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The cellular makeup of the primate cochlea, crucial for hearing, remains poorly understood. Here, authors show a detailed map of primate cochlear cells, revealing both conserved and species-specific features.

Tuning of metal atom coordination in dual atom catalysts remains challenging. Here, axial dual Fe-Co atoms are incorporated into a COF and N-doped graphene, as bifunctional oxygen catalyst. The axial Fe-Co orbital coupling optimizes orbital energy levels enhancing its electrocatalytic performance.

Fabrication of fully stretchable organic light-emitting diodes incorporating an intrinsically stretchable exciplex-assisted phosphorescent layer along with MXene-contact stretchable electrodes is described, demonstrating high efficiency and mechanical compliance for applications in next-generation wearable and deformable displays.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Two-electron oxygen reduction reaction for hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis is hindered by slow proton-feeding kinetics. Here, authors report bio-inspired B coordinated Ni-based metal-organic frameworks to accelerate water dissociation, achieving industrial-level hydrogen peroxide production.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

It is challenging to design membranes for oil-water separations due to unfavorable pore structures. Here, the authors use an electrohydrodynamic strategy, designing a membrane with a stem-leaf architecture to separate oil-water emulsions.

Mi et al. report epitaxial surface coverage of single CsPbBr3 quantum dots with size ranging from 3.6 nm to 14 nm using low steric ligand tails with attractive π-π stacking, leading to nearly non-blinking single photon emission with high purity of 98% and photostability over 12-hour irradiation.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

An asymmetric organocatalysis strategy is used to control pyramidal nitrogen chirality and to synthesize the enantioselective N-chloroaziridines with a configurationally stable nitrogen stereogenic centre.

Proton-coupled electron transfer reactions are key steps in electrocatalysis. Here the authors introduce a computational method to model such processes including nuclear quantum effects under a grand canonical constant electric potential.

Linear scaling relationships often hinder the optimization of heterogeneous catalysts. Now, an intermediate spillover strategy is put forward by designing bi-component catalysts, thereby decoupling elementary electron-transfer steps and circumventing linear scaling relationships.

Fuel cells rely on costly and scarce platinum-group metals to catalyse both anodic and cathodic reactions. Here a catalyst consisting of atomically dispersed iridium and phosphorus on carbon is presented, where adjacent iridium and phosphorus sites work as integrative catalytic pairs to synergically boost the performance for the hydrogen oxidation reaction.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by rapid deterioration of liver function in patients with chronic liver disease. Here, the authors show that BTLA expression in CD4⁺ T cells is associated with disease severity and inflammation in hepatitis B virus-related ACLF.

Lipid droplets (LDs) and their membrane proteins play essential roles in many biological processes, but the monolayer lipid membrane of LDs has not been extensively studied due to the lack of suitable molecular probes. Here, the authors report an LD membrane labelling pro-probe called LDM, which, upon activation by the HClO/ClO− microenvironment that surrounds LDs, undergoes a color change and releases LDM-OH probe that binds to LD membrane proteins.

STAG2 is a core subunit of the cohesin complex involved in DNA looping, but its transcriptional targets are largely unknown. Here the authors show STAG2 controls the 3D chromatin structure at the IRF9 locus to restrict IRF9 expression. Loss of STAG2 results in IRF9 activation, which in turn upregulates PD-L1 expression in cancer cells, suggesting a tumor suppressor function in immune evasion.

Circumventing linear scaling relationships in multi-step catalytic reactions is meaningful but challenging. Here, the authors report a method to break this scaling relationship in the oxygen evolution reaction through dynamic regulation of the active site in a Ni-Fe molecular complex catalyst.

Transparent photodetectors based on graphene stacked vertically along the optical axis have shown promising potential for light field reconstruction. Here, the authors develop transparent photodetector arrays and implement a neural network for real-time 3D optical imaging and object tracking.

Realizing electrically-pumped lasing actions in microcavity organic light-emitting diodes requires elucidating the origin of spectrally-narrowed electroluminescence amplification. Here, the authors show that the microcavity induces spatially extended states with polaron-pair like characteristics.

Nanoconfinement effects on changing molecular transport and reaction kinetics in heterogeneous catalysis have been widely recognized. Here, the authors design a core-shell nanocatalyst with aligned linear nanopores to uncover nanoconfinement effects on catalytic activity and adsorption strength by single molecule imaging.

The altermagnet candidate RuO₂ has sparked recent debate in the scientific community regarding its magnetic ground state and the existence of a crystal Hall effect. Here, the authors synthesize high-quality RuO₂ crystals and provide comprehensive measurements to reveal that its magneto-transport properties obey scaling law and align with a non-magnetic semimetal model, challenging the notion of RuO₂ as an altermagnet and refining our understanding of its electronic structure.

To understand the mechanisms of grain size control, researchers experimentally reveal that the molecular module miR396/GRF4 regulates rice grain size by activating brassinosteroid signalling. Modulating miR396/GRF4 or brassinosteroid responses can thus be used to improve crop yield.

Substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) are widely used as bioisosteres for para-substituted phenyl rings, providing improved pharmacological profiles for drug candidates, but strategies for the preparation of chiral BCPs remain limited. Now a route to chiral bridge-substituted BCPs has been developed via a nitrogen-atom insertion-and-deletion strategy, enabling a practical avenue towards chiral BCP bioisosteres of lomitapide.

Designing efficient redox mediators for solar-to-fuel conversion is a challenge, requiring multi-electron transfer, suitable redox potential, and stable pH buffering. Here, the authors report polyoxometalate-based mediators with defect engineering, enabling reliable solar-to-fuel conversion.

