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A genome-wide association study in rice identifies variation in SBRR1 associated with sheath blight resistance. Introducing the SBRR1-R allele into a commercial rice variety reduces yield loss under severe exposure to sheath blight disease.

Fungal diseases threaten crops worldwide. By resolving the cryo-EM structure of fungal succinate dehydrogenase, researchers designed an inhibitor with broad antifungal activity, strong field performance, and reduced environmental toxicity.

In this clinical trial, the authors demonstrate that recombinant gE-Fc Fusion Protein Vaccine LZ901 for herpes zoster induces superior cellular immunogenicity and exhibits a better safety profile than HZ/su in adults ≥50 years, supporting its potential as vaccine candidate.

Atomistic simulations are important for phase-change materials and devices. Here, the authors present fast and accurate machine-learned potentials, enabling full-cycle device-scale simulations and showcasing applications in studying memory and neuromorphic computing devices.

Most kiwifruit species are vulnerable to high levels of heat stress. Here, the authors report natural variation at the GATA transcription factor binding site of EGY3 gene mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis to confer kiwifruit thermotolerance.

Cells struggle to migrate on soft substrates, which don’t provide enough traction. Here, the authors show that rapid, cyclic changes in substrate rigidity allow cells to overcome this limitation and move quickly.

Jian Ma et al. present HuDiff, a diffusion-based deep learning framework that humanizes antibodies and nanobodies (a small type of antibody) without templates. The model achieves improved humanness while preserving or enhancing binding strength, and the authors show promising results in virus neutralization experiments.

Here, the authors structurally and biochemically characterise the YcfA-YcfC enzyme system, crucial for biosynthesis of the anticancer and antimicrobial agent 6-thioguanine.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

Dihydrouridine (D) is an abundant RNA modification but its functions are currently unclear. Here, authors develop CRACI, a sensitive method for transcriptome-wide, single-base D mapping, identifying sites across mammalian and plant transcriptomes and identifying DUS2L as a mitochondrial D writer.

Resistance drift, also known as the temporal change in electrical resistance, hampers the application of phase-change materials for neuromorphic computing. Here an amorphous CrTe₃ thin film with no resistance drift in the working temperature from −200 °C to 165 °C is reported.

A comprehensive phylogeny and taxonomy for the medically and ecologically important genus Artemisia remain unavailable. Here, the authors combine genomic data with morphological analyses to reconstruct the most comprehensive phylogeny and taxonomy of global Artemisia.

The authors realize a two-dimensional hybrid perovskite with robust multiaxial ferroelectricity and nonlinear optical response via molecular fluorination and lone pair expression of Ge²⁺, enabling prominent piezoelectric sensing in composite device

A combination of adenovirus-vectored and subunit protein intranasal vaccine enhances immune response against SARS-CoV-2 variants in animal models and humans.

Pseudokinases are non-canonical protein-kinase-like proteins deficient in kinase activity, few of which have enzymatic activity that differs from phosphorylation. Now a pseudokinase-enabled cyclization activity for the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides has been observed. Here pseudokinases can catalyse a Michael addition for (ene)thioether crosslinking through a sandwich-like substrate-assisted process.

Human cortical functions rely on intricate spatial arrangements and interactions among neuronal cell types. Here, authors show a comprehensive cellular atlas illustrating detailed neuron distribution and communication patterns across cortical regions.

Communication between room-temperature and cryogenic environments is a bottleneck to the scaling of cryogenic devices. Here, the authors introduce a technique for in situ writing and erasing of circuits at low temperatures, enabling reversible construction of patterns without a photoresist.

Wei et al. show that the primary function of m⁶A on the nuclear long noncoding RNA Xist, a master regulator of X inactivation, is to promote RNA degradation. Xist turnover is mediated by the nuclear exosome targeting complex and occurs independently of the nuclear m⁶A reader YTHDC1.

NatD is an acetyltransferase responsible for N-α-terminal acetylation of the histone H4 and H2A and has been linked to cell growth. Here the authors show that NatD-mediated acetylation of histone H4 serine 1 competes with the phosphorylation by CK2α at the same residue thus leading to the upregulation of Slug and tumor progression.

A genome-wide CRISPR screen helps to identify the Epstein–Barr virus receptor desmocollin 2 for primary epithelial cell infection. Additional infection assays revealed that desmocollin 3 also aids infection.

Low glume coverage is the preferred for easy threshing in grain production, but the genetic basis remains unclear. Here, the authors report the gene GC1, which encodes an atypical G protein γ subunit, negatively regulates sorghum glume coverage and the naturally truncated alleles can be useful in the naked grain breeding.

This study demonstrated that different types of HC-Pros from potyviruses exhibit varying capacities to inhibit HEN1. This results in distinct levels of autophagic AGO1 degradation, which in turn leads to differences in RNA silencing suppression efficiency.

LexicMap uses a fixed set of probes to efficiently query gene sequences for fast and low-memory alignment.

Hu et al. identify border-associated macrophages as early targets of brain aging. These cells acquire senescence-associated properties, which are transmittable via migrasomes carrying the apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage. Blocking migrasome production attenuates cognitive decline in aged mice.

