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Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

Rossi and colleagues assemble an in vitro enzymatic pipeline using enzymes from distinct domains of life to recapitulate eukaryotic N-glycosylation. This work advances the synthesis of bespoke glycopeptides with biomedical and biotechnological applications.

Lesion mapping and direct electrical stimulation in neurosurgical patients convergently identify a dorsomedial right frontal network supporting contralateral visuospatial selective attention. Differently, stimulation of ventrolateral pathways impairs attention bilaterally.

Human MATE1 is a key transporter in kidney and liver drug clearance. Here, authors present cryo-EM structures of MATE1 in complex with substrates and an inhibitor, revealing the structural basis of drug recognition.

Typical quantum error correcting codes assign fixed roles to the underlying physical qubits. Now the performance benefits of alternative, dynamic error correction schemes have been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

Observations of a fast X-ray transient reveal that it is a gamma-ray-burst explosion from a very distant galaxy that emits light with the wavelength necessary to drive cosmic reionization, the last major phase change in the history of the Universe.

Colour code on a superconducting qubit quantum processor is demonstrated, reporting above-breakeven performance and logical error scaling with increased code size by a factor of 1.56 moving from distance-3 to distance-5 code.

Tumor-associated neutrophils exhibit heterogeneity in breast cancer. Here, the authors identify a distinct precursor population (PreNeu) in estrogen receptor-positive tumors. PreNeu suppress homologous recombination in cancer cells, promoting error-prone DNA repair and enhancing sensitivity to PARP inhibitors.

Cyber–physical–human systems (CPHSs) integrate layers of physical components, computation and communication, and humans — in smart buildings, for example. This Review addresses the modelling and control of CPHSs, particularly of the human layer using game theory and opinion dynamics.

Polygenic risk scores for Alzheimer’s disease derived from individuals of European ancestry can show improved performance in multiancestry settings after incorporating genome-wide association summary statistics from diverse populations.

Analyses of single-cell transcriptomic data from patients with VEXAS syndrome combined with xenotransplantation experiments in a mouse model of the disease provide insights on the mechanisms of clonal dominance of mutated cells leading to bone marrow failure

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider reports a search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in decays of Z bosons into a τ lepton and an electron or muon of opposite charge.

Hepatitis B and D viruses require docking to the NTCP receptor protein for cell entry, an interaction that can be blocked by the drug bulevirtide. Here the authors use cryo-EM to reveal the structural basis of bulevirtide activity.

A hybrid analogue–digital quantum simulator is used to demonstrate beyond-classical performance in benchmarking experiments and to study thermalization phenomena in an XY quantum magnet, including the breakdown of Kibble–Zurek scaling predictions and signatures of the Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transition.

Tenascin-C (TnC) produced by the fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) is required for MuSC maintenance and function. FAP-secreted TnC signals through Annexin-A2 on the MuSC surface to promote self-renewal and regeneration potential.

Chromosome-level genome assemblies of allotetraploid Coffea arabica and representatives of its diploid progenitors, Coffea eugenioides and Coffea canephora, provide insights into Arabica’s diversification history.

Michael Seldin and colleagues report a genome-wide association study and meta-analyses for primary biliary cirrhosis. They identify three loci newly associated with susceptibility to this autoimmune liver disease.

Thrombospondin-1 (THSB1) is a component of the ECM with a role in regulating cancer development and tumour vasculature. Here, the authors show that TGF-beta-induced THBS1 expression contributes to the invasive behaviour of GBM cells and promotes resistance to antiangiogenic therapy partially through interaction with CD47.

Analyses of the genetic architecture of the human plasma metabolome in two large population-based cohorts identify associations between genetically determined metabolite levels and health.

Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS  experiment at CERN probes its kinematic properties with a significantly larger dataset from 2015–2018 and provides further insights on its interaction with other known particles.

In the non-randomized phase 3b/4 DESTINY-Breast12 study, trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) treatment of patients with HER2⁺ advanced breast cancer and active or stable brain metastases showed consistent intracranial activity and systemic efficacy of T-DXd.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with chronic inflammation, but the genetic basis of the disease remains unclear. Here, the authors report that defects in hepatocyte biliary transporters and subsequent liver inflammation induce genomic alterations that promote HCC in human and mouse.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

The authors describe the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, viral load and the frequency of symptomatic versus asymptomatic and presymptomatic infection in an Italian town, before and after a strict 14-day lockdown.

The chemokine receptor CXCR3-A is expressed in high grade glioma. Here the authors show that CXCR3-A interacts with LPR1, a protein highly expressed in glioma, and this interaction regulates the trafficking of the receptor ultimately impacting on tumour cell migration.

Evolutionarily conserved gene modules mediate neurodegenerative dementia in a variety of mouse models and in postmortem brain tissue from patients.

Primary biliary cirrhosis is an autoimmune liver disease with poor therapeutic options. Here Cordell et al. a perform meta-analysis of European genome-wide association studies identifying six novel risk loci and a number of potential therapeutic pathways.