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Here the authors perform a trans expression quantitative trait locus meta-analysis study of over 3,700 people and link a USP18 variant to expression of 50 inflammation genes and lupus risk, highlighting how genetic regulation of immune responses drives autoimmune disease and informs new therapies.

In this work, authors report a mechanism for how phage can promote the spread of costly antibiotic resistance. They show that faster-growing sensitive cells dominate the biomass periphery where they encounter more phage, allowing for slower growing resistant cells to persist.

This pilot trial showed that perioperative treatment with the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitor safusidenib of patients with low-grade IDH-mutant glioma, with craniotomy and lumbar puncture before and after treatment, is feasible and safe and enabled in-depth translational investigation of safusidenib treatment-induced changes in the tumor, including electrophysiological effects.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

The durability of Fe-N-C single-atom-catalysts for oxygen reduction in acidic medium remains elusive. Here, the authors report how a low amount of platinum stabilizes the FeN4 sites via a long-range electronic effect.

In a post-hoc analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) features from patients with metastatic prostate cancer treated with [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu–PSMA-617 or cabazitaxel in the randomized phase 2 TheraP trial, low ctDNA levels at baseline were predictive of clinical benefit from [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu–PSMA-617, and PTEN or ATM alterations were identified as potential biomarkers of response.

To address an evidence gap for the efficacy of hypertension therapy using dual drug combinations in patients of South Asian origin, a randomized clinical trial conducted in India found that three types of dual drug combinations, each administered in a single pill, had similarly large effects on reducing blood pressure.

A 50 microRNA-based dynamic risk score for stratifying individuals with and without type 1 diabetes was developed using samples obtained from multicenter and multiethnic cohorts.

Polariton-mediated photochemical charge transfer can be identified and quantified in a properly designed photonic system using momentum-resolved ultrafast optical techniques.

During chronic but not acute inflammation, chromatin remodelling is influenced by nuclear autophagy through WSTF interaction with ATG8 in the nucleus, leading to WSTF nuclear export and its subsequent degradation.

This meta-analysis of brain-imaging studies reveals similarities and differences in the brain networks that support number and arithmetic processing and reading. Differences are found in posterior brain regions and similarities in prefrontal regions that support cognitive control.

Human airway contains physiologically relevant yet rare cells, but their scarcity prevents thorough profiling and differentiation studies. Here the authors use single cell RNA sequencing to identify rare ionocytes and tuft cells, as well as a potential progenitor population with cytokine-guided differentiation into either the ionocytes or tuft cell lineage.

In a phase 1 trial, patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who were treated with surgery and bespoke neoantigen mRNA vaccines combined with anti-PD-L1 and chemotherapy exhibited marked long-lived persistence of neoantigen-specific CD8⁺ T cell clones, which correlated with prolonged recurrence-free survival at a 3.2-year follow-up.

Low-density foams offer a number of attractive properties as compared to bulk materials. Here, the authors report a three-dimensional foam structure composed of stacked graphene oxide layers reinforced by hexagonal boron nitride, causing enhanced mechanical integrity.

In the layered magnetic semiconductor CrSBr, emergent light–matter hybrids (polaritons) increase the spectral bandwidth of correlations between the magnetic, electronic and optical properties, enabling largely tunable optical responses to applied magnetic fields and magnons.

Formal education systems rarely include the knowledge and skills of hunter-gatherer societies. This can lead to cultural erosion and knowledge decline. For education to be both high quality and sustainable, Indigenous knowledge should be recognized and valued.

As a result of unsupportive sanitation environments, women may cope by suppressing urges to urinate and defecate or by not eating food and/or drinking water. Among urban women in Uganda and India, nearly all women surveyed reported suppressing urination and defecation urges. Withholding food and water was less common. Perceived privacy, safety and health influenced these coping behaviours.

C-H activation reactions allow transformations on relatively unfunctionalised organic molecules. Here, the authors describe rhodium-catalysed C-H bond activation of unprotected anilines with alkynes leading to C-C bond formation (rather than the more usual C-N), and subsequent annulation to form quinolines.

Microcavity polaritons—the bosonic quasiparticles that result from strong light–matter coupling—are observed for the first time in a dielectric cavity containing a monolayer of molybdenum disulphide at room temperature.

Plasmonic effects in organic light-emitting devices, which are normally considered a source of energy loss, are harnessed to enhance the stability of these devices while maintaining operational efficiency.

Integrating heterogeneous single atom nanozyme (SAzyme) configurations and homogeneous enzyme-like mechanism is promising for optimizing SAzymes but elusive. Here the authors address this issue by developing a spatial engineering strategy to fabricate dual-sites SAzymes incorporating single atom Fe active centers (Fe–N₄) and Cu atomic sites (Cu–N₄) in a vertically stacked Fe–N₄ and Cu–N₄ geometry.

The heart’s tolerance to ischemia–reperfusion injury varies according to a day–night cycle. Vinod et al. show that a timed low dose of cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, is protective against heart ischemia–reperfusion injury by promoting the proteasomal degradation of the molecular-clock component and transrepressive nuclear receptor REV-ERBα.

This study reveals that ADAR1 dimerization influences the site-specificity of RNA editing without fully inhibiting its activity, offering new insights into how ADAR1 selects RNA targets and potential ways to modulate its function.

Protein-mediated transport is implicated in trafficking fatty acids at contact sites of lipid droplets and mitochondria. Here, the authors use proteomics to catalogue the proteins at this contact site and report a mechanism of fatty acid transfer that regulates fatty acid oxidation and lipid homeostasis.

IL-33 induces tertiary lymphoid structures.

Lee et al. demonstrate that dopaminergic medication-induced changes in spatiotemporal brain state dynamics during a working memory task correlate with individual differences in performance gains in participants with Parkinson’s disease.

Using pump-power-dependent exciton absorption spectroscopy, the authors reveal magnon-mediated exciton–exciton interactions and a consequent nonlinear optical response in CrSBr, an antiferromagnetic semiconductor.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

Mutations in glucocerebrosidase (GCase) cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher’s disease and are the most common risk factor for Parkinson’s disease. Using a fusion protein comprising GCase and a transferrin receptor antibody fragment, the authors show that the transferrin receptor pathway can be therapeutically exploited to both pass the blood-brain barrier and efficiently target lysosomal GCase deficiency.

National implementation of a computed tomographic angiography and AI-diagnostic tool, CT-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR-CT), did not provide significant benefits in reducing mortality but led to fewer invasive coronary angiograms and downstream cardiac tests.

Dual-gated van der Waals heterojunction transistors can provide Gaussian, sigmoid and mixed-kernel functions for use in low-power machine learning classification operations.

Large language models can be manipulated to generate misinformation by poisoning of a very small percentage of the data on which they are trained, but a harm mitigation strategy using biomedical knowledge graphs can offer a method for addressing this vulnerability.

A monolayer WS₂ membrane patterned as a photonic crystal sustains guided optical modes that propagate via total internal reflection.

Mutations at two key positions in the TERT promoter are frequent drivers of cancer, but the role of rare, atypical mutations in this region remains unclear. Here, the authors demonstrate that atypical TERT promoter mutations develop after canonical ones due to locally elevated UV-induced DNA damage.

This study reveals that in people with first episode of psychosis receiving oral antipsychotic medication, switching to long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapy may reduce psychotic relapses, especially in vulnerable subgroups, such as those with prior relapses or non-adherence to antipsychotic medication.

We report the experimental realization and room-temperature operation of a low-power (20 pW) moiré synaptic transistor based on an asymmetric bilayer graphene/hexagonal boron nitride moiré heterostructure.