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Fresh basaltic glass preserved in a sample of volcanic breccia record a single eruptive event at the Alpha Ridge around 90 Ma, suggesting that parts of the ridge were emergent during the final stages of magmatism in the High Arctic Large Igneous Province, according to geochemical and geochronological analysis of the sample.

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 affects both muscle and neuronal function, but its synaptic pathology is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that upregulation of FasII (NCAM1) in both pre- and postsynaptic cells synergistically drives neuropathological and behavioral DM1 phenotypes, which can be rescued by FasII knockdown or specific isoform modulation.

Stable adipocytes resist lipolysis in healthy states but are highly susceptible to a catecholamine-independent, neurosystemic pathway-driven catabolic state.

Magnetic quasiparticles in a doped quantum magnet are shown to be well suited for realizing and exploring the ‘glassy’ states that are predicted to emerge for interacting bosons in the presence of disorder.

Redox-driven sulfur speciation and incremental magma recharge modulate the sulfur emissions and climate impacts of large explosive eruptions, according to investigation of 1257 CE Mount Samalas eruption’s sulfur budget.

How the complex interplay between multiple nutrients within the microenvironment dictates potential sites of metastatic cancer growth is explored.

Aspects of the disordered Bose–Hubbard model, such as the Bose glass–superfluid transition, are still incompletely understood, but this can now be probed in an ultracold atomic gas in an optical lattice using controlled quantum quenches of disorder.

Authors utilise a metabolomics approach to identify microbial-derived metabolites that synergistically inhibit urease activity in Proteus mirabilis, a cause of urease-induced kidney stones. They reveal that two metabolites prevented urinary catheter encrustation and improved antimicrobial efficacy against catheter biofilm.

Hammerhead is a compact high-voltage vacuum bushing designed, simulated, and tested to 330 kV. It significantly increases voltage holdoff per volume compared to other designs and operates stably at 300 kV with leakage current below 10 μA without requiring ultra-high vacuum or polishing.

TDP-43 dysfunction in ALS/FTD causes faulty splicing of the KCNQ2 ion channel, leading to toxic protein buildup, neuron hyperactivity and a potential new biomarker and treatment target using RNA-based therapies.

Cancer immunotherapy benefits from antibody-lectin chimeras that block glyco-immune checkpoints.

The impact of ACKR3 constitutive activity is unknown. Here, the authors suppress basal ACKR3 activity using inverse agonistic nanobodies to stabilize an inactive conformation and revealing a role for ACKR3 in basal cell motility.

Analysis of human Robertsonian chromosomes originating from 13, 14 and 21 reveal that they result from breaks at the SST1 macrosatellite DNA array and recombination between homologous sequences surrounding SST1.

Engineering of local Anopheles gambiae under containment enables the generation of a transgenic strain equipped with non-autonomous gene drive capabilities that robustly inhibits genetically diverse Plasmodium falciparum isolates obtained from naturally infected children.

Kozai, Fernandez-Martinez et al. use high-speed atomic force microscopy to study the permeability barrier of yeast nuclear pore complexes. They show that karyopherins remodel a central plug that shapes barrier dynamics and disorder within the pore.

An ‘intracrine’ signaling mechanism is proposed whereby a G-protein-coupled receptor (free fatty acid receptor 4) senses locally released fatty acids on intracellular membranes associated with lipid droplets to efficiently regulate lipolysis in adipocytes.

CryoEM snapshots of the nitrogenase-like DPOR protein complex captured during turnover reveal that asymmetric conformational changes, substrate recognition, and an interplay between copper and iron sulfur metalloclusters is required for electron transfer.

Tiny Fe-Ni metal blebs from lunar basaltic magma exhibit astonishing nutshell-like microstructures and geochemical features tracing with unprecedented details the full thermal history of shocked lunar meteorites.

This study reveals that epithelial cells can reduce their apical surface area via macropinocytosis to relieve tissue crowding, offering a reversible alternative to cell extrusion and highlighting a new mechanism of tissue remodeling under stress.

Hollow-core fibre technologies provide an exceptional platform for applications in sensing, communications and higher-power pulse delivery, yet these fibres suffer from uncontrolled coupling of polarization modes. Here Fini et al. fabricate a single-moded, polarization-maintaining hollow-core fibre.

Looped trajectories of photons in a three-slit interference experiment could modify the resulting intensity pattern, but they are experimentally hard to observe. Here the authors exploit surface plasmon excitations to increase their probability, measuring their contribution and confirming Born’s rule.

