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This study shows that Galectin-3 promotes wound healing by binding to and undergoing phase separation with integrin α5β1, a process disrupted by AGEs in pre-clinical models of diabetes. Topical Galectin-3 restored healing in synergy with insulin.

A nanoengineered, zero-volume-change, complete-sealing Li-based composite electrode, comprising multilayer reduced graphene oxide and zinc oxide, is developed, achieving Li plating/stripping Coulombic efficiencies of ≥99.99%.

Researchers demonstrate a receiver based on an all-Si eight-channel avalanche photodiode, which operates at a data rate of 160 Gb s⁻¹ per channel and has an aggregate rate of 1.28 Tb s⁻¹.

Freestanding membranes of hafnium zirconium oxide can be created using pulsed laser deposition method and used as the top-gate dielectric in molybdenum disulfide transistors.

In this clinical trial, the authors demonstrate that recombinant gE-Fc Fusion Protein Vaccine LZ901 for herpes zoster induces superior cellular immunogenicity and exhibits a better safety profile than HZ/su in adults ≥50 years, supporting its potential as vaccine candidate.

The advance in improving the operational lifetime of organic solar cells is currently limited. Here, the authors report a radical scavenger capped zinc oxide nanoparticles as the electron transport layer, achieving operationally stable devices with efficiency of 19.47%.

Here, the authors use mobile telecom data to study communication in family networks after a natural disaster, and find that the structural configuration of families’ social tie sharing predicted their post-disaster communications dynamics.

Recently, an orbital Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state was predicted and identified in thin flakes of the transition metal dichalcogenide superconductor 2H-NbSe₂. Here, the authors present experimental evidence of the formation of this orbital FFLO state in bulk 2H-NbSe₂ samples.

In this work, authors demonstrate a self-sufficient fog harvester system that simultaneously produces nitrogen-based nutrients for fertilizer via spark-driven nitrogen fixation. The device has the potential to enhance crop growth sustainably without additional energy input or pollutant emissions.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.

Between 2013 and 2017, China enacted a series of policies to improve air quality by promoting a switch to cleaner fuels for households. This study examines the changes in energy cost and associated energy burden across regions and income groups during this period, finding an increased burden on rural households.

The role of phosphorylated CTD interacting factor-1 (PCIF1) in neuropathic pain-anxiety comorbidity remains elusive. Here, authors identify the SERBP1–PCIF1 complex, which targets m6Am modification in glutamatergic neurons of the S1HL, as a potential therapeutic target.

Induced proximity by molecular glues is a strategy that leverages the recruitment of proteins to facilitate their modification or degradation. Here the authors present unbiased quantitative proteomic, biochemical and computational workflows that uncover hundreds of CRBN molecular glue targets using recombinant protein and cell lysate.

The performance of Y6-containing donor-acceptor active layers in organic solar cells is highly related to the charge-transfer nature in Y6 aggregates. Here, authors study charge-transfer characteristics of excitations of isolated and aggregated Y6 molecules through electroabsorption spectroscopy.

Atmospheric dryness is increasing as air temperatures rise because of climate change. This Review explores temporal trends and spatial heterogeneity in global atmospheric dryness and the implications for plant growth, productivity and terrestrial carbon cycling.

Polyploidy and subsequent post-polyploid diploidization (PPD) contribute to evolutionary success of plant species. Here, using 11 genomes from all nine subfamilies of Malvaceae as an example, the authors provide evidence to support the “polyploidy for survival and PPD for success” hypothesis.

Here, using lung epithelial cells and ex vivo tissue explants, the authors show that, in addition to ACE2, host heparan sulfate is directly involved in SARS-CoV-2 attachment and entry and provide data suggesting that host sialic acids may act as viral restriction factor in lung tissues.

Analysis of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) by using whole-genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancer samples across 38 cancer types identifies hypermutated mtDNA cases, frequent somatic nuclear transfer of mtDNA and high variability of mtDNA copy number in many cancers.

The GDF15–GFRAL axis is key for regulating energy homeostasis and body weight. Membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinase 14 is shown to negatively regulate GFRAL, whereas its downregulation protects against diet-induced obesity through increased GDF15 signaling.

The mechanisms allowing early disseminated cancer cells colonize other tissues remain largely unknown. Here, authors show that GPRC5A axis drives esophageal squamous cell carcinoma lung seeding and metastasis, in a mechanism resembling trophoblast behavior during embryo implantation.

Nanopore direct RNA sequencing is promising for epitranscriptome study but remains limited in single-molecule resolution. Here, the authors develop SingleMod, a tool for accurate single-molecule m6A detection from DRS and reveal cross-species epitranscriptome landscapes at single-molecule level.

