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Results from integrative population-based investigations indicate co-occurring types of clonal hematopoiesis are highly enriched and markedly increase blood cancer risk, highlighting new opportunities for early detection and targeted surveillance of high-risk individuals.

Global analysis of obesity trends from 1980 to 2024 in 200 countries and territories using data from 4,050 population-based studies reveals that framing obesity as a single global epidemic masks the highly varied dynamics across countries and age groups.

PDS5B, a cohesin regulatory protein, is shown to bind DNA and enhance the RAD51 recombinase in the promotion of DNA strand exchange and protection of DNA from MRE11 RAD50-NBS1. Here the authors use biochemical and cellular analyses to reveal that DNA binding by PDS5B is essential for DNA damage repair and the preservation of stressed DNA replication forks.

This study reconstructs Earth’s temperature over the past 539 million years by integrating rock chemistry and climate models, showing that global temperatures remained within ~10–30 °C, challenging ideas of anomalously high early Paleozoic climates.

Researchers introduce 4Pi-BRAINSPOT, an interferometric single-molecule imaging method enabling sub-15-nm 3D imaging of protein distributions in 50-μm mouse brain slices, revealing nanoscale dendritic spine organization and morphology.

An electrothermal fluorination methodology has been developed to transform granular activated carbon-sorbed aqueous film-forming foam waste into graphene and a fluorinating reagent, subsequently enabling lithium recovery from brine sources.

This study reports highly selective Li⁺Mg²⁺ separation via concentration gradient-driven transport using negatively charged membranes with high charge content. The separation mechanism involves selective partitioning of Li⁺ ions into the membrane and uphill transport of Mg²⁺ ions. Bench-scale diffusion dialysis experiments with model brine solutions demonstrate effective monovalent/divalent ion separation.

Research on perovskite solar cells shows that scaling up production will require faster, more reliable film-making methods. This work introduces a simple high-rate process that forms high-quality wide-bandgap films for efficient single-junction and tandem devices.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Higher-order interactions are shown to contribute to the decrease in species diversity from low to high latitudes in global forests, potentially explaining why this intricate phenomenon cannot be adequately explained by pairwise interactions alone.

Highly axial lanthanide complexes with strong magnetic anisotropy are attractive candidates for high-performance single-molecule magnets. Now dysprosium(III) and terbium(III) homoleptic bis(stannolediide) complexes have been synthesized, with the dysprosium compound exhibiting a high energy barrier to relaxation and a high blocking temperature. Access to a rare divalent Dy(II) analogue displaying magnetic anisotropy has also been demonstrated.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

Response to vagus nerve stimulation cannot currently be predicted, leaving many children to undergo implantation without benefit. We present a deep representation learning model using preoperative T1-weighted MRI to predict treatment response.

High-latitude soils are future soil organic carbon loss hotspots, with losses dominated by particulate organic carbon (POC). The fraction of POC in total SOC (f_POC) is a key indicator, emphasizing the climate importance of preserving POC.

Interferometric scattering microscopy combined with photoluminescence imaging enables the fast, high-throughput screening of size and quantum yield for thousands of perovskite nanocubes at the single-particle level across their entire life cycle.

Exfoliated flakes of van der Waals materials embedded in tailored electromagnetic environments can form intrinsic optical self-cavities, but the influence of this effect on their nonlinear optoelectronic properties at THz frequencies remains unexplored. Here, the authors report self-cavity-induced Purcell enhancement of directional edge photocurrents in WTe₂.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

Peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer is often accompanied by the accumulation of ascitic fluid. Here, the authors find that ascites protects ovarian cancer cells against ferroptosis, thus enabling their spread in the peritoneum.

Bioactivity-guided isolation of specialized metabolites is an iterative process. Here, the authors demonstrate a native metabolomics approach that allows for fast screening of complex metabolite extracts against a protein of interest and simultaneous structure annotation.

Ultra-high-capacity Li–air batteries have low Coulombic efficiency and degrade during re-charging, resulting in a poor cycle life. Redox mediators enable improvements but only at undesirably high potentials. The origin of this high potential and the impact of purported reactive intermediates has now been elucidated by resolving the charging mechanism using Marcus theory.

Genomic analyses of DNA from modern individuals show that, about 800 years ago, pre-European contact occurred between Polynesian individuals and Native American individuals from near present-day Colombia, while remote Pacific islands were still being settled.

Engineered blood clots using rapidly crosslinked red blood cells form within seconds, greatly improving toughness and adhesion while effectively stopping bleeding and enhancing tissue repair.

The influence of Li occupancy on electro-chemomechanical stability in Co-free Ni-rich layered oxides for Li-ion batteries has been overlooked. Here, authors investigate different Li structural units in the oxide lattice and show that tuning the Li occupancy improves battery cycling stability.

