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The selective autophagy receptor p62/SQSTM1 is organized in a structured double helical filament in vitro, the cryo-electron tomographic images in ATG5 knockdown conditions reveal Ca-rich layers of p62 oligomers enwrapping lipid droplets in situ.

The authors report in-situ formation of jarosite witin the Talos Dome ice core (East Antarctica) and show that this ferric-potassium sulfate mineral is present in ice deeper than 1000 meters and progressively increases with depth. This has implications for the presence and formation mechanisms of jarosite observed on Mars.

Micromitophagy is found to occur in plant male germline cells, mediated by ATG5–HSP90.2 signalling, and is evolutionarily conserved in angiosperms. This mechanism underpins paternal mitochondrial elimination and supports the zygote-to-embryo transition.

Kozai, Fernandez-Martinez et al. use high-speed atomic force microscopy to study the permeability barrier of yeast nuclear pore complexes. They show that karyopherins remodel a central plug that shapes barrier dynamics and disorder within the pore.

NMR to resolve the subtype specificity of two peptide ligands for human bradykinin receptors B1R and B2R shows different presentations of the peptide termini toward the receptor and interactions with nonconserved receptor binding-pocket residues.

A label-free, DNA-based proximity ligation assay that uses ligatable staple pairs enables the longitudinal quantification of DNA origami structural stability dynamics in vivo, with single-helix resolution for both wireframe and lattice designs.

The biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) involves binding of the N-terminal leader region of precursor peptides to peptide modifying enzymes and subsequent modification of the C-terminal core. Here, the authors describe the intermolecular protein-protein interactions that guide the post translational modification of atypically large and structured RiPP precursor peptides.

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) plays key roles in regulating multiple signalling pathways. Here, using solid state NMR, the authors report the amyloid structure of mouse RIPK1, formed by an 82-residue sequence centred at RHIM: it adopts an “N”-shaped folding of the protein subunit in the fibril.

Endosomal sequestration of lipid-based nanoparticles is a barrier to delivery of nucleic acids. Here the authors test an array of cholesterol variants and perform in-depth investigation of nanoparticle shape, internal structure and intracellular trafficking.

Here the authors use NMR, SAXS and MD simulations to characterise the structure of proteusin peptides, which are atypically long RiPP substrates. They show a small, unstructured region in the proteusin leader is sufficient for its interaction with a halogenase that brominates the terminal tryptophan residue.

Understanding the impact of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on lithium deposition is crucial for developing high-energy lithium metal batteries. Here, authors elucidate the multi-scale effects of the SEI on lithium deposition behavior based on the established SEI-omics framework.

The conformational heterogeneity of RNA molecules makes their structure determination by X-ray crystallography and NMR challenging. Here the authors show that RNA structures can be solved by cryo-EM and present the structures of a 40 kDa SAM-IV riboswitch in the apo form and bound to its ligand S-adenosylmethionine.

NMR structure determination is challenging for proteins with a molecular weight above 30 kDa and atomic-resolution structure determination from cryo-EM data is currently not the rule. Here the authors describe an integrated structure determination approach that simultaneously uses NMR and EM data and allows them to determine the structure of the 468 kDa dodecameric aminopeptidase TET2 complex.

Maintaining the stability of Ru–based materials in the acidic oxygen evolution reaction remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a fluorination–induced symmetry–breaking strategy that enhances the structural stability of RuO₂, enabling over 1,440 h of continuous operation at 100–1000 mA cm⁻².

The basic features of dopamine release sites are still largely unknown. Here, the authors determine the ultrastructure of fluorescent dopaminergic and glutamatergic synaptosomes in mouse striatum using cryo-correlative light and electron microscopy.

Geminin regulates DNA replication by binding CDT1 and preventing MCM helicase loading. Using a reconstituted system and structural modelling, the authors find geminin inhibits via steric clash with MCM, not by blocking the CDT1–MCM interface. Combined with CDK activity, it fully halts licensing.

The ABC transporter ABCC1 confers resistance to anticancer drugs and mediates physiological functions by exporting diverse substrates. Here, authors determine ten cryo-EM structures of ABCC1 in distinct functional states, providing systematic insights into its substrate recognition diversity and transport dynamics.

Sodium metal is of interest for high-energy-density batteries, but the lack of large-area ultrathin sodium metal foils hinders research. Here a metre-length, ultrathin (≤50 μm), mechanically strengthened sodium metal foil is fabricated by a roll-to-roll calendaring process with interfacial lubrication and functional modification.

Here authors developed a computational method to design complicated all-α structures using typical helix–loop–helix motifs and canonical α-helices, and demonstrated the ability to create complicated all-α proteins.

Small regulatory RNAs can act on target mRNAs to control their translation and stability. Here, the authors present evidence that this riboregulation can potentially regulate by pairing to a target site within translation initiation complex and translation-transcription assemblies.

Authors report cryo-EM structures of AL amyloid fibrils from the kidney of a male patient with renal AL amyloidosis. Comparison to previous heart-derived fibrils reveals variations linked to sequence differences and insights into fibril assembly and organ tropism in AL amyloidosis.

A highly potent and selective small-molecule catalytic inhibitor of the protein lysine methyltransferase NSD2 shows therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer and lung cancer.

Alzheimer’s plaques contain a high amount of Aβ fibrils and a high concentration of lipids. The authors determined structures of Aβ40 fibrils grown in the presence of lipids, revealing high-resolution details of potentially disease-relevant fibril-lipid interactions.

J-domain proteins (JDPs) regulate Hsp70 function and specificity. Here, authors combine functional assays and cryoEM to describe the structure of a dynamic tubular assembly of DNAJA2, a class A JDP, and its stabilizing interdomain interactions.