Delamination and cracking hinder the durability of air electrodes in ceramic cells. Here, the authors introduce oxide wedging at particle interfaces to enhance mechanical robustness and thermal compatibility, significantly improving electrode longevity.

Anode catalysts in proton-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers usually trade activity for stability. Here, the authors report an electronic-structure-tuning strategy that modulates the metal–oxygen redox behavior of RuO₂, yielding a catalyst that is both highly active and durable.

A screen for protein degraders discovers hits by imaging cell survival.

The upscaling of kesterite photovoltaics is challenging and results in low performance. Xiang et al. tune the thiourea/metal precursor ratio to improve the morphology of the kesterite film, achieving 10.1% certified power conversion efficiency in 10.48-cm² modules.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Novel Cas protein discovery is vital in CRISPR-Cas technology. Here, authors develop AIL-Scan, an AI-assisted Cas detection strategy using the ESM model, and discover seven unreported Cas12a subtypes with distinct DNA cleavage and PAM recognition, enabling SNP detection and precise gene editing.

The integration of epitaxial complex oxides on semiconductor and flexible substrates is required but challenging. Here, the authors report the highly heterogeneous epitaxy of transferrable BaTiO_3-δ membrane with enhanced flexoelectricity on Ge (011).

Circulating metabolites reflect key physiological states, but their genetic basis remains incompletely defined. Here, the authors show over 24,000 variant-metabolite associations and highlight rare coding variants and disease-linked metabolites through integrated analyses.

The decarbonization of energy systems requires access to minerals that are critical for manufacturing low-carbon technologies. Here researchers show that meeting climate targets could be impeded by material shortages, revealing the importance of diverse solutions that balance mitigation, equity and resource constraints.

The authors present evidence based on satellite observations that the local cooling effect of potential forestation in Europe has intensified over the past two decades, driven by the reduced winter snow cover and declining summer soil moisture under global warming.

Tissue-specific mRNA or gene editing machinery delivery is achieved with lipid nanoparticles containing peptides with specific sequences, which tune the protein corona of the particles by mechanical optimization of peptide–protein binding affinities.

This study introduces a deep active optimization pipeline that effectively tackles high-dimensional, complex problems with limited data. The approach minimizes sample size and surpasses existing methods, achieving optimal solutions in up to 2,000 dimensions.

It is difficult to spatially resolve molecular orbitals of molecules on highly reactive semiconductor surfaces. Here, Xu et al.use scanning tunnelling microscopy to study pyridazine molecules on a clean germanium surface, and hybridized molecular orbitals are directly imaged.

Sandwich-type clusters containing heterometallic interlayers have remained elusive. Here, the authors present the structure of a cluster composed of two aromatic nonagermanide caps flanking an heterometallic Ge@Pd₃ planar fragment, where the Ge center is formally zerovalent.

FeGe is an antiferromagnetic kagome metal with a rich magnetic and electronic phase diagram. Recently it was found that post-growth annealing of FeGe can suppress or induce charge density wave order depending on the annealing temperature. Here, Klemm, Siddique et al show the critical role that annealing induced Ge-vacancies and stacking faults play in the formation of charge density wave order in FeGe.

Border and colleagues present FUSION, an open-source, web-based platform designed to integrate spatial omics with histological context. FUSION enables intuitive, interactive exploration of cellular and tissue-level features across diverse organs and assay types.

Zhao et al. report bilateral Geiger mode avalanche in 2D graphene/InSe/Cr asymmetrical Schottky junction. The asymmetrical Schottky junction benefits to initiate impact ionization and multiplication for the injected majority carriers, leading to a multiplication factor up to 10 ^ 7 and a breakdown voltage of 1.4 V.

Cas9-based genome editing encounters delivery constraints during widespread application. The cryo-EM structure of the compact NsCas9d-sgRNA-DNA complex reveals a novel Type II- D Cas9 subtype and underscores the untapped potential in diverse CRISPR systems.

A coherent 909-Hz quasi-periodic oscillation was potentially detected in GRB 230307A, the second brightest gamma-ray burst to date, indicating that a millisecond magnetar formed after the merger powered the burst.

Integrating CO₂ capture and electrochemical conversion avoids the thermal release of CO₂ and thus could potentially lower the energy needed to make useful products from CO₂, but choosing optimal system components is still challenging. Here the authors use piperazine alongside a nickel catalyst for capture and achieve high energy efficiency and stable CO production.

Graphene-base transistors were originally proposed for high-frequency applications, but the height of the emitter potential barrier limits the transistor performance towards the THz range. Here, the authors fabricate a vertical silicon-graphene-germanium transistor with a Schottky emitter enabling a transition from MHz to GHz operation.

Maintaining proper reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance is critical for cellular and individual health, yet its dynamic nature encumbers monitoring and assessment. Here the authors propose a platform using mass cytometry-based detection, termed SN-ROP, to identify distinct ROS profiles associated with specific immune cell functions and disease states.

A sampling-based manifold learning method is proposed to study the cluster structure of high-dimensional data. Its applicability and scalability have been verified in single-cell data analysis and anomaly detection in electrocardiogram signals.

Lack of transparency and standardization in experimental design and performance evaluation hinders the real-world applications of advanced oxidation processes — critical technologies in wastewater treatment. Here, we highlight the common pitfalls in advanced oxidation process research and propose practices to guide future studies.