ANARCII utilises a language model approach to enable alignment free numbering of antigen receptors with improved consistency over existing methods as well as generalisation to novel species and sequence formats.

Low-cost conversion cathodes are promising for future all-solid-state battery technology, but their poor electronic and ionic conductivity restrict reactions to three-phase boundaries. By using mixed ionic–electronic conductors, conversion reactions can be initiated at two-phase boundaries, resulting in enhanced discharge capacity and lifespan.

Dutta et al. demonstrate that the tumor suppressor complex BRCA1–BARD1 physically interacts with the RNA–DNA helicase Senataxin (SETX) and upregulates the activity of SETX to resolve harmful R-loops crucial for the avoidance of transcription–replication conflicts.

The anti-CRISPR protein AcrVA2 specifically interrupts Cas12a biogenesis by triggering co-translational mRNA degradation.

Here the authors compare genetic testing strategies in rare movement disorders, improve diagnostic yield with genome analysis, and establish CD99L2 as an X-linked spastic ataxia gene, showing that CD99L2–CAPN1 signaling disruption likely drives neurodegeneration.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

Mechanical modulation of protein conformation enables the reversible induction of strong plasmon-coupled circular dichroism in otherwise achiral plasmonic assemblies.

A high-resolution spectroscopic analysis reveals ultralow amounts of heavy elements in the star SDSS J0715−7334. The star originates from the Large Magellanic Cloud and probably formed directly after the first stars through dust cooling.

Garnet-type LLZO electrolytes are considered among the most promising solid-state electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries; however, numerous challenges need to be addressed before they are integrated into a cell. By precipitating amorphous zirconium oxide onto grain boundaries, increased ionic conductivity is observed and dendrite growth is suppressed.

The Mouse Cancer Cell line Atlas (MCCA) provides major advances towards a mechanistic understanding of cancer genomes.

An autonomous closed-loop framework combining machine-learning-driven materials discovery with an automated manufacturing platform is introduced for the highly reproducible production of perovskite solar cells that demonstrate high power conversion and certified maximum power point tracking efficiencies.

A single InP/InGaAs transistor exploits carrier-feedback amplification to achieve a voltage-tunable temperature coefficient of resistance exceeding the limits of conventional materials.

Tissue stiffness mediated by Piezo1 is shown to regulate the expression of diffusive guidance cues in the developing Xenopus laevis brain, revealing a crosstalk between mechanical signals and long-range chemical signalling.

The genomewide meta-analysis of lumbar spinal stenosis LSS identifies 73 previously unreported loci in addition to 15 known loci and highlights spinal degeneration as a key pathogenic mechanism. Overall, the findings expand knowledge of the genetic background of LSS.

Cytoplasmic dsRNA co-localizes with TDP-43 inclusions in Alzheimer’s disease brain cells, driving neurotoxic interferon signaling. JAK inhibitors and TYK2 blockade rescue this toxicity, identifying TYK2 as a target for TDP-43-linked AD and ALS.

Morphological and stable isotope analysis of Early Triassic lycophyte leaves suggest they were similar to extant Isoetales and thus may have made use of crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis—a trait that may have been advantageous during the Permian–Triassic mass extinction.

The development of solid-state Li-metal batteries has been limited by Li plating and stripping rates and the formation of dendrites at relevant current densities. Single-phase mixed ion- and electron-conducting garnet with comparable Li-ion and electronic conductivities is now proposed to tackle these issues.

The study identifies novel genetic variants linked to core cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer’s Disease biomarkers using a genome-wide analysis, showing how endophenotypes can identify genes and disease mechanisms not captured by case-control studies.

The authors resolve 63 structurally diverse haplotype structures for the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome region. Deletion risk differs depending on structure; individuals of African ancestry are enriched for inverted repeats that predispose to inversion.

Sulfation helps shape cartilage, bone and other biological functions. Here, the authors identify MESH1 as the 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate-degrading enzyme that controls sulfation in animals and show that blocking MESH1 restores sulfation-linked defects, revealing a potential therapeutic target.

The article demonstrates that pristine carbon fibers can bend and act like micro-tweezers when stimulated wirelessly by bipolar electrochemistry, offering a simple approach to creating actuators for soft robotics and micromechanics.

Marwitz et al. demonstrate the use of large language models to build semantic concept graphs from materials science abstracts and train a machine learning model to predict emerging topic combinations from historical data. They show that the model enables experts to find suggestions that can inspire new research.

Neuroinflammation triggers DNA damage and subsequent parthanatos-mediated neuron death. Inhibiting parthanatos in a mouse model of autoimmune inflammation is neuroprotective and reduces disease-associated paralysis.