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SARS-CoV-2 variants often exhibit immune evasion, necessitating antiviral strategies beyond vaccination. This study presents a papain-like protease (PLpro) inhibitor called YL1004, which exhibits potent, broad-spectrum antiviral activity against wild-type, Delta, and Omicron variants in vitro and in vivo.

Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) are a leading cause of female infertility. Here, authors engineer a Tβ4-releasing ECM hydrogel that mimics decidualization to promote endometrial regeneration as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of IUA.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Wang, Chu, Chen, Wei and colleagues discover a subset of tumour-associated macrophages expressing SLC2A1 whose spatial proximity to CD8⁺ T cells drives resistance to anti-PD-L1 treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Using synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry and quantum chemistry, this study uncovers a previously missing process by which aldehydes in engine combustion form organic acids, a finding critical for accurate emissions modelling and mitigation strategies.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy may result in maternal and fetal complications. Here, the authors analyze 18 fetuses following maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and identify distribution in fetal organs through vertical transmission.

Real-time tracking of levodopa dynamics is key for precise Parkinson’s therapy. Here, the authors develop a continuous monitoring system with a nano MIP-functionalized carbon nanotube fiber sensor that achieves in vivo pharmacokinetic profiling and guides dosing regimen optimization.

The methyltransferase OsPRMT6b is found to act as an ABA responsive factor to finely turn down ABA signaling via methylation of ABA receptor, thus facilitating growth recovery as high-temperature stress subsides.

The generation of α-carbon radicals from alkoxyl radicals is challenging because 1,2-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) is usually less favoured than 1,5-HAT. Here, the authors report a strategy to inhibit 1,5-HAT by introducing a silyl group into the α-position of alkoxyl radicals, enabling preparation of α-alkoxylimino alcohols and α-heteroaryl alcohols.

Circularly polarised luminescence (CPL) is essential for asymmetric synthetic photochemistry. Here, the authors integrate white quantum dots with chiral nematic liquid crystal or liquid crystal polymer to achieve single-emitted tuneable full-colour or white CPL for enantioselective polymerization.

High frequency microwave is crucial for communication and radar applications. The authors develop a compact Kerr comb for photonic THz generation with near quantum limited noise performance, enabling record-breaking 240 Gbps wireless communication.

This work investigates crystallinity-dependent structural evolution mechanisms of CoS2 during the oxygen evolution reaction, showing that CoS2 with lower crystallinity enhances the transformation of the bulk phase into sulfur-stabilized oxyhydroxide, improving performance.

Methods for direct incorporation of tri- and di-fluoroethanol units in molecules are relatively limited. Here, the authors report two organosilicon reagents which are applied to allylation, alkylation and alkenylation reactions as tri- and di-fluoroethanol transfer reagents.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

In this study Guo et al. show that skeletal muscle IRF4-FSTL1 exerts metabolic regulation on the liver via DIP2A/CD14 in NASH. FSTL1 from skeletal muscle that enters the circulation promotes the development of NASH.

This study employs in situ cryo-ET to visualize basal body formation and ciliogenesis in multiciliated mouse cells, revealing how the remodeling of microtubule-inner proteins (e.g., CEP41) ensures precise ciliary assembly.

The zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma has complex developmental programs to accommodate different lifestyles that are important for parasite transmission and pathogenesis. Here, the authors discover a novel chromatin remodeling complex containing SNF2L in Toxoplasma and report its crucial roles in regulating the parasite’s developmental programs.

Stem cell therapies face immune rejection risks with allogeneic ESCs. Here, the authors establish genetically matched autologous ESCs in monkeys via embryo splitting, showing potentially superior genomic stability over iPSCs and ntESCs.

Here the authors show that rehabilitating nuclear speckles, membraneless organelles involved in mRNA processing and gene regulation, can boost protein quality control and reduce toxic protein buildup, as well as ameliorate models of diseases like tauopathy and retinal degeneration.

The development of imaging agents capable of clearly defining tumor margins is essential for GBM intraoperative navigation. Here this group identifies GCN5 as a promising molecular target for GBM imaging therefore designs a dual mode nanoprobe for BBB crossing and in vivo visualization of typical GBM tumor boundaries.

ELD1, a CCHC-type zinc finger protein, is found to modulate alternative splicing of the core oscillator gene OsCCA1 and thereby regulate photoperiodic flowering in rice. This reveals additional links between light signaling and the circadian clock.

In large prospectively enrolled validation cohorts of patients with cancer and controls and a prospective study of asymptomatic individuals with average risk for cancer, a multicancer early detection test based on plasma cell-free DNA genomics and fragmentomics showed encouraging accuracy in identifying ongoing disease as well as the tissue of origin.

A large-scale photonic accelerator comprising more than 16,000 components integrated on a single chip to process MAC operations is described, demonstrating ultralow latency and reduced computing time compared with a commercially available GPU.

The diagnosis and prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) relies on invasive renal biopsies, which can be clinically constrained. Here, the authors develop a non-invasive model using retinal images that can be used to screen for CKD and identify five common pathological types of CKD.

Growing anisotropic 2D materials with controlled orientation is desired to enable the large-scale synthesis of 2D chiral single crystals. Here, the authors report an epitaxial method to grow chirality-selected unidirectional ReS₂ monolayers and 2D MoO₂ crystals on insulating chiral surfaces, showing polarization-sensitive photodetection properties.

The effects of non-reacting components on polyatomic reactions are still largely unclear. Here, the authors show through a combined experimental and theoretical study of the D + CH₄ reaction that the CH₃ umbrella bending mode serves as a reporter mode, revealing how the D atom dynamically approaches CH₄.

The role of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins in Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury (MIRI) largely remains unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Myocardial Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) protein promotes MIRI suggesting MAVS protein as potential therapeutic target.

Evolutionary analysis of transcriptomes across Metazoa supports a scenario of ancestral adult stages and a single intercalation event at the origin of larvae.

The Curie temperature of Fe_5+xGeTe₂ thin films can be modulated from 260 to 380 K via iron doping, allowing the two-dimensional material to be used to create planar spiral inductors and low-pass Butterworth filters.

Here, the authors report results from a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial of the tetravalent SARS-CoV-2 protein vaccine SCTV01E, demonstrating a favorable efficacy profile during a time when predominant viral variants were changing from BA.5 and BF.7 to XBB.

The inactivation of natural enzymes by radiation hinders their utility for radiotherapy. Here the authors report a single-atom copper nanozyme that can be utilized for enhanced radio-enzymatic therapy to resolve the crucial issues for the applications of natural enzymes.

The authors reveal a conserved mechanism through which the nutrient sensor PKA phosphorylates Rpd3/HDAC1 to inhibit its ability to deacetylate SAGA complex and enhance nucleosome acetylation, promoting metabolic reprogramming and cell growth.

Pesticide exposure induces significant alterations in gut bacterial metabolism. Here, the authors perform a multi-omics mapping of pesticide-gut microbiota-metabolite interactions, identifying pesticide-sensitive gut bacteria species and specific metabolic changes in 306 pesticide-gut microbiota pairs.

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is involved in mediating reward seeking and negative valence. Here, the authors present evidence for afferent-specific circuitry of the NAc in the control of reward and aversion via two distinct pathway.

How centrioles are amplified to produce multicilia is unclear, but a structure named the deuterosome has been implicated in the process. Zhu and colleagues demonstrate that Deup1, a paralogue to the centriole protein Cep63, governs deuterosome formation and mediates large-scale de novo centriole amplification in multiciliated cells.