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Altermagnets combine spin-split electronic bands with zero net magnetization, making them ideal for integration into spin-based information processing devices. Here Guo, Chen, Zeng, and coauthors demonstrate a magnetic memory making use of the altermagnetic spin splitting torque in a three terminal MRAM device.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Qifa Zhang and colleagues report the map-based cloning of the quantitative trait locus GS5, which regulates grain size and yield in rice. GS5 encodes a putative serine carboxypeptidase and increased expression is associated with larger grain.

A soft robotic probe enables continuous in utero monitoring of fetal physiological parameters, including heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, temperature and electrocardiogram data, during open or fetoscopic surgery to provide real-time information on fetal condition and distress.

The efficient low-temperature combustion of stable alkanes remains a major challenge in catalysis. Now it has been shown that a Pt–Nb dual-atom catalyst enables propane combustion through a distinct stepwise-boosting, current-assisted atomic relay mechanism, yielding complete conversion below 200 °C and a high turnover frequency.

Predicting traffic crashes and outcomes is challenging due to the diverse and complex nature of the data involved. Here, authors develop a framework that fine-tunes large language models on crash data to predict outcomes and identify high-risk scenarios.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) typically exhibits a negligible electrocaloric effect, while the derived ferroelectric terpolymers are expensive and have a narrow temperature window. Here, the authors report that poly(vinylidene fluoride) films prepared by solid-phase pressure forming show a giant electrocaloric effect over a wide temperature window.

Saline-alkaline stress affects worldwide crops production, but the tolerance mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, the authors show that EF-hand Ca2 + -binding-protein coding gene ZmNSA1 can regulate root H + efflux, Na + homeostasis, and saline-alkaline tolerance in maize.

The study shows that tuning organic–inorganic tin halides from 2D to 1D significantly enhances coupling between excitons and lattice vibrations, thereby switching emission from free excitons to self-trapped states. Ultrafast spectroscopy identifies the key electronic and vibrational dynamics.

Pseudotaxus is a sister genus to Taxus but lacks a complete taxane biosynthetic pathway. Here, the authors assemble the genome of P. chienii and reveal that the presence of a functional taxane 2α-O-benzoyl transferase in Taxus genus extends the existing taxane biosynthesis pathway into a complete Taxol biosynthesis pathway.

He et al. present a parameter-efficient fine-tuning method for single-cell language models that improves performance on unseen diseases, treatments and cell types.

The comprehensive changes and interactions of second-trimester metabolites in saliva, serum, and urine were found in GDM; they were involved in the pathogenesis and assisted in the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of GDM

Antihypertensive medication does not always achieve goals, especially in older adults. Lv, Wang et al. identify clonal hematopoiesis as a biomarker of resistant hypertension, highlighting it as a potential contributor and therapeutic target for poor blood pressure control.

Artificial intelligence-based detection of gastric cancer at different stages from noncontrast computed tomography is suggested to be feasible in a retrospective analysis of large and diverse cohorts, including real-world populations in opportunistic and targeted screening scenarios.

Atomically dispersed metals can improve sodium deposition control. Here, authors show that tin single atoms on carbon films enhance sodium-ion adsorption and activate surrounding atoms, leading to uniform deposition and stable cycling in sodium batteries with improved capacity retention.

Research into the dynamics of chemical reactions at the single-molecule level is a pivotal undertaking. Here, the authors present a direct investigation of the chemiluminescent reaction dynamics of single molecules in solution, providing spatiotemporally resolved insights into chemical reactions.

Closed pores govern sodium-ion storage performance of hard carbon negative electrodes. Here, authors link pore mouth size evolution of the closed pores to the solvation structure and propose design principles for optimizing both closed pores and intrinsic defects.

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) supports the circular economy and energy sustainability, yet its application is limited by high operating temperatures and coke formation. Here, the authors introduce a concentrated-solar catalytic DRM strategy that overcomes these challenges.

