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The cellular origin and developmental trajectory of DICER1 syndrome-associated tumors are currently unknown. Here, the authors employ a lineage-traceable genetically modified mouse model for DICER1 syndrome to identify universal fibroblasts as the likely cellular origin of mouse Dicer1 sarcoma and map their developmental trajectory, findings that are validated in human DICER1 mesenchymal tumors.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a key pathogenic bacterium and poses a significant therapeutic challenge due to its developing resistance to therapeutics. Here the authors establish a role for the MRSA virulence factor phenol-soluble modulin α3 in promoting macrophage M1 polarization and necroptosis via the host receptor FPR2 and the ISGF3 complex, and suggest the use of fludarabine to target the STAT1 component of this axis in models of MRSA infection.

High-latitude soils are future soil organic carbon loss hotspots, with losses dominated by particulate organic carbon (POC). The fraction of POC in total SOC (f_POC) is a key indicator, emphasizing the climate importance of preserving POC.

Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) is a hardy vine known for its resilience in cold climates. Here, the authors construct a phased graph-based pangenome based on the eight haplotype-resolved genomes and reveal the association of transposable elements-linked variants with climate adaptation.

Phase-change memories require effective ovonic threshold switching (OTS) selectors to eliminate leakage currents. A charge-triggered switching mechanism is identified in amorphous elemental selenium and shown to make it an effective OTS selector that can achieve a leakage current of 4 × 10⁻¹² A.

A testis-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, ECSASB9, governs spermiogenesis by promoting TUBB4A degradation. Disruption of this pathway impairs male fertility, and pathogenic ASB9 variants are found in infertile men.

Lewis basic additives have a central role in enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite light-emitting diodes. This Perspective examines how these additives interact with perovskite emitters and outlines molecular design principles to guide future additive development.

The researchers exploit lattice-anchoring-enhanced dynamic repair in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites to demonstrate a single-crystal detector with a sensitivity of 165.6 μC mGy⁻¹ cm⁻³ and radiation stability under high-fluence 6-MeV X-rays (6.4 × 10¹¹ photons cm⁻²) and 1.2-MeV electrons (6 × 10¹⁶ electrons cm⁻²). The findings may have implications for diverse applications, including radiation therapy, astronomy and nuclear technology.

Electrochemical capacitors are limited by low capacity. Here, authors report that the increased offset potential from potential of zero charge electrochemically drives the continued partial desolvations in carbon nanopores, leading to largely increased electric double-layer capacitance and capacity.

Engineered mucus-tethering bispecific nanobodies neutralize and entrap viruses to enhance mucosal immunity, preventing influenza infection and limiting SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

Alloy anodes can boost the energy density of Na-ion batteries but suffer from instability, and current strategies trade off performance and scalability. Here the authors develop a high-loading Sn anode reinforced with single-walled carbon nanotube networks, achieving high capacity and long-term cycling performance.

Butenolides are important features of many bioactive compounds but known butenolide biosynthetic pathways are complex and challenging to harness. In this study, the authors report that avenolide, a 4-alkylbutenolide that regulates avermectin production in Streptomyces avermitilis, is assembled from a fatty acyl thioester by a multifunctional flavoenzyme and an iterative cytochrome P450.

It was previously shown that Zinc deficiently worsens alcoholic liver disease. This study identified muscle-derived MG53 is transported to liver and mitigates liver damage through alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase

Current anion exchange membrane water electrolysers are hindered by poor performance in pure water. Here, the authors report a strategy that creates built-in alkaline microenvironments, enabling high performance and long-term stability using only pure water.

Stable electrodes which operate at large current density are essential for industrial water electrolysis. Here, a highly active Chevrel phase electrode is reported to achieve 2500 mA/cm⁻² current density for 300 hours at small overpotentials.

Base editors (BEs) enable precise base substitutions but are limited by their large size. Here, the authors engineer a split BE system utilizing coiled-coil heterodimers (CC-BE) and demonstrate that CC-BEs maintain or even enhance efficiency, enabling gene therapy applications via dual AAV.

This work demonstrates that Mn doping in rhombohedral GeSe enhances carrier mobility by optimizing lattice symmetry, which also creates beneficial resonant levels and synergistically improves the overall electrical and thermoelectric performance.

Computational spectrometers are normally constrained by limited bandwidth and low light throughput of spectral encoders. Here, the authors report the realization of broadband snapshot spectrometers based on high-transparency transition metal dichalcogenides spectral encoders integrated with InGaAs photodetectors.

Rational design of gas diffusion layers (GDL) is critical for enhancing the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Here, the authors employ Bayesian machine learning to design aligned GDLs, achieving a limiting current density of 7200 mA cm^-2.

CO electroreduction offers a sustainable route to acetate production but remains mechanistically unclear. Here, the authors develop an active learning multiscale framework revealing CH* binding strength as the key descriptor, predicting Cu/Pd and Cu/Ag as optimal catalysts.

Developing low-cost, high-performance, and stable photoanodes is crucial for solar-driven photoelectrochemical energy conversion. Here, the authors report a semi-transparent photoanode design that enhances carrier mobility for unassisted water splitting by using an Ag layer and a p-n heterojunction.

Che et al. identify a rice gene OsIET, which encodes a ferrous iron transporter in the node. Its disruption impairs Fe distribution to developing tissues, causing leaf chlorosis and reduced grain yield.

