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Here, they develop optimized mouse testicular organoids that recapitulate key testicular functions and generate functional haploid germ cells, enabling the generation of normal fertile F2 offspring. These organoids can be used to model male infertility and screen for drugs that may prevent germ cell loss after chemotherapy.

While AI has the potential to improve accuracy and efficiency in breast cancer diagnosis, it remains to be sufficiently tested in complex real-world clinical scenarios. Here, the authors develop BIRD, an end-to-end AI system for breast cancer recognition from ultrasound images, which is tested across large, diverse, and international cohorts.

Global analysis of obesity trends from 1980 to 2024 in 200 countries and territories using data from 4,050 population-based studies reveals that framing obesity as a single global epidemic masks the highly varied dynamics across countries and age groups.

The mitochondrial enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) has been implicated in tumor progression. Here the authors show that ALDH2 is highly expressed by tumor-associated macrophages, correlating with resistance to immune checkpoint blockade, and that ALDH2 depletion in macrophages results in enhanced T cell-mediated anti tumor immunity.

Glycolysis has long been considered a process restricted exclusively to the cytoplasm. Here, the authors show that a functional glycolytic pathway operates inside mitochondria to maintain organelle health, identifying the VWA8-PHB2-GRP75 complex as a critical regulator that offers a promising therapeutic target for mitochondrial diseases like retinitis pigmentosa.

The hybrid magnetic lattice has been proposed as a quantum bus for integrating the quantum network, but the decoherence depletes the quantum resources carried by it. By studying the non-Markovian dynamics of nitrogen-vacancy centers and magnon modes coupled to two independent hybrid magnetic lattices, the authors demonstrate a Floquet-engineering scheme using periodic driving to suppress decoherence.

Electrochromic displays offer low power consumption, but achieving large-area stretchability with high pixel resolution remains challenging. Kim et al. demonstrate a photo-patternable stretchable device enabling 10 × 10 cm² RGB pixelated display with stable performance under repeated strain.

Most wood adhesives are formaldehyde-based, which is toxic, and requires energy intensive hot-pressing with long curing cycles. Here, the authors develop a cellulose-based homologous active adhesive which cures under ambient hydration, eliminating toxic emissions and reducing energy consumption.

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are promising materials for soft robotics due to their ability to undergo significant shape changes in response to thermal stimuli, but traditional methods of synthesizing LCEs often require high energy inputs and result in limited actuation performance. This study introduces a non-mesogenic approach to synthesize LCEs that enables high actuation strains at low temperatures, allowing for the development of autonomous soft robots that can operate using ambient thermal energy.

The authors report that Ta-doped PbTiO₃ films with a p-i-n structure can generate a high photovoltaic current, offering the opportunity to advanced optoelectronic and imaging devices.

Natural variation in the promoter of OsTPS8 contributes to differences in grain chalkiness and seed vigor between indica and japonica rice subspecies by altering trehalose-6-phosphate biosynthesis and α-amylase levels.

Polymeric nanoparticles are promising non-lipid-based drug delivery vehicles. However, their clinical translation is limited by poor drug loading capacity and suboptimal delivery efficiency. Here, the authors address these issues by developing Polymeric Coacervate Core Micelles that can efficiently self-assemble and load drug candidates via a “Mix-and-Go” approach.

Investigating how aging predisposes individuals to a higher metastatic risk, the authors identify that extracellular vesicles secreted by senescent hepatocytes carry miRNAs that enhance metastatic potential in tumor-bearing aged mice, with relevance for older adults with cancer.

Accurate single nucleotide variations (SNVs) detection is clinically vital, yet existing techniques can only detect SNVs at specific loci. Here, Mao et al present a new generalized CRISPR/Cas-based strategy, termed PRICE, to identify SNVs in miRNA sequences without sacrificing the sensitivity.

Not all deer are equally susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Authors show that spike mutations reshape ACE2 compatibility across cervids, providing a structural basis for variant-dependent differences in spillover potential.

This study identifies a tomato Al tolerance pathway: SlSLAH2 mediates malate exudation, transcriptionally activated by SlWRKY37, phosphorylated by SlCDPK21, and repressed by SlPP2C72, to chelate toxic Al.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Electric-field-controllable, stochastic alteration of multiple conductance states in a Sc₂C₂@C₈₈ cluster is observed. A matrix-chain multiplication of two 4 × 4 state-transition matrices is demonstrated using this cluster with maximum error of less than 0.05.

The retina offers a window into systemic health, but its molecular links to cardiometabolic disease remain unclear. Here, the authors show that metabolomic profiling on retinal nerve fibre layer combined with machine learning reveals shared metabolic states that predict cardiometabolic risk and bridge health inequities.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

Tuning symmetry breaking in magnetic transitions via twist-angle engineering is challenging, as twisted two-dimensional magnets often inherit the magnetic ground states of their constituent parts. Now this tunability is achieved in a double-bilayer moiré magnet.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

An in-sensor wireless computing architecture integrates imaging, compression and transmission into a single step, dramatically reducing latency for real-time remote-sensing applications.

Long-lived trapped-ion entanglement over 10 km of spooled fibre reaches the threshold where establishment exceeds loss, providing a critical building block for scalable quantum repeaters.

Hypertrophic cardiomyocytes promote cancer progression through extracellular vesicles containing S100A7, S100A8, and miR-362-5p.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Argon-42 is a background in experiments that search for dark matter or neutrinoless double-beta decay. Now, the isotope’s abundance is measured by combining a laser-based atom trapping technique with isotope pre-enrichment.

DeepDrugDiscovery is an AI-powered screening platform incorporating ADMET and blood–brain barrier penetrability predictions to successfully identify mTOR-independent autophagy enhancers that can cross the blood–brain barrier for Alzheimer’s disease therapy.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

Wei and colleagues characterized the MHC class I immunopeptidome in mice and humans with lung fibrosis and identified immunogenic peptides specifically expressed in fibrosis-associated lung cell subsets that blocked the progression of fibrosis in mice treated with bleomycin.

Hemifacial spasms are hard to monitor and counteract. Here, the authors develop an eyewear-based closed-loop system that detects spasms via triboelectric sensors and triggers facial nerve stimulation, reducing spasm severity.

In a phase 1 trial enrolling six patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, treatment with lipid nanoparticles designed for base editing and inactivation of PCSK9 in hepatocytes showed preliminary evidence of reduced low-density lipoprotein levels without the occurrence of serious adverse events or evidence of off-target editing.

Yang et al. apply high-throughput structure probing approaches to characterize the secondary structure throughout the SARS-CoV-2 WT and VOC genomes, uncovering an ultra-long-range RNA-RNA interaction that directly binds ADAR1 to promote viral fitness.

TRIP6 phosphorylation triggers a signalling cascade that promotes glycolysis in KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer cells. The resulting lactate accumulation drives extracellular lactylation of CD44 on CD8⁺ T cells, thereby compromising their anti-tumour activity.

In a prospective multi-centre cohort in China, people living in areas of high soil selenium had a 35% increased risk of incident diabetes over a 3-year study period, with a stronger effect seen for men.