Chronic wounds typically exhibit dynamic variations within the complex wound microenvironment over time. Here, Cheng et al. develop a microenvironment-feedback hydrogel to achieve homeostatic wound pH and blood glucose levels to accelerate repair of diabetic chronic wounds.

Deuterated compounds are of high interest to the pharmaceutical industry; however, modular creation of differently deuterated methyl and methylene groups in organic skeletons is challenging. Now, this has been achieved by introducing the concept of transition-metal-mediated 1,4-H or D delivery.

Inactivating PPP2R1A mutations correlate with better survival after immune checkpoint blockade in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma, suggesting that targeting the phosphatase 2A (PP2A) pathway may represent an effective startegy for improving responses to immunotherapy.

A major bottleneck in the use of machine learning in materials discovery is the need for high quality material datasets for training. Here, Itani and coauthors introduce NEMAD, the northeast materials database, collated from the scientific corpus of articles using Large Language Model to extract the relevant magnetic, crystallographic and chemical data.

The efficiency of enantioselective sp³ C–H bond oxidation using small synthetic catalysts is usually limited. Now a catalytic system involving a Cu(II)-bound tert-butoxy radical for site-selective C–H bond cleavage achieves allylic and propargylic sp³ C–H oxidation with the C–H substrates as the limiting reagent.

Nitrogen-vacancy-centre microscopy and anisotropic magnetoresistance measurements reveal the evidence of magnetism in zigzag graphene nanoribbons embedded in hexagonal boron nitride.

Muntjac deer underwent rapid species radiation and dramatic chromosome fusions within a short period of time. Here the authors reveal that repeat sequences likely mediated illegitimate recombination to result in chromosome fusions and that 3D chromatin architecture around fusion sites have no significant change, while significant interactions across fusion sites were gradually established after speciation.

Silicon electrodes promise high energy for lithium-ion batteries but face swelling and durability issues. Here, the authors develop a sieving-pore design that enables stable, fast-charging silicon electrodes with long cycle life, low expansion, and industrial-scale potential.

Accurate cell detection in dense bacterial biofilms is challenging. Here, the authors report an image analysis pipeline that is able to accurately segment and classify single bacterial cells in 3D fluorescence images: Bacterial Cell Morphometry 3D (BCM3D).

Twisted van der Waals structures have shown many emerging physical properties, but uniform moiré wavelengths are usually < 50 nm due to structural relaxation. Here, the authors report the fabrication of super-moiré structures based on graphene/twisted boron nitride, showing a homogeneous moiré wavelength up to 63.2 nm resulting in Brown-Zak oscillations at integer magnetic flux quanta.

Cloning quantitative trait loci (QTL) in crops is often slow and laborious. Here, the authors describe RapMap, a method to rapidly clone multiple QTL based on F₂ gradient populations coupled with a co-segregation standard, and show how it can be used to identify genes controlling grain size in rice.

Here, the authors explore how Ni single-atom sites on carbon nitride evolve under photocatalytic conditions. They show that this evolution plays a pivotal role in enhancing photocatalytic H₂O₂ production.

Primary small cell carcinoma of the oesophagus has a poor prognosis, and has not been fully characterised molecularly. Here, the authors study the disease using multi-omics technology and find frequent RB1 disruptions and similarities to small cell lung cancer, opening potential therapeutic avenues.

Human Herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6) can cause fever, diarrhea and roseola rash. Here the authors present a cryoEM approach to image crude, minimally purified virus samples and employ it to determine the atomic structures of HHV-6B capsid and capsid-associated tegument protein complexes.

Successfully implementing a quantum repeater would require an entanglement generation rate higher than the memory decoherence rate, but current implementations with atomic memories are still far from this goal. Here, the authors narrow this gap by exploiting spatial and time-bin multiplexing in an atomic DLCZ memory, and sending the frequency-converted signal photon through 12 km of telecom fiber.

The Zhurong rover identified polygonal terrain at a depth of 35 m under Utopia Planitia on Mars. This finding suggests that the mid-latitudinal region experienced a cold and wet environment near the freezing point of water around the Hesperian–Amazonian transition, possibly induced by Mars’s high obliquity.