Search

DNA-sequencing data from primary tumours and paired metastases from participants in the TRACERx lung study and PEACE autopsy programme are used to analyse the metastatic diversity of advanced non-small cell lung cancer and the seeding patterns that underpin it.

Neonatal sepsis caused by Escherichia coli is associated with reduced transfer of pathogen-specific maternal antibodies and, in a mouse model, can be prevented by maternal preconceptual colonization with probiotic E. coli.

Massively parallel reporter assays promise rapid in vivo characterization of enhancer AAVs. Here, through systematic testing, authors uncover pervasive technical and biological noise, including chimeric AAV species, that exposes fundamental limitations in pooled enhancer screening.

A single-cell spatial atlas identifies a B cell-predominant microenvironment within the profibrotic tubular niche that marks a subset of patients with diabetic kidney disease with rapid progression.

PTCHD1-AS, which encodes a long non-coding RNA, is associated with the aetiology of autism spectrum disorder in humans through striatal molecular and circuit-level dysregulation.

The formation of chiral structures from achiral building blocks, and the propagation of chirality across length-scales is poorly understood. Here, the authors report the dependency of the terminal chain length and temperature on the formation of diverse chiral phases from achiral mesogenic dimers linked by spacers with an odd number of atoms.

A phylogenetic analysis examined the origins of the first mpox outbreak in Sierra Leone and found evidence of an emerging lineage (G.1) that has likely descended from the Nigerian epidemic and emerged in Sierra Leone months before first detection.

A large-scale study on the replicability of claims from social and behavioural science journals reports that about half of the results replicate in the same patterns as the original study.

How the brain supports speaking and listening during conversation of its natural form remains poorly understood. Here, by combining intracranial EEG recordings with Natural Language Processing, the authors show broadly distributed frontotemporal neural signals that encode context-dependent linguistic information during both speaking and listening..

In this Resource paper, Krummel and colleagues provide analysis of 15 commonly used syngeneic mouse tumor models and compare these to the diversity of human tumor microenvironments.

Restricting or permitting H3K27me3 spreading concentrates or dilutes canonical PRC1 (cPRC1), respectively, which affects three-dimensional chromatin interactions. Disruption of cPRC1 compromises repression of Polycomb target genes and induces differentiation and tumor regression in H3K27M-mutant glioma.

Mitoxantrone is an FDA-approved anticancer drug that also acts as a general inhibitor of group I intron self-splicing. Here the authors show that Mitoxantrone repartitions RNA conformational ensembles rather than simply binding RNA, stabilizing specific GC-rich structures. This reduces 5′ UTR heterogeneity and increases translation efficiency.

Massively parallel reporter assays across five cell types identify thousands of causal, noncoding regulatory variants among 220,000 loci, revealing diverse regulatory mechanisms shaping complex traits and disease.

The authors have applied an eight-tissue rat multi-omic dataset to analyze the gene regulatory landscape of endurance exercise training, identifying tissue-specific regulatory patterns involved in muscle function, metabolism and immune response.

This study describes a novel mechanism of calcium control of metabolism found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space that is entirely independent of matrix Ca²⁺ uptake.

Miyamoto et al. show that human metacognition depends on multiple signals in the anterior lateral prefrontal cortex, whereas in macaques it relies on distributed processing in multiple prefrontal areas.

The identification of cellular targets for natural products that potently inhibit the growth of cancer cell lines implicates oxysterol-binding proteins in the growth of cancer cells. These natural products, termed ORPphilins, also affect sphingomyelin biosynthesis.

The OCTCube models integrate optical coherence tomography and other imaging modalities to achieve state-of-the-art performance in predicting retinal diseases with strong generalizability across cohorts, devices and modalities.

Phylogeographic analysis and ecological niche modelling identify environmental factors associated with dispersal events, range expansion and local circulation risk of Oropouche virus in people in Brazil.

Using nasal brush biopsies from the olfactory region, single-cell profiling revealed neuroimmune alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease detectable at a pre-clinical stage, offering an accessible window into early neurodegenerative disease in humans.

