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The study used snMultiome-seq to map gene expression and chromatin accessibility in human central amygdala cells from people with and without AUD. Here, the authors show that inhibitory neurons are most affected, with KLF16-driven regulatory changes and AUD-risk variants disrupting gene activity.

Metal-cation-free CO₂ electroreduction in strong acid minimizes reactant loss and salt precipitation yet struggles with CO₂ activation and hydrogen evolution competition. Here, the authors report bioinspired sharp gold triangles with a proton-blocking layer that polarize CO₂ and suppress hydrogen evolution.

Diagnosis of invasive pulmonary nodules and prediction of tumor invasiveness in lung cancer patients remains challenging. Here, mass cytometry analysis of peripheral blood samples from 1032 patients and a machine learning approach, the SMART platform, allow differential diagnosis and surgical management of small pulmonary nodules.

The authors find that O-GalNAc transferase 2 (GALNT2) restricts viral infection, probably through the regulation of the proteolytic processing of viral glycoproteins via its O-linked glycosylation activity, impairing virus–cell fusion.

The sluggish hydrogen oxidation reaction hinders the development of anion exchange membrane fuel cells. Here, the authors develop high-curvature RuIr CNCs that induce an O-down water orientation, thereby strengthening hydrogen-bond networks and reducing proton transfer barriers.

CELLECT learns contrastive embeddings to enable high-fidelity cell tracking.

Cryogenic conditions limit molecular diffusion, inhibiting self-healing in most molecular systems. Here the authors present an organic molecular crystal capable of autonomous recovery at 77 K due to strong dipole–dipole interactions between aligned molecular layers.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) modulate all aspects of RNA metabolism. Here the authors introduce a method named HARD-AP that effectively isolates RBPs and their closely associated RNA regulatory complexes from both cultured cells and fresh tissues.

Alternative splicing crucially affects various biological processes, however, its function in heart development is largely unknown. Here, the authors show an essential role of alternative splicing factor PTBP1 in ventricular chamber development.

Dextran sulfate sodium is a colitis inducer that stimulates a ROS–Src–IP6K2 signaling axis to generate 5-IP₇, which sterically inhibits PI(4,5)P₂ phosphatases to promote PI(4,5)P₂-mediated E-cadherin endocytosis and epithelial junction breakdown.

Fluid shear stress plays a role in medulloblastoma metastasis through a PIEZO2-actomyosin-GLUT1 signalling cascade.

An ideal thermoelectric material has a large Seebeck coefficient, and a high electrical but low thermal conductivity; however, optimizing all three is difficult. Zhao et al. discover three types of coexisting multi-localization transport behaviours in filled skutterudite materials that aid this optimization.

Solar-driven production of H₂O₂ and chemicals from O₂ and biomass is promising but hindered by inefficient photocatalysts. Here, the authors report composite photocatalysts of atomically dispersed Ta sites for broad-spectrum light absorption and selective biomass conversion in a three-phase system.

Macrovascular invasion (MVI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Here the authors report the results of a phase 2 trial of perioperative tislelizumab (anti-PD1) plus intensity modulated radiotherapy in resectable HCC with MVI.

A multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of problematic alcohol use in one million individuals identified 110 risk variants and shows that multi-ancestry polygenic scores improve risk prediction compared with single-ancestry scores

A genus-level super-pangenome of Avena comprising 35 high-quality genomes from 23 cultivated or wild oat species highlights the evolution of Avena and the landscape of structural variations related to abiotic stress resistance.

Converting plastic waste into single-atom catalysts (SACs) provides both a sustainable approach to waste management and a source of valuable catalytic materials. Here, the authors present a straightforward, scalable method to upcycle plastic waste into diverse porous SACs and showcase their outstanding performance across multiple catalytic reactions.

A manually operated portable water disinfection system can rapidly inactivate pathogens in water, offering a promising approach for safe water treatment in low-resource settings.

