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Genomic analyses of DNA from modern individuals show that, about 800 years ago, pre-European contact occurred between Polynesian individuals and Native American individuals from near present-day Colombia, while remote Pacific islands were still being settled.

Polyamines prevent the action of kinases on acidic phosphorylatable motifs in spliceosomal proteins, thus providing a mechanism for metabolite-mediated regulation of alternative splicing in cells.

Breakage of both chromosomal DNA strands creates unique problems for DNA repair. Here, Luthman et al. show that for some broken ends, the two strand breaks are repaired in parallel, while for other ends one strand must be repaired before the other.

De novo and inherited dominant variants in genes encoding U4 and U6 small nuclear RNAs are identified in individuals with retinitis pigmentosa. The variants cluster at nucleotide positions distinct from those implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders.

Including data from 1,047 patients across 19 inflammatory diseases, a new atlas presents a comprehensive model of inflammation in circulating immune cells.

Here, the authors present an update to a widely used curatedMetagenomicData (cMD) database and use it to create a catalog of microbiome-phenotype associations (age, sex, body mass index), and develop an oral enrichment score in the gut microbiome independently of age.

Asteroid 1998 KY26 is the target of Hayabusa2 extended space mission. Here, authors show that it is smaller and rotates faster than known.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Researchers find that whether a person is first vaccinated or first infected with COVID-19 influences their antibody and T-cell responses, offering new insights into how hybrid immunity develops and protects over time.

Sex bias and association with smoking history identified in the landscape of driver mutations and clonal expansions in normal human bladder tissue may explain the higher bladder cancer risk in men and smokers.

The role of the complement system (CS) - part of the immune system - in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains underexplored. Here, the authors evaluate the association of genetic variants in CS-related genes with PDAC risk, and explore their potential role in prognosis and immune infiltration.

Results from the randomized, noncomparative, phase 2 MATISSE trial show that ultra-short neoadjuvant therapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab can prevent surgery and radiotherapy in patients with resectable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, with an early decrease in total lesion glycolysis by [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT associated with response.

Titanium concentrations in zircon crystals reveal a link between the world’s largest copper resources and magmas with very high-water contents.

Matthieu Reymond and colleagues show that natural genetic variants at the SRF3 locus underlie genetic incompatibilities between European and central Asian accessions of Arabidopsis.

Viral infections usually cause disease through direct cytopathogenic effects and excessive inflammatory responses. Here, Olagnier et al. show that two NRF2 agonists, 4-OI and DMF, possess broad IFN-independent antiviral activity and decrease host inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Solitons are nonlinear waves important for fundamental studies of physical processes such as supercontinuum generation or rogue waves and for applications in metrology and optical communications. Here, Blanco-Redondo et al.demonstrate on-chip soliton compression in a silicon photonic crystal waveguide.

NHEJ is the primary repair pathway during class switch recombination. Here the authors show that in absence of NHEJ, Pol θ repairs persistent G1-induced breaks in S-phase resulting in recombination products showing resection and microhomology.

Oat is an important food crop, but the genetic diversity within the gene pool remains unclear. Here, the authors report the analyses of worldwide diversity and population structure of hexaploid oat, and identify signatures of structural rearrangements within the germplasm collection.

Distributions of the multivalent element Europium are used to recover the partial pressure of oxygen from basaltic mantle melt inclusions trapped in plagioclase crystals, suggesting Earth’s mantle is reduced by partial melting.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) onsets in COVID-19 patients with manifestations similar to Kawasaki disease (KD). Here the author probe the peripheral blood transcriptome of MIS-C patients to find signatures related to natural killer (NK) cell activation and CD8+ T cell exhaustion that are shared with KD patients.

The ploidy level of patchouli, an aromatic plant in the Lamiaceae family, remain unclear. Here, the authors assemble a chromosome-level and haplotype-resolved genome for patchouli and reveal that it is tetraploid hybrid as well as compensated aneuploidy.

There is a need forPlasmodium transmission blocking drugs for malaria elimination. Here, Miguel-Blanco et al. screen >10,000 compounds against stage V female gametocytes, identify active compounds belonging to 57 chemotypes and confirm transmission blocking activity of four selected compounds in vitro.

A Bayesian-based analysis of 190 cosmologically distant quasars, photometrically observed over two decades, has revealed the long-expected presence of cosmic time dilation owing to the expansion of space imprinted on their variability.

A series of early-time, multiwavelength observations of an optical transient, AT2022cmc, indicate that it is a relativistic jet from a tidal disruption event originating from a supermassive black hole.

Ultrafast SERS combined with nanopore sequencing allows distinguishing similar nucleotides at the single-molecule level, offering a step towards molecular sequencing with the aid of machine learning.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

Discovery of a nearly complete skeleton of Huayracursor jaguensis, a Carnian dinosaur from the Northern Precordillera Basin in northwestern Argentina provides evidence of increased body size and early cervical elongation during the Late Triassic epoch.

Neutralizing antibody titers in SARS-CoV-2 infected or vaccinated people are an important measure for vaccine development and public health decision-making. Here, the authors develop a fluorescence based SARS-CoV-2 assay to determine neutralizing antibody titers in COVID-19 patient sera in a high throughput set-up.

Diel study revealed fine scale coupling between microbial activity and DOM biogeochemistry in the oligotrophic ocean.

A complementary analysis of DESI DR2 distance measurements along with supernova and CMB data shows consistent, moderate evidence that dark energy changes over time rather than behaving as a simple cosmological constant.

Transmission X-ray microscopy allows for the imaging of magnetic domains in thin film materials. Here, the authors exploit the angular dependence of the magnetic contrast to extract out-of-plane canting angles of stripe domains and topological defects in NdCo₅films buried under a NiFe layer.

Doping carbon nanomaterials with heteroatoms is the most common way to change their catalytic activity. Here, the authors show that the catalytic properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes can be modified by non-covalently encapsulating them within electron-accepting or electron-donating macrocycles to form rotaxane-like structures.