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The challenge of integrating multiple energy inputs impedes multi-energy water oxidation. Here, the authors report a pulsed-energy strategy using ultrasonic pretreatment for transient electrolyte polarization, promoting the Grotthuss-type OH⁻ transport and activating dual low-energy lattice oxygen pathways.

The oxygen evolution reaction is hindered by slow proton transfer. Here, the authors report an ordered oxygen-down water layer that accelerates initial water deprotonation and proton transport, enabling low-voltage, durable membrane electrolysis at high current.

Classical and quantum random walks are commonly based on cascaded geometries. Here, authors propose a solid-state, non-cascade platform for high-dimensional random walks, based on the harmonics generated by a nonlinear crystal and their orbital angular momentum distribution, dictated by the crystal’s symmetry

Chen et al. present a deep learning-based lead optimization model that combines generative artificial intelligence with structure-based approaches. The method is successfully applied to the design of drug-like molecules targeting the recently identified LTK protein target with high potency and selectivity.

DNA damage from chemotherapy can activate cGAS–STING and interferon pathways. Here, the authors show that cGAS–STING signaling is specific to DNA rich in CA repeats, whereas DNA not rich in CA repeats is detected by AIM2, resulting in opposing tumor immune responses.

Here the authors show that crotonate and H3K14cr levels are increased in regenerating crypts. Treatment with sodium crotonate (NaCr) significantly alleviates dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis, an effect largely dependent on HBO1-mediated H3K14cr.

A stereotaxic atlas of the whole mouse brain, based on a Nissl-stained cytoarchitecture dataset with isotropic 1-μm resolution, achieved through continuous micro-optical sectioning tomography, promises to be a versatile brainsmatics tool for studying the whole brain at single-cell level.

It is challenging to produce biomass FG continuously due to the lack of an integrated device. Here, we create an integrated automatic system with energy requirement-oriented allocation to achieve continuous biomass FG production with a much lower carbon footprint.

KarmaDock, a deep learning approach, is proposed to improve the speed, accuracy and pose quality of molecular docking and is validated on multiple datasets and a real-world virtual screening.

Improved glycemic control after transplantation of human pluripotent stem-cell-derived islets for diabetes treatment in non-human primates.

Zhang et al. perform single-cell RNA and B-cell receptor sequencing to characterize the transcriptomic profiles of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells at diagnosis, residual and relapse stages, uncovering the hypoxia pathway as a potential target for residual leukaemia cells.

DNA methylation data of whole blood from Han Chinese individuals are used to map mQTLs, finding that cis- and trans-mQTLs show distinct patterns of East Asians (EA) ancestry-specific colocalization with complex trait variation.

Human somatic cells were reprogrammed to human chemically induced pluripotent stem cells that demonstrate key features of embryonic stem cells.

In layered transition metal oxides as cathode active materials for Na-ion batteries, Na⁺ diffusion kinetics are impacted by Na⁺/vacancy ordering. Here, the authors suggest that the P2-type Na_2/3Ni_1/3Mn_2/3O₂ with large zigzag ordering exhibits high Na⁺ mobility and thus superior rate capability.

There is an urgent need to develop efficient Fe-based catalysts for the organic pollutant degradation. Here, the authors develop an iron-based nanomaterial catalyst via flash joule heating. This catalyst exhibits strong energy efficient catalytic performance over a wide pH range and is potentially scalable.

Bietti crystalline corneoretinal dystrophy (BCD) is an autosomal recessive chorioretinal degenerative disease without approved therapeutic drug. Here, the authors show a promising CRISPR/Cas9 mediated homology-independent targeted integration therapy in patient derived cells and humanized mice carrying BCD mutations.

China has pledged to achieve carbon neutrality in 2060. Here the authors find a promising option to abate 1.0 Gt CO₂-eq yr⁻¹ of carbon emissions at a marginal cost of $69 (t CO₂-eq)⁻¹ by retrofitting 222 GW of coal power plants to co-fire with biomass and upgrading to CCS operation across 2836 counties in China.

Scientists have gained a fundamental insight into the ultrafast dynamics in nanoplasma formation and relaxations, yet the effective control on the emission behaviors of nanoplasma, is still lacking. Here, the authors report the experimental realization of well-controlled ion emission from transient nanoplasmas induced by intense femtosecond laser pulses.

Electrosynthesis via two electron water reactions offers a promising method for decentralized H₂O₂ production, yet its mechanism remains unclear. Here, the authors address the challenge by using in-situ Raman and DEMS, and demonstrate 93% of H₂O₂ forms via the carbonate coupling route through a C₂O₆²⁻ intermediate.

Therapeutic options for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in later-line setting are limited. Here the authors report the results of a phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate efficacy and safety of the combination of camrelizumab (anti-PD1), apatinib (VEGFR2 inhibitor), and eribulin in patients with heavily pre-treated advanced TNBC.

Li et al. demonstrate mitochondrial fission in macrophages as key for phagocytosis induced by therapeutic antibodies. They identify overexpression of GFPT2 as an inhibitor of the process and phase transition of the phagocytic machinery as its regulator.

The tumour-specific circular RNA FAM53B is highly immunogenic and can induce anti-tumour responses in mouse models of breast cancer and melanoma, expanding the repertoire of anticancer targets for development.

A good understanding of the mechanism behind organic electrooxidation is crucial for the development of efficient energy conversion technology. Here, the authors find that trivalent nickel is capable of oxidizing organics through a nucleophilic attack and electron transfer via a non-redox process.

Bile acid metabolite isoallolithocholic acid attenuated inflammation in blood cells of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Isoallolithocholic acid inhibited glycolysis and promoted oxidative phosphorylation to attenuate inflammation.

Resistance to therapy is a significant issue for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Here the authors analyze total miRNA from serum samples of 386 MBC patients before treatment with a follow up of 31 months and define a four miRNA signature that predicts the therapeutic benefit of trastuzumab.

Activated Notch signalling promotes cancer metastasis and stemness. Here the authors show that Notch1 activates transcription of DNA replication factor RCF4 and that RCF4 binds and stabilises Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD1) to promote cancer metastasis.

Yin and colleagues show that hepatic aldolase B suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by controlling tumor metabolic reprogramming through G6PD inhibition.

Recent studies revealed that G protein-coupled receptors rapidly interconvert between multiple states. Here, authors use the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) and show how two state-dependent nanobodies provide real-time reporting of ligand stabilized states with KOR and other GPCRs.

A new transplantation site in the abdomen, the subanterior rectus sheath, is shown to allow for functional maturation of stem-cell-derived islet cells and improved glycemic control in a proof-of-principle study involving four nonhuman primates.

Insects are biotechnologically important producers of recombinant proteins and materials, and their biology as crop pests has substantial economic consequences. Xiang et al. map cytosine methylation genome-wide at single-base resolution in the silkworm, opening the door for global studies of epigenetic DNA modification in insects.

We introduce a major scientific endeavour called π-HuB (proteomic navigator of the human body), its aim being to generate and harness multimodality proteomic datasets to enhance our understanding of human biology.