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Powdery mildew is a devasting disease for both common wheat and durum wheat. Here, the authors report a pair of genetically linked nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR)-encoding genes confer powdery mildew resistance and show its potential in wheat disease-resistant breeding.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces linoleic acid, which is released from macrophages during infection and upregulates regulatory T cell activity, to suppress macrophage control of intracellular bacteria in mice.

Thermal lepton pairs are ideal probes for the temperature of quark-gluon plasma. Here, the STAR Collaboration uses thermal electron-positron pair production to measure quark-gluon plasma average temperature at different stages of the evolution.

Contributions of vehicular and structural proton transport are quantified in phosphoric acid electrolytes, with linking structural diffusion to hydrogen bonds. The derived conductivity model guides electrolyte-conductivity trends and identifies 5.8 M for low-temperature batteries.

High plating currents are achieved in solid-state batteries without dendrites by densifying Li₆PS₅Cl, with modelling showing how specific microstructural changes increase the critical current density.

High-resolution ALMA observations reveal a gravitationally bound septuple protostar system in NGC 6334IN, formed through disk fragmentation. This discovery sheds light on the formation of extreme high-order multiplicity in massive stellar clusters.

Alloying layers boost the longevity of lithium metal batteries. Here, authors combine nuclear magnetic resonance and impedance spectroscopy to provide insights, revealing enhanced interfacial transport and diminished dead lithium formation as the origins of improved reversibility with Li-Sn alloys.

Inhibitors of the protein kinase Wee1 are promising drugs for cancer therapy. Here, the authors show that these drugs activate the integrated stress response via GCN2, synergising with mRNA translation defects. They suggest strategies such as PROTACs or ISR inhibitors to improve WEE1 mediated toxicity.

Here authors used patient-derived forebrain organoids to reveal how LIS1 mutations cause varying severity in a neurodevelopmental disorder, uncovering links between cytoskeletal defects, protein stress, and potential therapeutic strategies.

Particles produced by intense biomass burning can be transported, potentially by deep convection, in large numbers to the lower stratosphere, changing the stratospheric aerosol layer’s chemical and radiative properties, according to in situ measurements during an active fire season.

BioID detection of Ebola virus–host interactions when computationally integrated with existing host protein-protein networks, revealed functional cell protein complexes supporting infection, including the RNA decapping complex.

Lithium sulfides have been previously investigated as 1 V anodes for Li-ion batteries, but suffered from significant performance issues. Here, the authors report on a 1 V lithium sulfide electrode with noteworthy performance, demonstrating that sulfide-based electrodes may merit further exploration.

Developing safe, fast-recharging Li-metal batteries is challenging due to the need for stable, non-flammable electrolytes. This study presents an electrolyte design using miniature anion–Li⁺ solvation structures, achieving high conductivity, stable cycling and improved safety.

A 165 Myr record of N and Corg isotopes show that the N-cycle responds to feedbacks associated with productivity and the location of upwelling centers changing due to continental meander.

Ferromagnetic systems produced by the transition metal doping of semiconductors may be used as components of spintronic devices. Here, a new ferromagnet, Li_1+y(Zn_1-xMn_x)As, is prepared in bulk quantities and shown to have a critical temperature approaching 50 K.

META-SiM brings foundation model power to single-molecule time traces, excelling across diverse analysis tasks. Paired with the web-based META-SiM Projector and entropy mapping, it rapidly reveals hidden molecular behaviors inaccessible by other means.

This study shows that p300/CBP-dependent H2B acetylation is crucial for maintaining transcription of oncogenic gene programs in androgen receptor-driven prostate cancer.

The electronic ground state of a correlated oxide interface is reversibly switched by light. Stemming from interfacial reconstructions, electrostatic confinement and photodoping, this effect opens a path towards engineering the optical response of oxides.

A gene therapy method using AAV can help deliver HIV-fighting antibodies long-term, but the body often rejects them. Here the authors show that a short course of the drug rapamycin helps prevent host anti-drug antibody responses, showing successful antibody delivery in mice and monkeys.

Although rechargeable lithium–air batteries are receiving significant attention because of their high theoretical specific energy, carbon cathodes that are currently used decompose during oxidation and promote electrolyte decomposition on cycling. A titanium carbide-based cathode is now shown to reduce side-reactions, and exhibits enhanced reversible formation and decomposition of Li₂O₂.

In the randomized phase 3 AMPLITUDE trial, patients with HRR-deficient mCSPC experienced longer progression-free survival when they were treated with niraparib and AAP compared to placebo and AAP.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

An ex vivo model and pre-clinical study in a brain-dead recipient provide enzyme-converted O organs to avoid hyperacute rejection in ABO-incompatible kidney transplant patients.

Recharging Li–O₂ batteries requires oxidation of the discharge product solid Li₂O₂. Now a redox-mediating molecule is shown to assist this process by transferring electron–holes between solid Li₂O₂ and the positive electrode in a non-aqueous Li–O₂ cell. This allows the cell to be charged at rates that are otherwise impossible.

tRNAs are essential for translating genetic information into proteins. Here, the authors develop a method to synthesize all 21 essential tRNAs from a single DNA in vitro, enabling protein production and providing a foundation for artificial cells and genetic code reprogramming.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

This study presents a splice-based selection method that enriches actively editing cells in base editing screening at target loci, reducing the number of unedited cells from over 40% to less than 10%.

