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In osteoporotic fracture-related infection (FRI), coordinated bone healing is compromised by cortical bone lysis and persistent bacterial colonization. Here, Li et al. report a dual-action nanocomposite bisphosphonates hydrogel for treatment of osteoporotic FRI that preserves cortical bone integrity and restores fracture healing.

Spin-crossover complexes are promising candidates for molecular bits owing to their magnetic bistability but engineering high-density bits is challenging due to cooperative switching dynamics. Here the authors modulate the cooperative dynamics of surface-confined spin-crossover complex chains.

Heart failure affects millions worldwide with limited treatment options. Here, the authors develop a biodegradable, self-powered vagus nerve stimulator that attenuates cardiac damage at different disease stages without requiring battery replacement or surgical removal.

Chemotherapy-induced intestinal toxicity limits treatment efficacy. Here, the authors show that myeloid-derived L-kynurenine exacerbates this damage by depleting Lactobacillus johnsonii, which activates the TNFα/JNK pathway to drive epithelial apoptosis.

This study shows that excessive atmospheric nitrogen deposition can enhance methane production and emissions by impacting microbial phosphorus acquisition due to the change of N/P ratios in oxygenated surface oceans.

The controllable regio-divergent and enantioselective C–H bond transformation of secondary amines at different N-alkyl groups has remained underdeveloped. Herein, the authors report a Cu-catalyzed α’/β-regiodivergent and β-enantioselective cyanation of secondary amine-derived ureas through ligand-controlled adjustable 1,4’/1,5-hydrogen atom transfer.

Alternative splicing greatly expands the transcriptomic and proteomic diversity in vertebrates. Here, the authors develop a machine-learning tool to identify functional splicing events during hematopoietic cell differentiation, revealing new regulators of hematopoiesis.

Here they show that G9a-mediated H3K9me2 regulates intestinal homeostasis and injury repair through repression of cell cycle arrest genes in both mouse and human.

The function of intermediate epithelial states in pulmonary fibrosis unknown. This study used RNA sensing technology to show selectively removal of alveolar epithelial stem cells trapping in an intermediate state reduced lung fibrosis.

Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) was identified as a synthetic-lethal target in p53-deficient cancers through alterations in double-stranded RNA accumulation. A covalent small-molecule inhibitor of TDG exhibited potent efficacy against p53-deficient tumors.

Off-the-shelf, on-demand allogeneic CAR-T cells could represent a therapeutic alternative to autologous products for cancer therapy. Here the authors report the preclinical characterization of off-the-shelf CRISPR-Cas9– edited IL-13Rα2-specific allogeneic universal CAR-T cells and the results of a first-in-human phase I trial in patients with high-grade glioma.

The authors study a topological insulator (TI) sandwiched between two magnetic TIs. By keeping one of the magnetic TIs insulating, while tuning the other one into a metallic regime, they find half quantized anomalous Hall conductance, a boundary signature consistent with a quantized axion field.

Multifunctional underwater sensors with integrated self-powered signal transmission, effective thermal-moisture regulation, and multi-signal decoupling are desirable of underwater tasks. Here, the authors report a three-dimensional thermoelectric device composed of porous polyurethane foam coated with a waterproof conductive layer for human-machine interaction in aquatic settings.

The existence of a long-lived, prethermal regime in many-body systems with tunable heating rates, driven by structured random protocols, is observed using a 78-qubit superconducting quantum processor.

Optical heterostructures have potential in integrated photonics and optoelectronics but are challenging to prepare in single-component systems. Here, the authors report an intrinsic optical heterostructure in an organic nanosheet, with enhanced fluorescence in an inner zone.

Multimodal brain recordings are no easy task. Here, the authors introduce a neural implant with integrated carbon nanotube field-effect transistors for multimodal recording of electrical and chemical signals.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

A four-qubit quantum error detection circuit with stabilizers can be implemented with spin qubits in a donor-based silicon quantum processor.

A Dirac-vortex topological photonic crystal fiber is experimentally realized with broadband single polarization single-mode properties.

Chemical synthesis of carbohydrates provides an efficient, scalable approach, facilitating therapeutic development and mechanistic studies. Herein, the authors report an O-glycosylation method utilizing bench-stable and readily accessible oxazolidinone-based glycosyl carbamates as donors.

