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Revealing the structural features governing ergodicity breaking is critical to understanding glass formation. Here, the authors synthesise a family of hybrid metal halide glasses, and show that the molecular shape and polarity determine rotational disorder, enabling diverse glass-forming abilities.

2D polymer materials are often limited in performance by insufficient in-plane conjugation and poor charge transport. Guided by theoretical calculations, the authors present diketopyrrolopyrrole-based crystalline 2D poly(arylene vinylene)s with narrow optical band gaps of 1 eV and high charge carrier mobility.

Lithium metal batteries are restricted by their low safety and poor electrochemical performance. Here, authors present a flame-retardant electrolyte with weakly coordinating dichloroalkane diluents, demonstrating application potential in safer lithium metal batteries in the −60 to +60 °C temperature range.

Ni-rich cathodes in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries suffer from severe interfacial degradation. Here, authors apply an ultrathin conductive lithium borate glass coating via a simple dry process, which enables improved long-term cycling, a high areal capacity, and high-energy pouch cells.

PAK4 promotes Mdm2-mediated NLRP1 ubiquitination and degradation by phosphorylating Mdm2 at Ser186, thereby suppressing GEM-induced pyroptosis via the NLRP1/caspase-9/caspase-3/GSDME axis in pancreatic cancer cells

Phospholipid remodeling governs cell fate, yet its ferroptosis-related mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of phospholipid remodeler TMEM164, identify its lipid remodeling mechanism, and discover Montelukast S- enantiomer as a potent inhibitor.

Here, longitudinal and transverse conductivity is studied in cadmium single crystals, finding that the amplitude of the first ten Sondheimer oscillations is determined by the quantum of conductance and a length scale that depends on the sample thickness, the magnetic length and the Fermi surface geometry.

Fractional Chern insulators have been observed in moiré MoTe₂ at zero magnetic field, but the expected zero longitudinal resistance has not been demonstrated. Now it is shown that improving device quality allows this effect to appear.

Optical control of integer and fractional Chern insulators is demonstrated by circularly polarized optical pumping in tMoTe₂.

Wearable silent speech systems hold potential for restoring communication in patients suffering from speech impairments. Tang et al. report an AI-driven silent speech system for dysarthria patients, which enables zero-time-delay expression and context-aware emotion decoding-based sentence expansion.

Achieving photo-thermal stability and device operational stability of tin-lead perovskite solar cells remains a major challenge. Here, authors replace tin fluoride additive by lead powders followed by lead fluoride post-treatment, achieving efficiency of 24.07% in stable tin fluoride-free devices.

Twisted bilayer (tb) MoTe₂ is an ideal platform for investigating the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect but issues related to air sensitivity make the study of its electronic structure experimentally challenging. As a solution, the authors prepare hBN encapsulated tb-MoTe₂ and using micro-angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy determine the band structure. Furthermore, through in-situ alkali metal deposition, they obtain evidence indicating a direct band gap.

Li₅FeO₄ is a high-capacity prelithiation agent but suffers from poor air stability. Here, authors apply a carbon coating strategy to significantly improve its resistance to moisture, enabling over 92% capacity retention after 72 h exposure to ambient air.

Anode-free lithium batteries are hindered by lithium inventory loss from parasitic interfacial reactions, cathode degradation, and limited Li⁺ reversibility. Here, authors propose a prelithiation separator engineering to enable multiscale interfacial stabilization in Ah-class anode-free pouch cells.

Monitoring charge carrier dynamics and photocatalytic reaction rates in individual photocatalyst particles is a challenging task that can help us to understand structure–reactivity relationships. Here single-molecule fluorescence imaging is coupled with femtosecond interferometric scattering microscopy to investigate these properties in 2D InSe flakes.

Vaccines are the most effective tool in managing infectious disease and characterizing features of protective epitopes could help in prediction methods. Here the authors use protein language and geometric deep learning frameworks to investigate primary sequence features and structural features to identify and predict potential antigens, showing prediction of a protective mpox epitope using this method.

Rechargeable lithium batteries featuring 5 V cathodes offer high energy density yet struggle with stability. Here, the authors formulate an electrolyte incorporating dimethyl 2,5-dioxahexanedioate solvent, which facilitates stable lithium plating and stripping while offering an extended cycle life.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

The biological clock model LifeClock predicts biological age across all life stages from routine clinical data, revealing distinct pediatric and adult disease risk patterns.

There is strong evidence that cervical cancer screening with high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing is more effective for the prevention of precancer and cancer than cervical cytology. Here, the authors show that HPV testing as a primary screening method provides reliable clinical performance for both cross-sectional and longitudinal cervical screening in accordance with Chinese guidelines.