Alcohol use disorder drives transcriptional and regulatory changes in the caudate nucleus. Here, authors show, using a single-cell multiomic analysis, cell type-specific disruptions of gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and cell communication.

The mechanisms allowing early disseminated cancer cells colonize other tissues remain largely unknown. Here, authors show that GPRC5A axis drives esophageal squamous cell carcinoma lung seeding and metastasis, in a mechanism resembling trophoblast behavior during embryo implantation.

Shao et al. developed an MRI–pathology-based foundation model to assess the pathology of prostate cancer for diagnosis and grading of tumors. The model is noninvasive and outperforms current pathological assessments.

Polygenic risk prediction in non-European populations is limited by small sample sizes and tuning sets. Here, the authors show that JointPRS improves cross-population prediction accuracy by leveraging genetic correlations without requiring individual-level data.

Here, the authors provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 N protein leads to autophagic degradation of Dicer, XPO5, SRSF3, and hnRNPA3, inducing DNA damage and proteotoxic stress, eventually causing pneumonia. The small-molecule drug PJ34 or anastrozole alleviates N protein-induced pneumonia.

The pulsed electrochemical method, combined with a wood-based electrode, enables the simultaneous reduction of oxygen to generate hydrogen peroxide and the regeneration of Fe³⁺ to active Fe²⁺ for radical production. This approach offers a cost-effective and sustainable electro-Fenton process for wastewater treatment.

The combination of photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment for glioblastoma (GBM). Here this group encapsulates Fe3O4@BiFeO3 into bacterial outer membrane vesicles and M1 macrophage-derived exosomes hybrid membrane for synergistic photo-immunotherapy of GBM.

Catalytic asymmetric dearomatizations of electronically unbiased naphthalenes remains a long-standing challenge in organic chemistry. Here, the authors describe a silver-mediated enantioselective aza-electrophilic dearomatization approach that couples readily accessible vinylnaphthalenes in conjunction with azodicarboxylates to afford chiral polyheterocycles via formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions.

An organic regulator that can tune the crystallization sequence of active layer components has been described, achieving a certified efficiency of over 20% in single-junction organic solar cells, demonstrating remarkable tolerance for active layer thickness of 100–400 nm.

Lack of transparency and standardization in experimental design and performance evaluation hinders the real-world applications of advanced oxidation processes — critical technologies in wastewater treatment. Here, we highlight the common pitfalls in advanced oxidation process research and propose practices to guide future studies.

Developing robust catalysts for proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers is essential for industrial applications. Here, the authors report a Pb-RuO₂ catalyst that uses large-sized Pb to reduce the reactivity of lattice oxygen, enhancing stability and allowing it to operate for over 1100 h.

Turing-structured topology electrocatalysts are reported to control the reorientation of interfacial water through the tuning of surface oxophilicity. The optimal Turing catalyst achieves a formate Faradaic efficiency of 92.0% at 1,000 mA cm⁻².

Although allogeneic chimaeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells can overcome manufacturing bottlenecks for cancer immunotherapy, immune rejection reduces the persistence and efficacy of allogeneic cells. Here, the authors demonstrate that CAR-T cells engineered to be resistant to cyclosporin A show improved engraftment and mediate robust tumour-specific responses in allogeneic recipients.

Hydrogen peroxide is an important industrial feedstock but its synthesis is energy intensive. Now, a highly efficient Ga-N₅ atomic site is reported with a high solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency for direct photocatalysis of water into hydrogen peroxide.

This study provides insights into how shade induces leaf senescence in soybean. The reduction of blue light intensity deactivates GmCRY1s, leading to the degradation of GmRGAs and the upregulation of WRKY100, ultimately promoting leaf senescence.

By combining vector magnetometry and magneto-transport measurements of epitaxial films with different crystallographic orientations, an anomalous Hall effect can be measured in collinear altermagnetic ruthenium dioxide with an anomalous Hall conductivity exceeding 1,000 Ω^–1 cm^–1.