Search

Here, as part of the Sherlock-Lung study, the authors profile the microbiomes of 940 lung cancers in never smokers finding no significant associations with demographic and clinical features, suggesting lung bacteria are unlikely to have a sizable role in lung cancer.

Photodetection is believed to be among the most promising potential applications for graphene. Here, by combining graphene with plasmonic nanostructures, the efficiency of graphene-based photodetectors is increased by up to two orders of magnitude.

Nonlinear optical processes involving both vibrational and electronic transitions provide valid tools to resolve vibronic coupling in molecules. Here, the authors demonstrate double-resonance three-photon excitations enabling enantio-selective vibronic coupling and modulation of upconverted emission in a chiral medium.

RNA polymerase III transcribes essential non-coding RNAs, but many aspects of this biology remain unclear. Here, the authors develop DRAP3R, a nanopore sequencing method that captures Pol III transcripts and RNA modifications, revealing new RNAs and dynamic modification patterns.

Cas12a3 nucleases constitute a distinct clade of type V CRISPR–Cas bacterial immune systems that preferentially cleave the 3′ tails of tRNAs after recognition of target RNA to induce growth arrest and block phage dissemination.

Activin receptor-like kinase 4 (ALK4) is frequently downregulated or mutated in cancers. Here the authors find that ALK4 loss promotes canonical TGF-β signaling and cancer progression through increasing TGF-β receptor N-linked glycosylation and subsequently stabilizing these receptors at the cell surface.

Metallic clusters with an excess electron beyond a closed shell have very low ionization energies, in analogy to alkali atoms. Here, the authors use select ligands to lower the ionization energy of metallic clusters without changing the number of valence electrons, introducing a route to alkali-like superatoms that is independent of the final shell occupancy.

Here the authors show that tissue-resident memory and exhausted T cells in tumors are distinct populations that are shaped by relative presence or absence of TCR signals, suggesting that a tailored therapeutic strategy is needed to target each subset.

Genomic coupling theory predicts that speciation progress involves the buildup of genomic associations that manifest in aggregate barriers to gene flow. This study develops approaches to quantify genomic coupling and applies them to a rattlesnake hybrid zone.

CaBLAM is a bioluminescent genetically encoded calcium indicator that delivers high-contrast signals as shown in cell culture, in the in vivo mouse brain and in zebrafish larvae.

Variants in the PSMC5 gene impair proteasome function and cellular homeostasis, altering brain development in children. This study reveals underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to this neurodevelopmental phenotype, and suggests therapeutic leads for neurodevelopmental proteasomopathies.

Tokamak walls suffer erosion from steady and bursty heat loads. Here, the authors demonstrate that optimizing 3D magnetic field and cooling gas injection can tame destructive plasma bursts while enabling cooler, safer exhaust conditions.

Emerging fungal pathogens have detrimental impacts on crops, animals, and humans, however little is known about their transition to a pathogenic lifestyle. This study demonstrates that the transition from saprotroph to opportunistic human pathogen is likely facilitated by adaptive translation.

Merlino et al. demonstrate that the cytokine Interleukin-27 contributes to innate antiviral immunity in the placenta and is an important defense against congenital Zika virus infection.

This work investigates changes in regularity of crop failure, heatwave and wildfire exposure for different future climate scenarios. Major shifts in dominant periods are observed when moving from pre-industrial to current climate conditions.

Head movements during eye tracking in fMRI frequently distort gaze signals. This paper presents motion-corrected eye tracking, a method that corrects head motion-induced errors to produce accurate gaze data in fMRI experiments.

Whether electron–phonon coupling is a generic feature in FeSe/SrTiO₃ to enhance superconductivity remains unclear. Here, Zhang et al. report replica bands in FeSe/SrTiO₃(110), suggesting a common mechanism in FeSe on SrTiO₃with different surface terminations.

The variability in clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection is partly due to deficiencies in production or response to type I interferons (IFN). Here, the authors describe a FIP200-dependent lysosomal degradation pathway, independent of canonical autophagy and type I IFN, that restricts SARS-CoV-2 replication, offering insights into critical COVID-19 pneumonia mechanisms.

Sargassum biomass in the north Sargasso Sea declined drastically since 2015, co-occurring with related reductions in the northwest Gulf of Mexico and an expansion of the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt, according to in situ and satellite observations.

