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A study examines the effects of mutations that occur naturally in T cell cancers, reporting that such mutations can potentially be exploited to increase the potency of T cell therapies.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

A study of several longitudinal birth cohorts and cross-sectional cohorts finds only moderate overlap in genetic variants between autism that is diagnosed earlier and that diagnosed later, so they may represent aetiologically different conditions.

Alkaline-earth phenoxides show promise as optical cycling centres; however, their properties when connected to larger structures is unclear. Now it has been shown that their optical cycling remains efficient despite increasing molecular complexity, enabling the scaling of laser-coolable molecules toward larger structures and surface-bound quantum systems.

Light passing through complex media is subject to scattering processes that mix together different photonic modes. This complexity can be harnessed to implement quantum operations.

Parity-time symmetry breaking and related non-Hermitian phenomena, such as high-order exceptional points, have attracted significant interest across various experimental platforms. Here the authors demonstrate a third-order exceptional point induced by parity-time symmetry breaking in a dissipative trapped ion.

Quantum process tomography represents one of the workhorses of quantum information processing, but suffers from exponential resource scaling. Here, the authors propose to efficiently infer general processes by approximating them through a sequence of two-qubit processes, and demonstrate it on a three-qubit case.

Erlich et al. show that soluble LTα and membrane-bound LTα1β2 lymphotoxins expressed by B cells play distinct roles to attenuate the pathology observed in ileitis.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.

Oncolytic viruses are under development for tumor treatment. David Kirn and colleagues now report their results of a randomized phase 2 dose-finding trial of JX-594, an oncolytic immunotherapeutic vaccinia virus, in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The study shows that high-dose JX-594 was associated with significantly improved overall survival and induced radiographic responses and antitumor immunity.

Electron pairing is a rare phenomenon which can result in exotic behaviour such as superconductivity. Here, the authors evidence robust electron pairing in the quantum Hall edge states of a Fabry–Perot interferometer via Aharonov–Bohm conductance oscillations and quantum shot noise measurements.

The blood ApoM-S1P complex regulates vascular functions, but its role in neurogenic niches remains unclear. Here, the authors show that the blood ApoM-S1P complex preserves V-SVZ homeostasis and protects against early features of Alzheimer’s disease.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

An analysis of data from the Sherlock-Lung study provides insight into the mutational processes that contribute to lung cancer in never smokers, and looks at the possible role of factors such as air pollution and passive smoking.

Phytochrome photoreceptors are master regulators of plant development. This paper describes 3D structures of soybean phytochrome A in both Pr (inactive) and Pfr (signalling) states, revealing changes that might transmit the light signal to the cell.

Analysis of global navigation satellite system observations and satellite data shows that frontal changes in 2012 of the North-East Greenland Ice Stream led to speed-up and thinning at least 200 km inland.

The authors study electron-doped cuprate superconductor Pr_1−xLaCe_xCuO_4-δ using ARPES and muon spin spectroscopy. They find that T_c is proportional to the quasiparticle weight of the hole pocket near the nodal points, which arises from Fermi-surface reconstruction associated with antiferromagnetic order.

A single-cell sequencing study using more than 30,000 tumour genomes from human ovarian cancers shows that whole-genome doubling is an ongoing mutational process that drives tumour evolution and disrupts immunity.

Isotope engineering can enhance spin coherence of solid-state defects, such as NV centers in diamond but progress for defects in hBN has been limited. Gong et al. report the optimization of isotopes in hBN and demonstrate improved coherence and relaxation times for the negatively charged boron vacancy centers.

A survey across 90 societies reveals that variation and change in everyday norms are explained by a single value dimension: the priority societies place on individualizing versus binding moral concerns.

The transcriptional coregulators YAP/TAZ are shown to directly control leptin gene transcription, thereby uncoupling adipose tissue mass from leptin levels.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.

Molecular magnets may provide fundamental building blocks for future spintronic and quantum information technologies. Here, the authors demonstrate how the Yb₄ tetrahedral components of inorganic materials Ba₃Yb₂Zn₅O₁₁behave as isolated molecular magnets.

Study shows PTSD predisposition shares distinct genes and genomic regions with several cardiovascular conditions. Here the findings reveal neuronal, immune, and metabolic pathways, and repurposed drug targets that further the understanding of the comorbidity.

CRISPR-TO, a system for programmable control of spatial localization of cellular RNAs, is presented and enables functional investigation of endogenous RNA localization in diverse living cells.

The pairing mechanism in kagome superconductors is still not fully understood. Now, CsV₃Sb₅, which belongs to this family, is shown to have orbital-selective pairing with two distinct superconducting domes that are not separated by any phase boundary.

Obesity-associated AT fibro-inflammation and metabolic disturbances are linked to PEPD activity and PEPD extracellular levels.

In human spinal ligament tissue exposed to high stress, fibrotic regions displaying elevated Rho-associated kinase signalling and an increased density of myofibroblasts expressing smooth muscle actin α contribute to degenerative spinal disease.

The proteomic landscape of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) in the context of platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains to be explored. Here, proteomic analysis of MIBC tumours pre- and matched post-NAC treatment identifies proteomic clusters with distinct biological and clinical features.

Insufficient AHR activation has been suggested in SLE, and augmenting AHR activation therapeutically may prevent CXCL13⁺ T_PH/T_FH differentiation and the subsequent recruitment of B cells and formation of lymphoid aggregates in inflamed tissues.

CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloys have high fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures due to deformation twinning but twinning is not active in this alloy at room temperature. Here authors optimize composition and thermomechanical treatments to introduce non-recrystallized grains, producing high yield strength while maintaining good ductility.

Biofuel cells can be used as power sources for implantable biomedical devices, but suffer from limited power and lifetime. Here, Kwon et al.fabricate biscrolled carbon nanotube yarn electrodes, and demonstrate high fuel cell performances when used for glucose energy harvesting.