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Aortic aneurysm and dissection are lethal vascular diseases lacking effective medical therapy. Here the authors show that calcium channel blocker use increases AAD risk, worsens disease progression in models and patients, and may impair post-repair outcomes, warranting caution in at-risk hypertension.

The authors reconcile the conflict between polarization and hysteresis by confining polarization response of non-polar nanoclusters in high-entropy relaxors, thus improving the energy storage properties of multilayer ceramic capacitors.

Macrocyclization typically proceeds via thioesterase mediation in type I polyketide synthases. Now, using genome mining and crystallographic analysis, an alternative mechanism for stereoselective macrocyclization in the akaeolide biosynthetic pathway is reported. The mechanism is proposed to proceed via an iminium-catalysed tandem Michael addition and Knoevenagel condensation, using nuclear transport factor 2-like enzymes.

The authors reveal distinct atomic-scale mechanisms underlying phase boundary engineering formation and explain the different electrical properties of two (K, Na)NbO₃ based materials with the similar phase boundary, providing a new mechanistic insight.

The combination of adaptive optics with an improved isoSTED nanoscope allows imaging of cells and tissues with sub-50-nm isotropic resolution.

Tightly focused optical fields are essential in nano-optics, but lack tools for accurate yet efficient characterization. Here, the authors develop an in situ method to reconstruct the fully vectorial information of tightly focused fields in 3D space.

Study identifies two migratory paths for Osr1+posterior SHF cells to OFT and IFT in heart development. Osr1 regulates Hh-Ptch1 and Cxcl12-Cxcr7 signaling, with Smo and Ackr3 as direct targets, essential for outflow tract development and congenital heart defects mechanisms.

The vast amount of uranium in seawater is driving a shift from the use of mined ore to seawater extraction. Here the authors describe an adsorbent design based on polymers of intrinsic microporosity that adopts a bioinspired structure and allows efficient uranium capture.

Walmsley and colleagues report that systemic hypoxia induces persistent loss of histone H3K4me3 marks and epigenetic reprogramming in neutrophil progenitors, resulting in long-term impairment of subsequent neutrophil effector functions.

A machine learning framework is proposed to accurately predict electron–phonon coupling (EPC) strengths while reducing computational costs compared with first-principles methods. This approach facilitates EPC calculations with advanced functionals, allowing the accurate determination of real-world material properties such as carrier mobility and superconductivity.

Lowering the Pt loading while maintaining high fuel-cell performance is an important but difficult task. Here the authors report modified polymers with intrinsic microporosity as binder for preferential retention of phosphoric acid in the catalyst layer, which offers great opportunities to lower the catalyst loading for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

The combination of magnetism and ferroelectricity makes multiferroics of interest for applications such as data storage. Here, the authors predict a new class of multiferroics near room temperature, consisting of oxide superlattices whose electrical and ferromagnetic properties can be easily controlled.

Phosphorus is an essential plant nutrient. Here Meng et al. show that low phosphorus availability stimulates hydrogen peroxide production which in turn promotes the oligomerization, nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity of the PHR2 transcription factor and enhances the phosphate starvation response.

Existing methods use bifunctional chimaeras for extracellular protein degradation but rely on specific lysosome-targeting receptors, raising resistance issues. Here, the authors develop MONOTAB, a monofunctional platform that degrades extracellular proteins and vesicles without receptor dependency.

An automated perfusable microfluidic bioreactor can generate clinical doses of viable CAR T cells that are functionally comparable to cells produced in standard open-culture systems.

The aluminium production process is energy intensive and individual smelters often depend on associated fossil fuel-based captive power units. With detailed global facility-level data, this research highlights the importance of early retirement of fossil fuel plants and retrofitting with inert anodes.

Hydrogel materials have emerged as versatile platforms for biomedical applications. Here this group reports an mRNA lipid nanoparticle-incorporated microgel matrix for immune cell recruitment/antigen expression and presentation/cellular interaction thereby eliciting antitumor efficacy with a single dose.

Black phosphorus is a graphene-like material that can be harnessed for two-dimensional electronic devices. Here, Xiang et al. demonstrate that adding caesium carbonate or molybdenum trioxide can significantly enhance the electron or hole conduction, respectively, of this promising material.

Catalytic atroposelective construction of axially chiral aryl-fused medium-sized rings, such as nine-membered rings is challenging. Here the authors describe a catalytic asymmetric (4 + 5) cycloaddition to achieve the challenging transformations.

Hepatic expression of constitutively active glucagon receptor may have contributed to the glucose and lipid metabolism and the high metabolic rates that enabled the evolution of flight in birds.

Trp-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS) has a well-understood role in translation by facilitating aminoacylation of Trp-tRNAs. The discovery of a nuclear signaling role for TrpRS as a bridging protein for DNA-PK and PARP-1, resulting in p53 activation, explains a previously curious link between interferon-γ signaling and concomitant TrpRS overexpression.

In this study, the authors report a potent neutralizing antibody targeting a conserved epitope within RSV pre-F that shows higher antiviral activity against both RSV-A and -B subgroups in vitro and in small animal models than FDA-approved prophylactic agents.

iGluSnFR variants with improved signal-to-noise ratios and targeting to postsynaptic sites have been developed, enabling the analysis of glutamatergic neurotransmission in vivo as illustrated in the mouse visual and somatosensory cortex.

Targeting TBK1 is an effective strategy to overcome resistance to cancer immunotherapy.

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a neuroendocrine tumor that originates from thyroid parafollicular cells, generally associated with a poor prognosis. By comparing MTC with less aggressive papillary thyroid cancer, here the authors find that the neurotransmitter calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment in MTC.

The DaXi single-objective light-sheet microscope achieves fast, high-quality imaging of large volumes. DaXi’s design allows increased scanning range without sacrificing imaging speed or quality, multiview imaging and versatile sample mounting.

Xiao et al. report a weaker adaptive immune response in older adults after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared to young adult controls, identifying altered immune cell function and decreased antigen-specific receptor repertoire diversity as potential underlying mechanisms.

Cryo-electron microscopy and biochemical analysis reveal the activation mechanism of protein arginine kinase McsB by its activator McsA for protein quality control under stress in Gram-positive bacteria.