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A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

Barrios et al. develop a multiview deep neural network to jointly analyze multiple echocardiographic video views, improving detection of cardiac anatomy and function.

Baum et al. present a synthesis of field data, remote-sensed data, media reports and process-based modelling analyses examining the effects of the 2021 heatwave in western North America for 32 terrestrial and marine taxa as well as gross primary productivity, streamflow and wildfire activity.

A genome assembly method called hifiasm (ONT) allows the assembly of chromosomes from telomere to telomere without the need for ultra-long reads, and outperforms conventional methods on most evaluation metrics.

Changing fire regimes, leading to higher likelihood of high severity fire, are having unknown impacts on biodiversity. This study identifies regions of high avian biodiversity and individual bird species predicted to be highly exposed to future high severity.

An inherently explainable AI trained on 1,015 expert-annotated prostate tissue images achieved strong Gleason pattern segmentation while providing interpretable outputs and addressing interobserver variability in pathology.

Amouzgar and colleagues present a deep, single-cell mass cytometry approach to capture canonical and noncanonical cell cycle states using protein, phospho-protein, and DNA labelling measurements for high-throughput, multiplexed cell cycle quantification.

u-Segment3D is a universal framework that translates and enhances 2D instance segmentations to a 3D consensus instance segmentation without training data. It performs well across diverse datasets, including cells with complex morphologies.

Synchrotrons have long been the preferred X-ray sources for crystallography, but competition has arrived with the advent of X-ray free-electron lasers. A synchrotron expert and an advocate of free-electron lasers discuss the prospects of the respective source types for applications in structural biology.

Recent trends within computational and data sciences show an increasing recognition and adoption of computational workflows as tools for productivity and reproducibility that also democratize access to platforms and processing know-how. As digital objects to be shared, discovered, and reused, computational workflows benefit from the FAIR principles, which stand for Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. The Workflows Community Initiative’s FAIR Workflows Working Group (WCI-FW), a global and open community of researchers and developers working with computational workflows across disciplines and domains, has systematically addressed the application of both FAIR data and software principles to computational workflows. We present recommendations with commentary that reflects our discussions and justifies our choices and adaptations. These are offered to workflow users and authors, workflow management system developers, and providers of workflow services as guidelines for adoption and fodder for discussion. The FAIR recommendations for workflows that we propose in this paper will maximize their value as research assets and facilitate their adoption by the wider community.

Cloud-based regulatory platforms are transitioning from pilots to practical solutions. Sustainable adoption now relies on global coordination, continued trust and a shift towards federated, interoperable models.

Persisting symptoms after concussion (PSaC) present a complex neuropsychiatric challenge with limited treatment options due to inconsistent neuroimaging findings. Here the authors employ a multi-analytic approach to identify the salience network as a core dysfunction hub in PSaC, proposing specific cortical regions as potential targets for personalized neuromodulation therapies.

Global public expectations for carbon removal governance are: engagement beyond acceptance research; regulating industry beyond incentivizing innovation; systemic coordination; and prioritizing underlying and interrelated causes of unsustainability.

An agent-based model suggests that bacteria use direct-contact systems for inhibiting competitors when the attacking strain is outnumbered, and long-range diffusion systems when the attacker is common. These predictions are supported by competition experiments with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which also show that strains can use both types of system in conjunction.

The origins of Silverpit Crater have remained controversial since its discovery >20 years ago. This paper presents evidence for an extraterrestrial impact origin, including 3D seismic, computer simulations and ‘shocked’ minerals near the crater.

This Review discusses challenges and best practices for archiving genetics and genomics data to make them more accessible and FAIR compliant.

Three-terminal memtransistors can improve the neuromorphic performance of conventional two-terminal memristors. Here, the authors report the fabrication of high-yield large-scale crossbar array architectures incorporating up to 2,048 2D MoS₂ memtransistors per array, showing low-power memory and image recognition applications.

Increasing compositional uniqueness of the gut microbiome, and corresponding changes in microbial metabolites in the blood, are identified as a signature of healthy ageing in humans.

There seem to be a lot of computational biology papers with 'Bayesian' in their titles these days. What's distinctive about 'Bayesian' methods?

This Resource describes data, code and tools developed for the Human Reference Atlas and the Human BioMolecular Atlas Program for building and navigating a multiscale human atlas.

Machine learning applications in agriculture can bring many benefits in crop management and productivity. However, to avoid harmful effects of a new round of technological modernization, fuelled by AI, a thorough risk assessment is required, to review and mitigate risks such as unintended socio-ecological consequences and security concerns associated with applying machine learning models at scale.