High near-surface nitrogen-fixation rates that promoted the recent growth of the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt were tied to greater upwelling of phosphorus from the equatorial Atlantic, according to coral-bound nitrogen isotope records from the Caribbean.

Replicating intercellular communication in synthetic cells is challenging. Here, the authors report on engineered connexin nanopores that can be controlled with light to exchange distinct chemical signals between synthetic cells, creating programmable communication networks that mimic cellular interactions.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to alleviate pain by reducing inflammation. To the contrary, here, the authors show that selective inhibition of the prostaglandin E2 receptor (EP2) in Schwann cells eliminates pain without disrupting the protective and healing functions of inflammation.

Fluid shear stress plays a role in medulloblastoma metastasis through a PIEZO2-actomyosin-GLUT1 signalling cascade.

Using viral barcode tracing to detect interactions between glioblastoma cells and non-malignant astrocytes in patient samples, investigators discovered a pathway that reduces tumour-specific immunity and identified potential therapeutic targets.

Metamaterials offer optical functionality, such as cloaking, that is impossible to achieve with natural bulk materials. Here, Shi and colleagues fabricate colloidal metamaterials made from silicon whose magneto-optical response considerably exceeds that of related bulk materials.

NextBrain is an open source, probabilistic atlas of the entire human brain, assembled using artificial-intelligence-enabled registration and segmentation methods to reconstruct the multimodal serial histology of five human half brains, and which can be used to automatically segment brain MRI scans into 333 regions.

Here, the authors propose a method for determining the three-dimensional locations of sources that emit extremely brief radio pulses. As an illustration, they demonstrate that a plane flying at an altitude of 8 km through clouds emits short radio pulses exclusively from its two engines and a particular point on the tail.

Metazoans have evolved endocrine systems that signal through dimerized receptors in response to cognate hormones. These authors characterize a nematode homolog of such human receptors, presenting the cryo-EM structure of an asymmetric dimer that embodies properties of the human receptors.

Up to 80% of the global seafloor may have been oxygenated some 1.4 billion years ago, according to molybdenum isotope of manganese- and iron-rich sedimentary rocks that reveal an expanded and prolonged global oxygenation event.

Molecular systems featuring a spin-optical interface offer a promising platform for quantum sensing, thanks to their low-cost synthesis and tunability. Here the authors use pentacene-doped molecular crystals for pressure and temperature sensing with improved temperature and record pressure sensitivities.

An Fe^III/V redox mechanism in Li₄FeSbO₆ on delithiation without Fe^IV or oxygen formation with resistance to aging, high operating potential and low voltage hysteresis is demonstrated, with implications for Fe-based high-voltage applications.

An inverse design strategy is reported for the organization of nanoscale matter using DNA-programmable bonds and the fabrication of hierarchically ordered 3D assemblies.

Improving the manufacturability of perovskite solar cells is key to their deployment. Zheng et al. report a one-step deposition of the hole-selective and absorber layers that addresses wettability issues and simplifies the fabrication process.

Dual-comb spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for broadband high-resolution measurements. Here Bergevin et al. apply this technique to a laser-induced plasma detecting different species in a solid sample with a spectral resolution sufficient to resolve hyperfine splitting of the Rb D₂ line.

The dorsal peduncular area of the mouse brain functions as a network hub that integrates diverse cortical and thalamic inputs to regulate neuroendocrine and autonomic responses.

A proteotoxic stress response specific to exhausted T cells, governed by AKT signaling and accompanied by increased protein translation, represents a mechanistic vulnerability and a new therapeutic target to improve cancer immunotherapies.

Deep-sea mining in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone may release waste into midwaters that support diverse marine life. This study finds such discharges could dilute key food particles and disrupt trophic links from zooplankton to large marine predators.

A major bottleneck for structure determination of oxygen-sensitive proteins by cryoEM is access to instrumentation to maintain an anaerobic environment. Here, the authors have developed a methodology that utilizes a blot-free vitrification device with a sample preparation workflow for high-resolution structure determination of oxygen-sensitive proteins using cryoEM.

Photonic integrated circuits allow laser displays to be flattened into a compact form factor while improving efficiency and colour performance.

Systematic base-editing and computational screens identify specific cysteine residues on VPS35 in the retromer complex as key sensors that decrease mitochondrial translation in response to reactive oxygen species signals.

Nanoscale emitters are useful for measuring biomolecular interactions, but are limited by weak signals. Here, the authors use a photonic crystal surface for 3000-fold signal enhancement, achieving single emitter sensitivity with extended on-time, and demonstrate its application in miRNA biomarker sensing.