Excessive glucocorticoid (GC) action is linked to various metabolic disorders. Here the authors show that elevated expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), the enzyme driving local bone GC activation, is associated with bone loss and obesity mice.

Endothelin-1 activation after SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to vascular permeability, chondrocyte senescence, osteoclast activation and cyst formation in affected joints of hamsters, which can be alleviated using macitentan. Joint injury was also seen in two patients after COVID-19 infection.

A Dirac quantum spin liquid phase is predicted to have a continuum of fractionalized spinon excitations with a Dirac cone dispersion. A spin continuum consistent with this picture has now been observed in neutron scattering measurements.

Here, the authors show that a single mutation in JN.1 spike, L455S, confers better spike cleavage and enhances virus infectivity in differentiated primary human nasal epithelial cells while increasing immune evasiveness, contributing to the efficient spread of JN.1.

Glucose metabolism is crucial for cellular energy regulation and affects the immune response. Here the authors show that nutritional supplementation of mannose may be beneficial during virus infections by rewiring glucose metabolic dysregulation and alleviating inflammatory tissue damage.

From a small village in China to Beijing and then to Hong Kong, researcher Na Cong demonstrates the differences in food environments across cities and highlights the necessity of reshaping a food environment that balances accessibility, affordability, convenience and nutrition for diverse populations.

Teixobactin is a recently identified antibiotic that shows activity against drug resistant strains of bacteria. Here, the authors report a highly convergent total synthesis of this natural product, with sufficient flexibility to also allow the synthesis of a number of analogues.

According to the rice theory, the demands of rice farming might make cultures more collectivistic. Here the authors provide evidence in support of this theory by showing that Chinese farmers who were quasi-randomly assigned to farm rice score higher on measures related to collectivism than those assigned to farm wheat.

RNA editing provides epigenetic diversity and is thought to be decreased in cancer. However, this report describes a phenomenon of increased RNA editing associated with malignancy in human liver tumors. The increased editing of AZIN1 is facilitated by the correlative increase in the editing enzyme ADAR1 and induces an amino acid change that leads to subcellular relocalization, increased stability and affinity for antizyme. This effect impairs antizyme's function and increases the stability of its target oncoproteins, providing protumorigenic functions. The hyperediting of AZIN1 is a protumorigenic event in liver cancer pathogenesis.

The authors develop a freestanding high-entropy-oxide (HEO) nanomembrane with exceptional fracture resistance and multifunctionality. Formation of dual-phase nanostructure (HEO scaffold + decomposed hydrogel chains) enables hierarchical toughening.

An individual-based mathematical model evaluating the public health benefits of RSVpreF vaccination showed that vaccinating older adults and pregnant women can substantially reduce respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-related hospitalizations and deaths, averting substantial inpatient costs, with the impact varying across countries and influenced by both uptake rates and the local epidemiological characteristics of RSV seasons.

Structural vacancies in crystalline solids have potential in tuning optoelectronic properties. However, the random distribution of vacancies a problem when creating materials with completely reproducible functions. Here authors use vacancy engineering to improve electronic communication between cluster units in 3D orientationally ordered MOF crystals.

Multimodal Large Language Models are energy intensive and computationally demanding. Here, the authors developed a series of lightweight Multimodal Large Language Models deployable on edge devices.

Machine-learning-augmented single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis compared molecular landscapes of immature neurons in the mammalian hippocampus across species, highlighting human-specific gene expression but convergent biological processes.

This study explores the magnitude, spatiotemporal variation and drivers of nitrous oxide emissions from Chinese livestock production over the past four decades. Scenario analysis is used to estimate emissions mitigation potential of different measures, their associated marginal abatement costs and the social benefits.

Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.

A novel covalent inhibitor, ISM3312, targets the main protease of multiple human coronaviruses, including drug-resistant strains, and shows broad antiviral activity. It offers a promising therapeutic strategy against current and future coronavirus threats.

A screen of the ReFRAME library of approximately 12,000 known drugs for antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) identified several candidate compounds with suitable activities and pharmacological profiles, which could potentially expedite the deployment of therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Extracellular anisotropic stresses trigger fibroblast transition into myofibroblasts by the mechanical self-reinforcement of cell–extracellular matrix interactions.

This paper presents a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of noise sources in real-world single-pixel imaging systems. Based on the proposed physical model, a robust and practical compensation network is developed.

A high-bandwidth neuromotor interface offers performant out-of-the-box generalization across people.

Paired electrosynthesis is an efficient green process that minimizes resource and energy consumption as well as waste generation. The authors demonstrate an electrolysis system that pairs CO₂ reduction to CO at the cathode with allyl alcohol oxidation to acrolein at the anode.

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates a variety of physiological processes in plants. A molecule involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, the H-subunit of Mg-chelatase functions as an ABA receptor. This interaction controls seed germination and stomatal movement.