Search

Stacking XA48-mediated effector-triggered immunity with XA21-mediated pattern-triggered immunity in Oryza sativa japonica reconstitutes the broad-spectrum resistance from wild rice.

Long-lived trapped-ion entanglement over 10 km of spooled fibre reaches the threshold where establishment exceeds loss, providing a critical building block for scalable quantum repeaters.

Air purification could avert 60 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from wildfire-related fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and 2.2 billion DALYs from all-source PM_2.5 globally, according to a global assessment integrating health gains and economic feasibility.

The human LRP8 protein is a receptor for yellow fever viruses (YFVs). Knockdown of the mosquito orthologue reduces YFV infection in mosquitoes, whereas overexpression of human LRP8 aggravates YFV infection in mice. Purified LRP8 protein blocks YFV infection.

Some cancer patients first present with metastases where the location of the primary is unidentified; these are difficult to treat. In this study, using machine learning, the authors develop a method to determine the tissue of origin of a cancer based on whole sequencing data.

Selective activation of aliphatic C–H bonds in complex polycyclic terpenoids remains a significant challenge. Now a bacterial P450 enzyme has been shown to achieve precise functionalization of inert C–H sites in pentacyclic triterpenoids, unveiling a distinctive relay-oxidation pathway mediated by 1,5-hydogen atom transfer and establishing a versatile chemo-enzymatic platform for accessing previously unexplored chemical space.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

Functional and structural characterization of PtmA2 reveals that it is an unusual non-adenylating acyl-CoA ligase and part of a system wherein the canonical acyl-CoA ligase reaction is separated into two half-reactions performed by distinct enzymes.

N-desethyl-fluornitrazene is a µ-opioid receptor agonist derived from nitazenes that has supramaximal intrinsic efficacy that produces analgesia with minimal adverse effects in rodent models.

In the nonpivotal stage 1 of the randomized phase 3 PRESERVE-003 trial, patients with immunochemotherapy-resistant metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer without actionable genomic alterations treated with the next-generation, pH-sensitive anti-CTLA-4 agent gotistobart had encouraging overall survival outcomes compared to docetaxel.

A deep learning framework integrates protein language models, protein interactions and domains, medical knowledge graphs and electronic health records to map variants to phenotypes.

Efficient and precise measurement of electromagnetic signals is critical for both fundamental science and practical applications, yet traditional techniques often face inherent constraints in multi-parameter optimization. Here, the authors experimentally realize a quantum demodulator using two heteronuclear ions, achieving inverse-quartic and inverse-quadratic temporal scaling for frequency and amplitude estimation, respectively, thereby highlighting the power of reinforcement learning in advancing quantum sensing technologies.

Radical C(sp³)–C(sp³) bond formation with stereocontrol is challenging. Now, photoredox catalysis and repurposed thiamine-dependent enzymes are combined to couple cinnamyl aldehydes with benzylic radicals, yielding enantioenriched carboxylic acids bearing one or even two stereocentres.

China’s natural forests became increasingly fragmented from 1990 to 2020, driven largely by expanding tree plantations and their interactions with logging, cropland change, and elevation, based on national mapping of structural and connectivity metrics.

Spatial CRISPR screens probe the functional impact of mutations within intact tissues. Here, authors present Spatial Perturb-Seq, a technology that localizes CRISPR perturbations and cell identities in situ, uncovers communication between cells, and shows how genes act beyond their cellular borders.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

Nature contains a variety of mechanostable proteins, which all bear extensive hydrogen-bond networks within their β-sheet architectures to sustain high stability under stress. Now through integrating AI-guided design alongside MD simulations and by maximizing hydrogen bonds in β strands, SuperMyo proteins with nanonewton mechanical stability and thermal resilience up to 150 °C were created.

While blue space has been linked to metabolic health, research has primarily focused on water quantity rather than quality. This study finds that lower water coverage and higher exposure to black-odorous water increase risk of metabolic syndrome.

This study reveals that Amphotericin B activates glucocerebrosidase to remodel late endosomal lipid and protein composition, promoting respiratory viral entry. This highlights a risk of secondary viral infections during antifungal therapy.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Black hole (BH) masses can be estimated from tidal disruption events (TDEs). Here, the authors show that AT 2018cqh, a TDE, exhibits unusual X-ray characteristics consistent with a TDE scenario involving an intermediate-mass BH.

Sea urchin spines show exceptional mechanoelectrical sensing from gradient structures and can be replicated in 3D-printed mimics for underwater sensing.

Antibacterial activity of Questiomycin A against Mycobacterium tuberculosis via direct targeting of FabD, effective against drug-sensitive and drug resistant strains.

This study uses two large fundus cohorts to show that retinal foundation models generalize well across populations but exhibit age-related fairness gaps. It highlights how pre-training data composition shapes model generalisability and fairness.

Stem cell therapy for retinal degeneration shows promise but waning efficacy. Here, authors show that grafted hNPCs remodel in the degenerating retina, with reduced graft-host communication and trophic signaling, highlighting the importance of the host environment for long term efficacy.

Global Burden of Disease estimates show that between 1990 and 2023, the prevalence and burden of drug use disorders, inclusive of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use, have been increasing in high-income countries, particularly in the USA.

An atlas of candidate cis-regulatory DNA elements (cCREs) in the adult mouse brain unravels the transcriptional regulatory programs that drive the heterogeneity and complexity of brain structure and function.

An in situ computational spectrometer, implemented on a fully integrated 576-Kb memristor chip, can reconstruct a single spectrum in 125.0 ns and consumes only 6.7 nJ of energy, achieving software-equivalent accuracy.

The rapid expansion of 3D molecule generation models underscores the need for reliable conformation evaluation. Here, the authors present a fast two-stage framework that detects atomic and torsional errors with quantum-mechanical accuracy.

A high-resolution, global atlas of mortality of children under five years of age between 2000 and 2017 highlights subnational geographical inequalities in the distribution, rates and absolute counts of child deaths by age.

The interaction between immune cells and the peripheral nervous system during the progression of vascular diseases is poorly understood. Here, the authors use a mouse model of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) and show that Tenascin (Tnc)-positive myofibroblasts originate from adventitial fibroblasts and promote activation of sensory nerves and CCL-2-dependent accumulation of macrophages to drive inflammation and vascular remodeling.

This study reveals an sRNA-centered signaling pathway that activates nitrate respiration and enhances Cronobacter sakazakii virulence in oxygen-limited host environments, offering important insights into therapeutic strategies.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

The coronavirus proofreading exoribonuclease (ExoN) is a major cause of viral resistance to nucleotide analog (NA) antivirals. Here, the authors reveal how different NAs are recognized by ExoN, shedding light on improved anticoronavirus drug design.

Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) was identified as a synthetic-lethal target in p53-deficient cancers through alterations in double-stranded RNA accumulation. A covalent small-molecule inhibitor of TDG exhibited potent efficacy against p53-deficient tumors.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.