The pathophysiologic functions of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) remain to be studied. Here the authors report that snoRNA SNORA49 suppresses liver cancer stem cell renewal through transcriptional inhibition of the stemness factor SOX9.

Catalytic enantioselective hydroarylation of alkynes is a concise protocol towards axial, helical, and planar chirality, but most reactions involve noble-metal catalysts. Here, the authors report a copper-catalyzed intramolecular atroposelective hydroarylation of 1-alkynylindoles with (hetero)arenes, affording C─N axially chiral carbazolyl and phenanthryl indoles.

A domain-folding strategy is developed to assemble graphene into carbon fibres at room temperature, achieving ultrahigh strength and stiffness as well as greatly reducing energy consumption.

A photocatalytic synthetic route to deuterated N-heteroarenes over an atomically dispersed palladium photocatalyst in D₂O is developed. By recycling used D₂O and photocatalyst, up to 1.157 kg of deuterated N-heteroarenes can be obtained using only 4.5 litres of D₂O (19.7 equiv.).

Quantum low-density parity-check error correction codes are anticipated to deliver high performance, but require long-range qubit–qubit interactions. Two of these error correction codes have now been successfully implemented on a superconducting device.

The short Argonaute-based bacterial defence system SPARDA exhibits collateral nuclease activity during phage infection. Here, the authors show that target DNA-induced filament assembly of SPARDA leads to tetramerization and activation of the DREN nuclease domain.

Circadian rhythms shape epidermal stem cell fate by regulating rhythmic gene expression in human EPSCs. ZFP42 maintains stemness by sustaining CRY1 expression, promoting proliferation and restraining differentiation to preserve epidermal homeostasis.

Direct enantioselective α-C(sp³)–H functionalization of Lewis-basic N-alkyl anilines has remained a significant challenge in synthetic chemistry. Now it has been shown that a metallaphotoredox-catalysed radical approach, with a sterically hindered aryl ketone photocatalyst, enables site-selective, enantioselective (hetero)arylation with exceptional functional group tolerance.

Organoid modeling and single-cell profiling reveal TUBA4A and TUBB4B tubilin proteins-driven vascular smooth muscle cell migration and contractile-to-synthetic phenotypic switching via GJA1/PI3K/AKT/KLF4 pathway in Moyamoya disease.

NatD is an acetyltransferase responsible for N-α-terminal acetylation of the histone H4 and H2A and has been linked to cell growth. Here the authors show that NatD-mediated acetylation of histone H4 serine 1 competes with the phosphorylation by CK2α at the same residue thus leading to the upregulation of Slug and tumor progression.

Controlling the hydrothermal reaction kinetics during the fabrication of Sb₂(S,Se)₃ solar cells is challenging. Chen Qian et al. show that sodium sulfide buffers the pH and allows a controlled release of Se, enabling a certified efficiency of 10.7%.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

The authors found esterified pectin localized at the stiff poles of maize stomata, modulating stomatal opening. These results reveal novel targets for stomatal engineering and breeding crops with higher water use efficiency.

IBI318 is a recombinant bispecific IgG1 antibody that targets PD-1 and PD-L1. Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of IBI318 combined with the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with acquired resistance to first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors.

The genetic mechanisms of why polyploid plants exhibit adaptive advantages over diploids are unclear. Here, the authors assemble the autotetraploid alfalfa genome, incorporate it into a pangenome analysis, and reveal the trade-off between adaptive advantages and evolutionary constraints mediated by tetra-copy core genes.

A virus-mimicking micelle selectively delivers drugs to diseased chondrocytes in osteoarthritis, significantly alleviating disease progression in mouse and sheep models.

Selective lithium extraction from low-grade brines remains a substantial challenge due to intense competition from coexisting ions such as magnesium and sodium. In pilot-scale electrochemical systems, [100]-oriented LiFePO₄ nanosheets have shown enhanced lithium selectivity, effectively isolating lithium even from brines with extremely high Na/Li and Mg/Li ratios.

Controlling the chain length distribution (CLD) of hydrocarbons in plastic degradation is crucial for the downstream synthesis of functional chemicals but controlling the CLD remains challenging. Herein, the authors introduce a fractionated degradation approach to tune the CLD of hydrocarbons derived from polypropylene (PP) degradation, thereby facilitating effective downstream valorization.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.