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A variety of metal electrodes can be deposited on a graphene substrate, delaminated and transferred onto two-dimensional semiconductors to form high-quality metal–semiconductor interfaces.

Mutations of the histone H3K36-specific methyltransferase ASH1L have been linked to several human diseases. Here, the authors report the mechanism by which three C-terminal domains in ASH1L regulate its enzymatic activity and interact with chromatin.

Machine learning-assisted robots produce MXene aerogels containing cellulose, gelatin, and glutaraldehyde, fabricating 162 compositions. Inverse design from resulting properties affords tailored compression-stable materials for Joule heating.

A strategy that preserves stereochemistry in intramolecular Friedel–Crafts alkylation is reported. An iterative synthetic approach to extend spiro-bridged molecular skeletons via C–H activation–annulation is developed, where the stereoretentive one-shot conversion to form multiple spirocarbon-bridged carbocycles resembles a ‘zipping up’ process.

Seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production is limited by the poor salinity tolerance of catalysts. CoP was found to repel chlorine while attracting H2O molecules to form a thin layer on the catalyst surface, thus constructing a corrosion-resistant CoP/rGO@Ti catalyst for seawater splitting.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in mediating intercellular communication, but the poor tissue retention of EVs has limited the efficacy of EV-based therapies. Here, the authors report an approach that adopts EVs as the building blocks of hydrogels, to fabricating injectable EV hydrogels with tunable mechanics and improving the therapeutic efficacy of EV-based therapies.

Chiral α-quaternary amino and glycolic acids have found use in medicinal applications. Although their synthesis through α-alkylation is well known, synthesis via α-arylation remains challenging. Now, palladium-catalysed methods for the enantioselective α-arylation of amino acid- and glycolic acid-derived heterocycles, azlactones and 5H-oxazol-4-ones, using aryl bromides, are reported.

γ-Amino acids and peptides analogues are common constituents of building blocks for numerous biologically active molecules, pharmaceuticals, and natural products. Here, the authors developed a multicomponent carbonylation technology that combines readily available amides, alkenes, and the feedstock gas carbon monoxide to build γ-amino acid derivatives in a single step.

Conventional adhesives stick poorly to wet tissue because water severely undermines the adhesive chemicals they rely on. To overcome this, Yang et al. develop a bio-inspired adhesive microneedle array whose tips swell on contact with water, forming a mechanical bond to living tissue.

Alkene 1,1-difunctionalization can provide direct access to valuable molecules. Now, an organometallic-radical relay strategy involving radical generation through homolysis of the metal–alkyl complex allows catalytic coupling of terminal or internal alkenes with arylboronic acids and electrophilic radical acceptors.

Residual industrial heat could be harnessed as an energy source for CO₂ conversion. Here the authors present a method for storing electrons and hydrogen in catalysts using light and water, which are then released upon heating to enable CO₂ reduction with intermittent sunlight and residual heat.

Shi and colleagues present a spatial microfluidic holographic integrated platform for label-free, high-dimensional analysis of cancer heterogeneity, achieving very high accuracy in classifying cancer types, breast cancer subtypes, and blood cells.

Size control in quantum materials by direct growth is still difficult to achieve. Here, the authors present the width-dependent growth of single-layer nanoribbons of transition metal dichalcogenides from nanoalloy seeds, achieving strain-induced quantum emission with a purity of up to 90 % for single photons.

The authors present a simple and rapid way for fabricating gold microsphere arrays through a laser-irradiated ripening strategy. These gold microspheres are suitable for reliable high-resolution bonding applications due to their stable conductivity.

Employing appropriate catalysts in room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries can significantly enhance performance. Here, authors utilize natural language processing techniques in conjunction with a binary descriptor to screen preferrable single-atom catalysts to achieve high specific capacity.

The color of rhodopsins is regulated by the interaction of the chromophore with its counterion. Here the authors introduce a computational model showing that color tuning can be described in terms of virtual counterion migration and delocalization pathways.

CO₂ reduction to value-added products is an attractive strategy in sustainable chemistry. Now a photochemical diode simultaneously drives biophotocathodic CO₂-to-multicarbon conversion and photoanodic glycerol oxidation under red light with a photocurrent density of ~1.2 mA cm⁻² and a Faradaic efficiency of ~80%.

Meningeal lymphatic vessels have been associated with amyloid beta clearance, which is considered as a modulation target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment. Here, the authors show that transcranial light treatment can enhance meningeal lymphatic drainage in aged and AD model mice and improve AD-associated pathology and cognitive function.

A coding variant of the PAX4 transcription factor (p.Arg192His) is uniquely associated with Type 2 Diabetes in East Asian populations. Here, the authors show that two different coding gene variants of PAX4, p.Arg192His and the newly identified p.Tyr186X, can influence pancreatic beta cell development, identity, and function.

Hierarchical compartmentalization responding to changes in intracellular and extracellular environments is ubiquitous in living eukaryotic cells but remains a formidable task in synthetic systems. Here the Authors report a two-level compartmentalization approach based on a thermo-responsive aqueous two-phase system comprising poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and dextran.

Many biopharmaceuticals exhibit mixed heterogeneity in their post-translational modifications (PTMs) that are essential for their function. Here the authors use a combination of mass spectrometry techniques to analyse human erythropoietin (EPO) and properdin to discover new PTMs on properdin and derive a biosimilarity score for various sources of EPO.