Electrocatalysts and assembled gas diffusion electrodes frequently exhibit discrepancies in selectivity during H₂O₂ electrosynthesis. Here, the authors report the pivotal role of key species transport beyond the intrinsic properties of electrocatalysts in dictating electrode-scale H₂O₂ selectivity.

Pd-exchanged zeolites are widely studied as passive NO_x adsorber materials for emission control for combustion engines. Here, Yue Peng and colleagues reveal that a relatively strong metal-support interaction between Pd and Ce_0.25Zr_0.75O₂ leads to two oxidation states of Pd optimizing NO_x storage efficiency and NO_x release temperature.

A deep learning algorithm shows promising performance in predicting progression to diabetic retinopathy in patients, up to 5 years in advance, potentially providing support for medical treatment decisions and indications for personalized screening frequency in a real-world cohort.

This study highlights the role Polar regions as a limiting factor in global sustainability due to teleconnection effects, and then propose a SDG target, key indicators, and emphasize Indigenous inclusion and global action.

Dou et al. report photo-induced long-lived polar states in octahedral copper-based hybrid perovskites with Jahn-Teller distortion. These states arise from reversible light-induced slow structural deformation induced by polar lattice microstrain formation.

Selective hydrogenation of quinolines with easy-to-handle hydrogen donors and cost-effective catalysts is desirable. Here electrocatalytic quinoline hydrogenation to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines is reported with water over a fluorine-modified cobalt.

How pulsed electrolysis impacts the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction remains unclear. Here, authors present a molecular-level picture on the complex interactions between cathode surfaces, adsorbates, and local reaction environment to elucidate the promotional effect of pulsed electrolysis.

Manipulating the carbon-carbon coupling pathway in CO₂ electroreduction is vital yet challenging. Here, by studying two model copper-based catalysts with distinct ethylene and ethanol selectivity, authors investigate the mechanistic origins for symmetric and asymmetric carbon-carbon coupling.

Nanoconfinement effects are crucial in any process that involves porous materials. Here, the authors present a nanoporous catalyst platform that enables these effects to be studied in situ at the single-molecule and single-particle level with turnover resolution.

Highly selective electrocatalytic semi-hydrogenation of alkynes over a noble-metal-free catalyst is highly desirable. Here, authors synthesize sulfur-containing copper nanowire sponges for selective electrocatalytic alkyne semi-hydrogenation using water as the hydrogen source.

The Mass Spectrometry Query Language (MassQL) is an open-source language that enables instrument-independent searching across mass spectrometry data for complex patterns of interest via concise and expressive queries without the need for programming skills.

In laser-driven inertial fusion, finding optimal driving pressure is a major challenge. Here, the authors use a 100 kJ SG laser and a hybrid-drive scheme to demonstrate such driving pressure with the help of the direct-drive laser such that the indirect-drive radiation ablation pressure is turned into a well-smoothed hybrid-drive pressure much greater than the radiation ablation pressure.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction represents an opportunity to generate ammonia under ambient conditions, yet the efficiency has been limited by the large overpotential required. Here, a Ru–Co alloy demonstrates a three-step relay mechanism involving a spontaneous redox step that reduces the overpotential for the process.

Garlock and colleagues analyze 57 aquaculture systems worldwide on 88 metrics that measure social, economic, or environmental outcomes. They find significant variation in the degree of sustainability in different aquaculture systems, and weak performance of some production systems in some dimensions provides opportunity for innovative policy measures and investment to further align sustainability objectives.

A metal–organic framework (MOF)–pillar[5]arene hybrid can bind small molecules with long alkyl chains, such that single-crystal structures of the host–guest complexes can be obtained and therefore small molecular structures determined.

While MXene-based composites have been reported as promising materials for photothermal conversion, their opaque appearance limits applications. Here, authors demonstrate visible-light transparent and UV-absorbing composite films by vacuum pressing solution blends of MXene with polyethylene.

High-temperature hydrocarbon conversions often face issues like coke buildup and catalyst deactivation. Here, the authors show a general approach: balancing key reaction steps to achieve coke-free processes, exemplified in a 1000-hour coke-free dry reforming of methane process by optimizing C-H activation and C removal steps.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures reveal the mechanisms underlying multiple-substrate specificity, coupling of epoxidation with carboxylation and allosteric motions during VKGC catalysis, offering potential strategies for targeting haemostatic and non-haemostatic disorders associated with defects in γ-carboxylation.

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy enables label-free chemical imaging at high speed, but has been limited by low sensitivity. Here, the authors demonstrate plasmon-enhanced SRS microscopy and achieve single molecule detection sensitivity.

Here, the authors report large photothermal nonlinearity mediated by anapole states within subwavelength Si nanodisks, offering a mechanism for dynamic tuning of far-field radiation from multipolar modes. Nonlinear scattering is used to demonstrate the potential for far-field optical localization of Si nanostructures.

Terminal Co^IV-oxo species are key intermediates in various cobalt-mediated oxidation reactions, but little is known about their chemical properties. Here the authors generate and isolate a mononuclear non-haem Co^IV-O complex and analyse its structure and reactivity towards a range of catalytic transformations.

Inelastic hydrogen atom scattering from surfaces provides a good benchmark for the validity of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation in surface chemistry. Now it has been shown that hydrogen atoms colliding with a semiconductor surface can efficiently excite electrons above the surface bandgap, representing a clear example of the failure of the approximation.