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The authors identify AMsh glia, expressing both cold and heat receptors, function as a dual-mode thermosensory hub, bidirectionally modulating neural circuits to regulate various thermal behaviors in C. elegans.

Spatiotemporal coordination of cellular and molecular events is crucial for cell fate commitment. Here, Yang et al. describe how transcription factors, signaling pathways, and epigenomic states regulate left-right patterning and axial mesendoderm lineage commitment during mouse gastrulation.

PRKN loss results in the SREBF2 degradation failure, and SREBF2 serves as a mediator for the transcriptional activation of ACAT2, leading to cholesterol accumulation and attenuated mitophagy in cervical cancer cells, thereby promoting immune evasion.

Here the authors experimentally realized a systematic approach to synthesize arbitrary-size two-dimensional all-band-flat photonic lattices, which pave a route for investigating flat-band related physics such as slow-light, nonlinear breathing, and dispersionless image transmission.

The application of spin-orbit torque in topological insulator heterostructures is limited only under low temperature. Here, the authors report room temperature magnetization switching in topological insulator-ferromagnet heterostructures by spin-orbit torques.

Analysis of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) by using whole-genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancer samples across 38 cancer types identifies hypermutated mtDNA cases, frequent somatic nuclear transfer of mtDNA and high variability of mtDNA copy number in many cancers.

Presenilin isoforms (PS1 and PS2) containing γ-secretase show contrasting sensitivity to MRK-560. Here, the authors determined cryo-EM structures of PS1/PS2-complexes treated with MRK-560 and identified key residues responsible for the isoform-dependent selectivity.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly of a vegetable-type elite pea cultivar ZW1 and population analyses using resequencing data of 314 accessions provide insights into the genetic basis of Mendelian and other agronomic traits.

Cement production is one of the largest industrial sources of global CO2 emissions. This study presents an electrochemical process that recycles waste cement into hydrated lime for cement production, eliminating the need for limestone and reducing CO2 emissions by 99.8%

CMAP is a method that maps large-scale individual cells to their precise spatial locations by integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics data through a divide-and-conquer strategy, supporting diverse data types and mapping scenarios.

The Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Rating Scale (PSPRS) was modified to improve clinical meaningfulness and sensitivity. Fifteen items were selected, and rescored PSPRS was more practical and sensitive to disease progression over 12 months.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Whole-genome sequencing data from more than 2,500 cancers of 38 tumour types reveal 16 signatures that can be used to classify somatic structural variants, highlighting the diversity of genomic rearrangements in cancer.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

The characterization of 4,645 whole-genome and 19,184 exome sequences, covering most types of cancer, identifies 81 single-base substitution, doublet-base substitution and small-insertion-and-deletion mutational signatures, providing a systematic overview of the mutational processes that contribute to cancer development.

In this study the authors consider the structural variants (SVs) present within cancer cases of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. They report hundreds of genes, including known cancer-associated genes for which the nearby presence of a SV breakpoint is associated with altered expression.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

Tough hydrogels have potential in a range of applications, but achieving the required balance of properties can be challenging. Here, the authors report the use of carbon dots to induce the formation of crystalline domains in hydrogels, to give materials with favourable properties.

This Analysis benchmarks 50 state-of-the-art TCR–epitope binding prediction methods and evaluates key factors that influence predictive performance.

Dysregulation of lipid metabolism and transport contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here the authors identify GP73 as a TBC-domain Rab GTPase-activating protein that regulates very low-density lipoprotein export and promotes NAFLD development in mice.

The practical uses of enzymes often require their immobilization for long-term running, but efficient immobilization methods are lacking. Here, the authors develop an enzyme immobilization approach that allows stable continuous-flow olefin epoxidations, through the design of an interphase system immobilizing enzymes by combining hydrophobic pores and a water‒oil microenvironment.

Using high field functional magnetic resonance imaging, the authors record the neural responses of the superior colliculus in both humans and macaque monkeys, and demonstrate that superior colliculus responds to local biological motion cues.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Some cancer patients first present with metastases where the location of the primary is unidentified; these are difficult to treat. In this study, using machine learning, the authors develop a method to determine the tissue of origin of a cancer based on whole sequencing data.

Many tumours exhibit hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypoxic tumours often respond poorly to therapy. Here, the authors quantify hypoxia in 1188 tumours from 27 cancer types, showing elevated hypoxia links to increased mutational load, directing evolutionary trajectories.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

Nitrogen-vacancy-centre microscopy and anisotropic magnetoresistance measurements reveal the evidence of magnetism in zigzag graphene nanoribbons embedded in hexagonal boron nitride.

While cotton fiber development has been extensively studied, the spatiotemporal transcriptome and metabolome landscape remain largely unknown. Here, the authors profile early stage cotton fiber cell using a combination of spatial transcriptomic, single-cell transcriptomic, and spatial metabolomic analyses.

Scattering in the archetypal oxide SrRuO₃ is shown to enhance orbital currents. This counter-intuitive effect establishes a transformative paradigm for energy-efficient spintronic devices.

Beijing’s district-level reform of emergency medical centers represents a pivotal step in strengthening the city’s prehospital emergency medical system. The reform aims not only to enhance workforce stability and financial transparency but also to improve system-wide management and coordination across municipal, district, and local levels. While these efforts have improved efficiency and accountability, challenges persist, including limited funding, uneven capacity, and unclear career pathways for non-technical staff. Beijing’s experience highlights the need for differentiated, context-specific strategies to balance autonomy and integration, ensuring the sustainable, equitable, and safe development of China’s prehospital emergency services.

Light-emitting diodes with suppressed efficiency roll-off can be created by intercalating oxygen plasma into few-layer molybdenum disulfide and tungsten disulfide.

Wei et al. identify the HDL receptor SR-B1 as a host factor that enhances infection of cultured cells with SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of ACE2, thus providing a possible molecular connection between lipoprotein metabolism and COVID-19.

The parity-time symmetry has led to exotic phenomena and fruitful applications in optical systems. In this paper, the authors propose a leaky-wave-enabled anti-parity-time design and realize space-wave harnessing.

Understanding the reprogramming of gene expression and metabolism is critical for the success of somatic embryogenesis-based plant tissue regeneration. Here, the authors report single-cell RNA-sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and spatial metabolomics analyses during cotton somatic embryo development.