Lithocholic acid is one of the metabolites upregulated during calorie restriction, and treatment of mice, worms and flies with this bile acid alone can reproduce the health benefits of calorie restriction.

LipidIN is an advanced framework designed for flash platform-independent lipid annotation. Featuring a comprehensive 168.5-million lipid fragment library with the intelligent models, LipidIN improves annotation accuracy, speed, and coverage.

An ultrasound-responsive short antimicrobial peptide incorporating diphenylalanine sequences exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and negligible toxicity.

The authors identify one emerging H2N2 AIV, reveal the molecular basis of human-type receptor binding of the H2N2 AIV and pandemic strains, and evaluate the public risk of H2N2 AIV by its infection, transmission and mammalian-adaptation features.

Understanding the structure-stability relationship of catalysts is imperative for the development of high performance electrocatalytic devices. Here the authors use operando attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy to quantitatively monitor the evolution of Cu single-atom catalysts in electrochemical CO2 reduction.

In this work Qiu et al. demonstrate that the application of van der Waals technology to STM/STS will dramatically expand the capabilities of the latter, allowing STM/STS to investigate the structure, electronic properties and magnetism of 2D magnetic insulators at the atomic scale.

This work offers a convenient method (solvent-assisted dispersion) for assembling liquid metals with MXene and other low-dimensional materials, paving a path for the development of multifunctional soft devices.

While water-splitting electrocatalysts enable energy storage in carbon-neutral fuels, a recent challenge has been the discovery and understanding of catalyst active sites. Here, authors find domain boundaries in MoS₂ materials to present high-activity, stable, and scalable sites for H₂ evolution.

The commercialization of light-emitting diodes based on emissive quantum dots (e.g. QLEDs) is hindered by their inherent poor operational lifetime. Using an intelligent energy-level design strategy, Qian et al. demonstrate QLEDs with operational lifetime that meets industrial display standards.

In plant immunity, sensor NLR resistosomes can generate heterotrimer complexes comprising the helper NLR NRG1, and investigation of cryo-EM structures shows the mechanisms of these heterotrimers in immune activation and suppression.

Fungal siderophores are biosynthesised by nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) with highly unusual domain architectures. Here, the authors characterise cryptic programming events occurring within SidC NRPS, responsible for ferricrocin biosynthesis in Aspergillus nidulans.

TAD hierarchy demonstrates cell-to-cell variability, leading to the development of numerous callers. Here, authors present a comprehensive benchmark of TAD hierarchy callers and introduce the ‘air conditioner’ model to illustrate TAD hierarchy’s role in transcription.

Polyester waste is increasingly accumulating in the environment, and alcoholysis recycling offers a sustainable management solution. This study demonstrates the use of an oxygen vacancy-rich catalyst to transform waste blended polyester/textiles into high-value monomers.

A key feature of the evolutionary transformation of grass cell walls is the cross-linking of interwoven arabinoxylans via ferulate units. This study discovered an unexpected sucrose ferulate cycle that mediates the feruloylation of arabinoxylan.

Phox homology (PX) domains are membrane interacting domains that bind to various lipids. Here authors screen all human PX domains systematically for their phospholipid preferences and define four classes and provide the basis for defining and predicting functional PX-membrane interactions.

The complex and diverse molecular architectures along with broad biological activities of ent-kauranoids natural products attract increasing interest from synthetic chemists. Herein, the authors report the enantioselective total syntheses of C-19 oxygenated enmein-type ent-kauranoids, including (–)-macrocalyxoformins A and B and (–)-ludongnin C.

Heteroatom substitution in SAC’s first coordination boosts activity but weakens stability, limiting its practical application. Here, authors show that doping O in secondary shell enhances catalytic durability (>240 h) and Fe^IV = O activity (41.6-fold), resolving the activity-stability trade-off.

Deep wounds with severe bleeding are a prominent cause of preventable deaths. Here, Shahriar et al. report a bicomponent nano- and microfiber aerogel that effectively halts bleeding in deep junctional wounds, outperforming FDA-approved hemostatic materials in a lethal swine model.

While Pd₂L₄-type coordination cages tend to form interlocked dimers, isolation and characterization of both the cage and its interlocked dimer is very challenging. Herein, the authors report the synthesis and solvent-mediated interconversion of highly soluble phenoxazine-based monomeric cage and corresponding interlocked dimer.

This work proposes a wireless inductor-capacitor chemical sensor with self-humidity compensation for real-time and accurate ammonia detection, providing a significant tool for individually rationalizing strategies toward various applications.

Here the authors developed an open-source program (DRfold) for RNA tertiary structure prediction from sequence. Through a unique combination of end-to-end learning and geometry restraint guided simulations, the method demonstrates advantage over peer methods.

Copy number alterations occur frequently in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Here, the authors identify copy number amplification of the role of FAD synthase enzyme (FLAD1) in TNBC and mechanistically demonstrate that this amplification drives tumorigenesis by increasing lipid metabolism via a FLAD1/LSD1/SREBP1 axis.

The dendrite growth and parasitic reactions on Zn anodes pose significant challenges for the application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Here, the authors report a versatile quasi solid-state polymer electrolyte engineered with abundant ion transport channels for enhanced zinc ion battery performance.

RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription factories play a central role in gene expression and 3D chromatin organization. Here, the authors demonstrate that RUVBL2 directly regulates Pol II clustering at active gene promoters.