Strong regional heterogeneity prevents thorough understanding of the recent increase in Antarctic sea ice. Here, analysis of marine and ice cores in the Western Ross Sea shows that late Holocene contrasting sea ice patterns between open and coastal areas are related to katabatic winds and polynya efficiency.

Studying membrane contact sites at high spatiotemporal resolution is still challenging. Here, authors introduce a series of dynamic chemogenetic reporters to visualize these subcellular regions and study the associated calcium signals.

A matrix-confined molecular layer of compact surface coverage and good conductivity is developed as charge transport substrate to fabricate perovskite solar-cell devices with high efficiencies, which shows application potential for scalable production.

Cryogenic electron tomography analysis of Chikungunya virus particle assembly reveals 12 intermediate structural stages during virus assembly/budding at the plasma membrane and shows that non-icosahedral nucleocapsid proteins serve as scaffold to induce icosahedral assembly of the glycoprotein spike lattice. Structural analysis also shows that budding-inhibiting antibodies act by interfering with lateral spike interactions.

An analysis of the evolutionary distribution of predicted structures for the metamorphic protein KaiB using AF-Cluster reveals that both conformations of KaiB were distributed in clusters across the KaiB family.

Proteins rich in phenylalanine-glycine (FG) repeats can phase separate through FG–FG interactions. The molecular interactions of an important FG-repeat protein, nucleoporin 98, have now been studied in liquid-like transient and amyloid-like cohesive states. These interactions underlie the behaviour of FG-repeat proteins and their function in physiological and pathological cell activities.

A series of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)-specific antagonists and extensive structural analysis reveal the open conformation of the receptor and the structural basis of TLR7 antagonism. One of the compounds shows efficacy in treating mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Transcription factors must retain specificity despite recognising a variety of DNA sequences. Here, the authors find that the transcription factor AflR does this by using its structured and disordered regions together to recognise DNA sequences.

TRPC3/6/7 are DAG-activated cation channels. The authors report structures of human TRPC3 in complex with DAG or synthetic activators 4n and GSK1702934A. These results lead to the identification of monoacylglycerols as endogenous activators of TRPC3/6/7 channels.

Monoclonal antibody 2F5 recognizes the membrane proximal external region (MPER) in GP41 and has broad neutralization activity against HIV-1 strains. NMR, EPR and HDX/MS analyses now show that 2F5 extracts MPER from the membrane using a scoop-like movement.

Antarctic ice core records provide insights into past environmental conditions. Here, an abrupt, synchronous increase in dust from ice cores in Antarctica is identified that suggests a sudden equatorward shift of westerly winds and coincides with a reduction in atmospheric CO2.

Here the authors use solid-state NMR in concert with solution NMR and X-ray crystallography to probe the transmembrane signaling mechanism of CitA, a paradigmatic citrate sensing membrane embedded histidine kinase.

Whether all rapid climate events during the last ice age impacted the global carbon cycle is not clearly understood. Ahn and Brook present a high-resolution record of atmospheric CO₂ from Antarctica and suggest that only Greenland stadials associated with massive iceberg discharge influenced atmospheric CO₂.

Acetaldehyde–alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhE) converts acetyl-CoA to ethanol and is a key enzyme in bacterial alcoholic fermentation. AdhE forms spirosomes and, here, the authors present the cryoEM structures of compact and extended E.coli AdhE spirosomes and show that the extended conformation is the catalytically active form of the enzyme and discuss mechanistic implications.

Current treatment options for ovarian cancer are limited to surgery and chemotherapy, but most patients experience recurrent metastatic diseases. Here, the authors develop an antigen–adjuvant combination immunotherapy for ovarian cancer by coupling tumor antigen loaded liposomes with plant virus adjuvant as a vaccine platform to prevent cancer recurrence and metastatic diseases.

Using focused ion beam milling and cryoelectron tomography, Tsuji et al. found actin filaments, with both cofilin-bound and canonical morphologies, within the lumen of human platelet microtubules and reconstituted these structures in vitro.

In multiple sclerosis, smoldering inflammation contributes to clinical progression. Using multi-omics data, here the authors link chronic inflammation to senescence-like processes and cellular network changes, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.

During the last deglaciation, climate changes over Greenland and Antarctica on millennial timescales were asynchronous. A temperature record from the Talos Dome in Antarctica confirms this asynchrony and shows clear regional differences in deglacial warming between the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic sectors of Antarctica.

The authors describe the isolation and characterization of broadly cross-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against diverse H5Nx viruses from individuals who received a monovalent H5N1 vaccine 15 years ago. They identify five mAbs that potently neutralized the majority of H5 clades and protected against lethal 2.3.4.4b H5N1 infection in mice.

Lymph node (LN) metastases after primary treatment may end up with disease recurrence and poor survival rate. Here this group designs a phospholipase A₂ (sPLA₂)-responsive nanosystem delivering doxorubicin for in vivo inhibition of both primary colorectal tumor progression and LN metastasis.

Mauthe et al. find that protein aggregate clearance requires fragmentation of the aggregate by a chaperone module and a proteasomal regulatory particle for recruitment and clustering of selective autophagy receptors to initiate phagophore formation.

Alternative splicing is a widespread mechanism used in the control of gene expression during development. Here, Amrane et al.provide molecular level insights into how the RRM-domain muscle-specific factor SUP-12 interacts with its nucleic acid substrates to direct splicing patterns.

As the atmosphere warms it can hold more water so precipitation is expected to increase. This study uses palaeoclimate data and modelling results to investigate what this means for Antarctic mass balance and sea-level rise, as more snowfall will increase the water stored as ice on the continent.

Immature poxviruses are characterized by nonicosahedral semiordered protein scaffolds critical for morphogenesis. Here, the authors use cryo-EM structures of Vaccinia virus D13 scaffold intermediates to explain their assembly mechanism.