Direct seawater electrolysis is promising for sustainable hydrogen production but suffers severe side reactions and corrosion. Here, the authors report a corrosion-resistant electrocatalyst with in situ-formed chloride-ion-repelling cation layer for efficient and long-lasting seawater oxidation.

This study shows that the transcriptional targets of NANOG recruits UTP15 to gene promoters in mESCs. There, UTP15 supports the formation of Pol II condensates, thereby activating pluripotency gene transcription independently of its classic role.

A cooperative electrolytic strategy is designed, enabling dual C–H functionalization of deconstructed polyolefin oligomers, converting carbon fibre-reinforced polymer waste into adaptive materials. This approach forms covalently adaptable networks and establishes electrochemical backbone editing as a versatile platform for advanced polymer design and functionalization.

The large-scale implementation of electrochemical technologies will require the high-throughput production of high-performance, inexpensive catalysts. Here, authors demonstrate earth abundant molybdenite as raw materials to produce efficient MoS₂ catalysts for high current density H₂ evolution.

Use of ether-based electrolytes in Na-ion batteries is challenged with oxidation at high voltages. Here, authors report passivation of vulnerable ether solvents, enabling cathode electrolyte interphase enriched with NaF and NaN_xO_y and elevating the oxidation resistance of the electrolyte to 4.8 V.

Whole-genome recoding has been shown to enable nonstandard amino acids, biocontainment and viral resistance in bacteria. Here the authors extend this to human cells using base editing to convert TAG to TAA for 33 essential genes via a single transfection followed by examining base-editing genome-wide.

Current clinical systems for physiological monitoring face challenges in bulky tethers or percutaneous wires. Here, the authors present a tether-free and ultrathin piezoelectric resonator device that supports wireless, continuous measurement of arterial pulse, respiration, and intracranial pressure

The increased surface coverage of CO₂ electroreduction (CO₂R) intermediates promotes CO₂R at high operating current densities under strongly acidic conditions. Here the authors report a 77.4% single-pass carbon efficiency for conversion of acidic CO₂R to pure formic acid.

Adenosine signalling is identified as the central mechanism of action of the antidepressant effects of ketamine and electroconvulsive therapy, and newly developed analogues of ketamine exhibit improved antidepressant efficacy with reduced side effects.

Hydrogen production from water provides one avenue toward harnessing renewable energy, although large-scale implementation remains a challenge. Here, authors explore roles of morphology and surface chemistry, and develop efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution at high current densities.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Water electrolysis is a promising hydrogen production technique but is restricted from large-scale application due to poor performance and high cost. Here, the authors report a mechanically stable monolith electrocatalyst that achieves superior hydrogen evolution at large current densities.

Covalent organic frameworks are widely used for membranes, though often must overcome poor mechanical properties. Here the authors design a membrane using inorganic ion strategy to optimize the mechanical properties of COF-based membranes.

All-silica zeolite membranes are highly desired for natural gas upgrading but the size-exclusion effect is compromised by defects generated during high-temperature detemplation. Here, the authors develop a strategy to fabricate ultra-selective DD3R zeolite membranes via tuning the zeolite flexibility under rapid template decomposition.

‘Light-based bioprinting is employed in the fabrication of complex constructs but achieving high resolution remains challenging due to light scattering effects. Here, the authors develop a photoinhibiting additive which suppresses light scattering and demonstrate printing of functional scaffolds

Liu et al. developed a platform to identify transcription factors (TFs) that turn stem cells into desired cell types. They discovered six key TFs that produce microglia efficiently, enhancing cell differentiation methods.

Papillary thyroid cancers (PTC) generally have good prognosis, but their recurrence rate remains high. Here, the authors use proteogenomics and metabolomics to identify molecular features in PTC tumours and determine PTC subtypes that are associated with prognosis and potential targeted therapies.

Spin defects in semiconductors are promising for quantum technologies but understanding of defect formation processes in experiment remains incomplete. Here the authors present a computational protocol to study the formation of spin defects at the atomic scale and apply it to the divacancy defect in SiC.

CRISPR systems are powerful tools for gene editing and diagnostics, but their regulation is challenging. Here, the authors present DNACas, a light-controlled method using photocleavable phosphorothioate DNA to modulate CRISPR activity, enabling precise gene editing and one-pot diagnostic detection.

Genome-wide siRNA screens identify an essential function for sorting nexin 5 in virus-induced autophagy and immunity mediated via class III phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase complex 1.

The mechanism of soil microbial consortia resistant to aluminium toxicity is unclear. Here, the authors show that the quorum sensing signaling molecular HHQ produced by one member of the consortium can server as the nutritional resource for the other consortium member for aluminium tolerant cell wall component synthesis.

Developing a sustainable manufacturing method using biomass-derived feedstock at ambient conditions is highly desirable. Here the authors report electrooxidation route for synthesis of formamide from methanol and ammonia in water

A complementary analysis of DESI DR2 distance measurements along with supernova and CMB data shows consistent, moderate evidence that dark energy changes over time rather than behaving as a simple cosmological constant.

High-quality genome sequence of cultivated peanut comprising 2.54 Gb with 20 pseudomolecules and 83,709 protein-coding gene models provides insights into genome evolution and the genetic mechanisms underlying seed size and leaf resistance in peanut.