In this work, authors show that O-redox in 4d and 5d transition metal oxides involves the formation of molecular oxygen trapped in the particles. These results are in accord with observations in 3d oxides and show that the greater covalency of the 4d and 5d oxides does not stabilise peroxo-like species.

Communication between room-temperature and cryogenic environments is a bottleneck to the scaling of cryogenic devices. Here, the authors introduce a technique for in situ writing and erasing of circuits at low temperatures, enabling reversible construction of patterns without a photoresist.

Here the authors show how the DNA-sensing cGAS–STING pathway activates NF-κB and inflammatory gene expression with delayed kinetics via post-Golgi endolysosomal signaling.

Dual cyclin A/B RxL inhibitors selectively kill small cell lung cancer cells and other cancer cells with high E2F activity.

New field measurements and modeling show meltwater refreezing in Greenland’s bare ice may reduce runoff to surrounding oceans, highlighting a process climate models can incorporate for improved predictions of future sea-level rise.

The broad activity windows of current base editors pose a major challenge to their therapeutic application. Here, the authors established a generalizable re-engineering framework to narrow the activity windows of diverse base editors, streamlining the development of therapeutic base editing.

Discharge in lithium–air batteries can be triggered by using solvents or salts that dissolve LiO₂ intermediate. Adding DBBQ to a weakly solvating electrolyte solution can help O₂ reduction to Li₂O₂ in solution and enhance electrochemical performance.

Integrated scanning probe techniques in combination with first-principles theory unveil the crystallization of electron polarons into quasi-one-dimensional polaron superlattices in individual polypentacene molecules.

PBK is a mitotic kinase implicated in cancer. This study reveals how PBK evicts key C2H2-zinc finger transcription factors such as Ikaros, Aiolos and CTCF from DNA as cells divide, regulating mitotic chromatin accessibility and chromosome compaction.

Orsay virus establishes a latent infection in C. elegans, triggering age-dependent immunity and RNAi based cross-protection that limits secondary infections and reveals parallels to adaptive antiviral responses.

The authors discover a homeostatic process termed interstasis, in which an increased concentration of proteins within RNA–protein condensates induces the sequestration of their own mRNAs.

This prespecified updated survival and exploratory subgroup efficacy analysis of the phase 3 DESTINY-Breast04 trial shows that trastuzumab deruxtecan treatment in patients with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer leads to continuous survival benefit irrespective of estrogen receptor or hormone receptor status.

Mellor et al. report that deficiency of GABARAPL1, an ATG8-specific linking protein, impairs diastolic function in diabetic mice. This effect can be reversed by gene delivery of the gene encoding GABARAPL1 in diabetic mice and a human organoid model of type 2 diabetes.

The calorimetric determination of enthalpies of mixing in multi-component molten salt systems often relies on empirical models that lack physically interpretable parameters. Here, the authors use the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM) to integrate experimentally measured enthalpies and solvation structures from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to extrapolate excess Gibbs energy and determine the compositional dependence of La³⁺ activity in the LaCl₃-(LiCl-KCl) system.

Khetarpal et al. show that the metabolic regulator PGC-1α is essential in heart muscle cells for exercise-driven cardiac growth, and that suppression of the stress-induced myokine GDF15 is required to enable cardiomyocyte adaptations to training.

When senescent cells accumulate during adulthood they negatively influence lifespan and promote age-dependent changes in several organs; clearance of these cells delayed tumorigenesis in mice and attenuated age-related deterioration of several organs without overt side effects, suggesting that the therapeutic removal of senescent cells may be able to extend healthy lifespan.

Zn batteries suffer from low voltage due to the high redox potential of the Zn anode and the low potential of traditional cathodes. Here, the authors develop a polymer hetero-electrolyte, which allows separated Zn and Li reversibility and achieves a 2.4 V-Zn battery based on the LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ cathode.

An integrated dataset combining genetics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics from 1,342 people living with HIV illuminates molecular pathways driving immune responses and comorbidities in this population.

Extracting lithium from alternative aqueous sources becomes crucial in meeting increasing lithium demand. Here, authors design an economically feasible electrochemical process that achieves selective lithium extraction from geothermal brine and finally produce battery grade lithium hydroxide.

Ultra-high-capacity Li–air batteries have low Coulombic efficiency and degrade during re-charging, resulting in a poor cycle life. Redox mediators enable improvements but only at undesirably high potentials. The origin of this high potential and the impact of purported reactive intermediates has now been elucidated by resolving the charging mechanism using Marcus theory.

Chen et al. show that PEX39 cooperates with PEX7 in the peroxisomal import of proteins containing a PTS2 site and uncover an (R/K)PWE motif in PEX39 and PEX13 that binds to PEX7 and facilitates the import of PTS2-containing proteins.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is key for metabolic balance. Here, the authors show that RAP250 deficiency enhances BAT activity. Under these conditions, BAT-derived neuritin-1 regulates thermogenesis and fat metabolism, showing therapeutic promise for obesity and metabolic disorders.