An implantable vagus nerve-targeted device safely reduces disease activity and joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis, offering a new nondrug treatment for patients who do not respond to or cannot tolerate medication.

At the ultrafast timescale the propagation of light pulses through a dielectric material is not only determined by the envelope, but also by nonlinear interactions that evolve within one optical cycle. Here, the authors demonstrate a method to determine the subcycle-resolved delay to a probe pulse in ultrafast, high-field pump–probe experiments.

Kathiriya et al. identify a cardiac progenitor lineage with expression of Tbx5 and anterior heart field-specific expression of Mef2c that bisects the intraventricular septum during development and show that alterations in this lineage lead to congenital heart defects in mice.

Understanding the architectural principles shape human brain networks is a major challenge for systems neuroscience. Here, authors show embryogenic age is associated with functional and structural brain architecture and that embryonic age gradients are associated with genes related to nervous system development and vulnerability to neurological disorders.

Components of the glycocalyx have been shown to impair immune cell functions, including of CAR-T cells. Here the authors show that CAR-T cell mediated cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer models can be enhanced by incorporating non-signalling binding domains that target the glycocalyx.

The “Tensions in Cosmology 2025” conference brought together over 130 researchers in Corfu, Greece, to assess the status of the Hubble constant (H₀), structure growth parameter (S₈), and other emerging cosmological anomalies in the era of precision data from DESI, JWST, ACT, and other facilities. This Meeting Report summarizes the main discussions, the new results presented, and their implications for addressing the growing set of tensions with ΛCDM.

How warning colours arise from camouflage is a long-standing puzzle. This study finds that elapid snakes with cryptic upper sides but bright ventral patches often precede aposematism, and these colours co-evolve with behaviours that reveal them.

How the pulvinar represents complex visual information, its functional topography, and its relationship to cortical processing of visually presented objects remains unclear. Here authors show that responses to natural scenes in the human pulvinar reveal organized spatial maps for both low-level visual features, such as local contrast, as well as high-level visual features, such as bodies and faces.

To what extent regeneration recapitulates embryonic development is a longstanding question. Here, they show that embryonic gene modules are re-used, rewired, and interconnected to specific injury-induced down-stream targets during regeneration.

Studying the properties of dense plasmas is challenging due to strong interactions between electrons and ions, and numerical methods overcome this difficulty using a static thermostat. Here the authors predict a strong diffusive ion mode at low energy by including dissipative processes in the model.

This work examines future coastal risks in Europe’s Outermost Regions and Overseas Countries and Territories. By 2150, 3,000 km² could flood yearly, with €5.9 bn in annual damages and 0.5 million people exposed. Mitigation cuts impacts nearly in half, but long-term resilience strategies are needed.

Epigenetic clocks estimate biological age and health risks. Here, the authors compare 14 clocks in 18,859 individuals, showing second-generation clocks better predict disease incidence and mortality, particularly for respiratory and liver-related conditions.

Microflora Danica—an atlas of Danish environmental microbiomes—reveals that although human-disturbed habitats have high alpha diversity, species reoccur, revealing hidden homogeneity.

Gas-phase actinium monofluoride (AcF) has been produced and spectroscopically studied at the CERN-ISOLDE radioactive ion beam facility; the results highlight the potential of ²²⁷AcF for exceptionally sensitive searches of CP violation.

Plasmodium falciparum proteins were engineered to create a nanoparticle vaccine platform capable of displaying multiple antigens at 48 sites. Displaying a designed malaria circumsporozoite protein immunogen on this platform achieves full sterile protection in mice.

PD-1 blockade interferes with the selective expansion and maintenance of high-affinity TCR stem-like clones that have a critical role in effective checkpoint blockade therapy.

By exploiting an optical thermodynamic framework, researchers demonstrate universal routing of light. Specifically, light launched into any input port of a nonlinear array is universally channelled into a tightly localized ground state. The principles of optical thermodynamics demonstrated may enable new optical functionalities.

Here, in a randomized clinical trial, the authors report that an experimental young child formula containing a combination of Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and galacto-oligosaccharides enhances bone and muscle development in early life through modulation of the microbiome.

Möhring et al. assess the expected effects of a global transformation of agricultural pest management. They find positive contributions to multiple sustainability challenges, assess drivers and discuss necessary steps for a transformation.