The authors predict 2D CuMnP₂Se₆ where a tiny electric field ( ~ 0.001 V/Å) flips in-plane polarization and switches magnetism from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic, enabling ultralow-power spintronic memories.

Adsorbate-mediated strong metal–support interaction is important but mechanistically hard to tune. Facet-resolved Ni/TiO₂ reveals adsorbates trigger and stabilise TiO_2-x overlayers, allowing CO vs CH₄ selectivity control via interfacial electronic effects.

Lithium carbonate-promoted mixed rare earth oxides can be used as redox catalysts for OCM at 700 °C and achieve a single-pass C2+ yield up to 30.6%. The high activity is assigned to the peroxide and OH radicals induced by Pr⁴⁺ in the redox catalyst.

Iron limitation induces the expression of IsiA in cyanobacteria, which serves as a light-harvesting antenna for PSI. Here, authors present two PSI-IsiA structures, elucidating the assembly and functional dynamics of these complexes under iron stress.

Integrating semiconductor p-n junctions with magnetic materials yields van der Waals heterojunctions as an ideal low-power spintronic platform. Zhu et al. report an abnormal zero-bias spin voltage effect arising from non-equilibrium spin diffusion.

Dysregulation in the proteasome pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Here the authors identify that Casein kinase 2 (CK2) mediates phosphorylation of Proteasome activator 28 subunit gamma (PA28γ), which promotes tumor formation and progression in HNSCC mouse models.

The genetic mechanisms of why polyploid plants exhibit adaptive advantages over diploids are unclear. Here, the authors assemble the autotetraploid alfalfa genome, incorporate it into a pangenome analysis, and reveal the trade-off between adaptive advantages and evolutionary constraints mediated by tetra-copy core genes.

Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenolics is essential for converting lignin into fuels via fast pyrolysis, but catalyst deactivation from coking remains a major challenge. Here, the authors present a TiO_x-decorated NiSn/SiO₂ catalyst that delivers 100% deoxygenation selectivity and significantly improved stability in the HDO of m-cresol.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

In patients with metastatic osteosarcoma who have progressed on first-line chemotherapy, the prognosis is poor. Here, the authors report a phase II randomized clinical trial comparing the combination of apatinib (multi tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and chemotherapy (ifosfamide and etoposide) against chemotherapy alone in patients with relapsed or refractory metastatic osteosarcoma.

Isotropic tissue magnification is integrated with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging to enable untargeted spatial proteomics at micrometre resolution and with high protein identification rates in multiple tissue types.

Kitaev interactions on a honeycomb lattice can potentially lead to a quantum spin liquid state. Unfortunately, materials hosting Kitaev interactions also host Heisenberg interactions favouring long range order. Here, Sakrikar, Shen, Poldi and coauthors find that the relative strength of the Heisenberg and Kitaev interactions can be tuned by pressure in Ag₃LiRh₂O₆.

Leaf rust threatens wheat production worldwide. Here, the authors report a high-quality genome assembly of the leaf rust resistant durum wheat landrace PI 192051 and the cloning of the leaf rust resistance gene Lr.ace-4A/Lr30.

Powdery mildew is a devasting disease for both common wheat and durum wheat. Here, the authors report the powdery mildew resistance locus derived from wild emmer wheat is conferred by the combined effect of two complementary nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat genes.

Silver nanowires are commonly synthesized via chemical routes. Here, the authors report nanowire formation via a physical method involving stress-induced phase transformation and sintering of spherical silver nanoparticle superlattices.

Based on Bader charge descriptors, a Cu2ZnSnS4 nanosheet with S defects is developed for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Under visible light irradiation, C2H4 is produced from CO2 with a yield of 25.16 µmol g-1 h-1 with ~50% selectivity.

Graphite is a vital component of lithium-ion batteries, but it is challenged by supply-chain vulnerabilities and sustainability issues. This Perspective explores innovative synthesis and recycling methods, emphasizing the need for supportive policy frameworks to enable an economically viable and environmentally responsible graphite economy.

Achieving cathodes with large areal capacities is crucial for advancing aqueous aluminum-based batteries. Here, authors report a hydrate-melt electrolyte based on AlCl₃ and organic halide salts that enables reversible Br⁻ /Br⁰ /Br⁺ chemistry with a high areal capacity of 5 mAh cm⁻².

Cervical cancer screening and detection can be challenging in regions with limited medical resources. Here, authors develop a low-cost compact microscope and AI-assisted system for cervical precancer screening to identify high-risk cases in these regions.

Excitons in 2D semiconductors suffer from a weak response to in-plane electric fields, inhibiting their transport beyond the diffusion length. Here, the authors demonstrate the directional, long-range transport of interlayer excitons in bilayer WSe₂ driven by the propagating potential traps induced by surface acoustic waves.