Single-crystalline perovskite membranes with an ultrahigh dielectric constant show potential as a gate dielectric for two-dimensional field-effect transistors.

This Consensus Statement presents the standards for technical reporting in environmental and host-associated microbiome studies (STREAMS) guidelines.

Development of a structure-based method to predict potential ARDs present in human metagenomes indicates that resistance genes are rarely transferred within the human gut, and that individuals can be clustered into resistotypes.

By linking data from a 40-year birth cohort study with multiple administrative databases, the authors show that 20% of the population accounts for close to 80% of economic burden. Strikingly, this group can be predicted with high accuracy from as early as 3 years old.

Synthetic health data have the potential to mitigate privacy concerns when sharing data to support biomedical research and the development of innovative healthcare applications. In this work, the authors introduce a use case oriented benchmarking framework to evaluate data synthesis models through a set of utility and privacy metrics.

A variant predicted to affect chromosome alignment in meiosis associates with intrachromosomal positioning of recombination and increases risk of detectable pregnancy loss by 22%, likely through missegregation of chromosomes.

Intermediate soil acidification alters the denitrifier community composition and induces high nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, which contributes to the observed acceleration of N₂O emissions from global soils

Point defects critically influence material properties and require accurate computational modelling for reliable predictions. This Perspective outlines best practices for defect simulations using supercell approaches, emphasizing methodological transparency, reproducibility and robust reporting to improve consistency and integration with experimental studies.

A three-wave survey conducted before and after a major leaked and official ruling by the US Supreme Court shows that the ruling shifted views on abortion legality, had a contrasting effect on norm perceptions and polarized perceptions of the Court’s legitimacy and support for reform.

The Impact of Genomic Variation on Function Consortium is combining single-cell mapping, genomic perturbations and predictive modelling to investigate relationships between human genomic variation, genome function and phenotypes and will provide an open resource to the community.

This manuscript demonstrates a single-step electrified approach using rapid joule heating over an H-ZSM-5 catalyst for effective deconstruction of polyolefin plastic waste into light olefins (C2–C4) in milliseconds.

Information about an individual’s mobility can leave traces embedded in the social network. The authors show that such traces are also present beyond the social network. Simple colocation contains predictive information about one’s mobility patterns even when the colocators have no social links. In the aggregate, non-social information can sometimes meet or exceed social information.

Here, the authors perform repurposing screens of the ReFRAME drug library in two cell lines and identify inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antiviral activity of prodrug MK-4482 is confirmed in hamsters.

Radiography identifies suspicious lung nodules that are not always easy to diagnose via biopsy. Here, the authors utilize a fluorescent dye that targets the folate receptor and show using needle based endomicroscopy that it can be used to identify cancer cells during biopsy procedures

Differences in the Pace of Aging are important for many health outcomes but difficult to measure. Here the authors describe the Dunedin Pace of Aging Calculated from NeuroImaging measure, an approach that uses a single brain image to measure how fast a person is aging and can help predict mortality or the risk of developing chronic disease.

The social impacts of food supply chains on people, animals and communities need to be integrated into sustainable dietary transformations. Here the social dimension of sustainable diets is defined and explored through case studies. Solutions are proposed to support just dietary transformations.

Distinguishing the drivers of metastasis versus those of the primary tumour in breast cancer remains challenging. Here, the authors explore primary-only, metastatic-only, and shared drivers in breast cancer using mammary-specific transposon mutagenesis screens, which leads to potential therapeutic targets to prevent metastasis.

Cancer genetics has benefited from the advent of next generation sequencing, yet a comparison of sequencing and analysis techniques is lacking. Here, the authors sequence a normal-tumour pair and perform data analysis at multiple institutes and highlight some of the pitfalls associated with the different methods.

Quantitative systems toxicology (QST) models have the potential to increase confidence in the safety assessment of drug candidates and to inform project progression decisions. This article overviews the fundamentals of constructing and using QST models, presents the state-of-the-art for models of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hepatic and renal toxicities, and it provides recommendations for their application in drug discovery and development.

Working memory (WM) is represented in persistent activity of single neurons as well as a dynamic population code. Here, the authors find that neurons flexibly switch their coding according to current attention while those with stable resting activity maintain WM representations through dynamic activity patterns.

LICHEN is a computational approach for generating antibody light sequences conditioned on a heavy chain, with optional germline and antigen-binding constraints. In vitro validation confirms LICHEN’s value across antibody engineering scenarios.