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High-Q multimodal and intensity configurable guided-surface lattice resonances are generated in index-discontinuous environments through radiation pattern modification by slab waveguides, promoting high-performance bio-molecule detection.

IgG bivalency enhances neutralization against enveloped viruses, but its on-virion structural details remain unclear. Here, authors use cryo-ET to reveal that two anti-RBD IgGs, P17 and S309, form diverse S-IgG bivalent binding modes, distinct higher-order assemblies, and inter-virion cross-linking on SARS-CoV-2 S protein.

This study uses machine learning and ground data from the Arctic to constrain land albedo feedback. The projected feedback is reduced by 0.29–0.52 W m⁻² K⁻¹ and uncertainty by 45–55%, suggesting that climate models overestimate this key warming amplifier.

This study delineates lifespan changes in the sensorimotor-association gradient using multimodal neuroimaging data from 33,247 participants, revealing a pattern aligned with evolutionary, structural, and cognitive hierarchies within a unified neurodevelopmental framework.

Despite rapid development of model algorithms, more evidence is needed on the widespread clinical implementation of auto-segmentation tools. In this prospective, multicenter, observational trial, the authors find that AI-assisted delineation performs better than manual delineation while improving time efficiency and reducing performance metrics variability across centers and physicians with varying expertise.

∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol induces anxiety at high doses, but the neural mechanisms remain unclear. Here, authors show that CB1 receptor–mediated inhibition of the ACC → DMS pathway drives anxiety-like behavior and THC aversion in mice.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) contribute to tissue repair and regeneration by activating pro-repair macrophages. However, the precise signaling governing this crosstalk upon injury is elusive. Here, using a mouse model of endovascular injury and single-cell RNA sequencing, the authors identify an IL-33–ST2–OPN axis that orchestrates the functional interaction between MSCs and reparative ST2+ macrophages, stimulating vascular smooth muscle cell and vascular repair.

Protein engineering is often hindered by the gap between modelling and experiment. Here, authors present ORI, a closed-loop computational framework to iteratively optimize proteins, achieving 100-fold higher activity, enhanced thermal stability, and the design of multifunctional enzymes.

Imaging strain in large catalytic particles with high precision remains a challenge. Here, the authors apply four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy to map strain in perovskite-type hydroxides, revealing correlations that enable high-performance nitrate reduction to ammonia.

Oocyte development requires tight regulation of transcription and RNA metabolism. Here, the authors identify DDX5 as a master regulator that integrates transcriptional and post-transcriptional programs to maintain RNA homeostasis, thereby ensuring oocyte competence and fertility.

In this study, the authors identify a microcircuit containing three subgroups of neurons associated with sensory-induced escape in the mouse temporal association cortex (TeA): sensory, sensory-motor decision and motor command neurons.

In this study, the authors present two distinct neuronal subpopulations, sharing a speed encoding model, in the mouse dorsal periaqueductal grey, controlling running and backing away behaviors, respectively.

The mid-infrared (MIR) range of the electromagnetic spectrum can be indirectly accessed by frequency upconversion. Here, authors propose a phase-matching-free scheme for broadband and efficient upconversion, covering wavelengths from MIR to ultraviolet with high-order harmonics generated from a NbOI₂ crystal. MIR imaging is demonstrated with a standard silicon camera.

Organic solar cells face morphological and interfacial limits that reduce efficiency and stability. The authors present a vacuum-induced compaction method that builds dense, smooth interfaces, delivering large area-scalable high-performance devices.

The COMPASSION16 trial showed survival benefits of cadonilimab plus standard therapy in advanced cervical cancer. Here, subgroup analysis confirms consistent progression-free and overall survival improvements across diverse patient profiles.

Biomass-derived hard carbon negative electrodes can cut cost, but properties vary by feedstock. Here, authors use data-driven intelligent carbonization to unify performance across diverse biomass, yielding high-capacity, long-life negative electrodes with lower footprints.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

Global cropland subsoil hides a “biogeochemical engine” where crop roots, soil texture, nitrifier communities, and hydrological conditions interact to fuel nitrification, silently driving soil acidification and groundwater nitrate pollution.

A genome-to-genome association study identifies host and viral risk factors that interact to drive nasopharyngeal carcinoma endemicity in southern China.

A mummified fossil of the early Permian reptile Captorhinus reveals the potential ancestral amniote breathing mechanism and its impact on terrestrial vertebrate evolution.

Functional group migration offers is a powerful yet underutilized strategy for constructing complex molecular architectures in chemical synthesis and drug discovery. Here, the authors report a nickel-catalyzed deoxygenative trifunctionalization of vinyl triflates, delivering boron-containing, polysubstituted cyclohexanes with quaternary carbon centres.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

Fusobacterium nucleatum activates the TLR4/MYB pathway, which transcriptionally upregulates ESPN, thereby promoting tumor cell extravasation and metastasis in head and neck cancer.

You, Hu et al. discover a population of COTL1^high NK cells regulated by GITRL⁺ macrophages and demonstrate their functional importance in mediating anti-tumour immunity in cancer with impaired tumour-specific MHC-I expression.

NatD is an acetyltransferase responsible for N-α-terminal acetylation of the histone H4 and H2A and has been linked to cell growth. Here the authors show that NatD-mediated acetylation of histone H4 serine 1 competes with the phosphorylation by CK2α at the same residue thus leading to the upregulation of Slug and tumor progression.

Bistable superlattice switching between two lattice configurations with sharply contrasting periodicities has been observed in monolayer TaIrTe₄, a dual quantum spin Hall insulator.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

The electron-phonon coupling in organic semiconductors is key to improving performance for devices. Here, the authors show that modulating the penetrated donor-acceptor interface with low electron-phonon coupling, reduces non-radiative voltage loss for high-performance organic solar cell devices.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

A distinct lipid-laden subset of monocyte-derived macrophages regulates hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration in injured livers, via CD36-mediated signalling.

The susceptibility of mouse and human T cells to ferroptosis is determined by the balance of systemic polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, highlighting a key role for lipid metabolism and dietary composition in regulating T cell function.

Population density and agricultural activity intensify fractional floating algal cover in 71% global lakes, whereas temperature and wind regulate the bloom phenology, according to an analysis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data across 4085 global lakes for two decades.

By analysing genome-wide cfDNA fragmentation, a prospective case-control study develops a machine learning model that sensitively detects early breast cancer, classifies tumour subtypes, and assesses lymph node involvement from a single blood draw

Pan et al. develop a zero-shot learning framework that detects mild diabetic retinopathy by transferring lesion features from a correlated eye disease without using labeled examples. The model achieves high accuracy and outperforms most supervised baselines, demonstrating a promising approach for automated screening where annotated data are scarce.