Exposome analyses across 34 countries showed that social exposures were associated with faster functional brain aging and physical exposures with faster structural brain aging.

This study identifies distinct transposable element subfamilies as genetic determinants of stemness properties in normal and leukemic stem populations with clinical implications for patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Humanized glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) mouse models are used to investigate the neural circuitry through which small-molecule GLP1R agonists modulate feeding, with implications for how these orally delivered weight-loss drugs engage brain reward circuits.

This paper identifies the ‘master regulators’ that maintain cell transcriptional states in diffuse midline gliomas and shows that targeting them in combination could represent a promising therapeutic avenue for the disease.

Modular RNA nanostar motifs spontaneously assemble into programmable synthetic condensates in the nucleus and cytoplasm, with RNA design controlling localization, sequence-specific target recruitment and orthogonal assembly.

Here, the authors investigate coffee’s impact on the microbiota–gut–brain axis and assess whether these effects occur independently of caffeine in healthy participants from two clinical trials.

Combining a computational framework and optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulations within and downstream of the cortico-basal ganglia circuit identifies the specific cortico-basal ganglia synapses that drive the acquisition and expression of rapid vocal changes during juvenile song learning.

A pangenome reference for the phenotypically diverse crop sorghum aims to help accelerate future efforts to breed crops that are better adapted to changing environments.

Here the authors perturb genes linked to schizophrenia risk in human neurons. They find that single perturbations share common downstream effects on gene networks, while joint perturbations result in downstream effects being saturated.

An integrated mass spectrometry platform enabling automated collision-, electron- and photon-based fragmentation techniques is presented. A deep learning-based model trained to predict spectra across all dissociation methods further enhances protein identification.

The mechanisms underlying increased cardiometabolic risk from cancer treatment in childhood cancer survivors remain to be explored. Here, epigenome-wide analysis in childhood cancer survivors identified DNA methylation sites that mediate treatment-related cardiometabolic risks and are associated with inflammatory and metabolic pathways.

Divergent white matter metabolic patterns reveal a mechanistic basis for cognitive resilience and enhance prediction of future cognitive decline beyond established aging and dementia biomarkers.

Deconvolution methods infer levels of immune infiltration from bulk expression of tumour samples. Here, authors assess 6 published and 22 community-contributed methods via a DREAM Challenge using in vitro and in silico transcriptional profiles of admixed cancer and healthy immune cells.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

The microtubule–kinesin system is a well-known active matter system. Now it is shown that a microtubule-based active fluid can assemble adhesive non-thermal fibres into a membrane-like structure.

A combination of isotopic labelling, gene silencing, single-nucleus RNA sequencing and comparative transcriptomics reveal the genes that mediate the biosynthesis of cinchona alkaloids in plants.

An exposome-wide association study of 619 exposures and 305 quantitative phenotypes shows that blood lipids, persistent pollutants and vitamin E are key contributors to phenotypic health traits.

In a phase 1 basket trial, the small interfering RNA zodasiran, targeting ANGPTL3, lowered triglycerides in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia and lowered both triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

This study introduces two new measures of brain function at the gray–white matter boundary, revealing distinct patterns of signal transmission and metabolic activity that deepen our understanding of brain organization and development.

Lung adenocarcinomas bearing the ID2 mutational signature display increased LINE-1 retrotransposon activity, which contributes to their fast evolutionary dynamics and aggressive phenotype.

Genetic mechanisms of blood pressure regulation remain poorly defined. Here, the authors perform a kidney multi-omics study to identify 399 kidney effector genes, 11 miRNAs and 97 proteins for blood pressure and hypertension.

The MOUNTAINEER phase 2 trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of tucatinib (HER2-targeted TKI) and trastuzumab (anti-HER2 antibody) in patients with HER2 + , RAS wildtype unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer that had progressed on chemotherapy, resulting in the approval of the regimen. Here, the authors report the updated analysis of the MOUNTAINEER trial.

Humans rely on both learned value and action affordances to decide how to act. This study shows that these systems compete under a dynamic brain controller, with the presupplementary motor area and anterior cingulate cortex guiding which system dominates.