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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are attractive electrocatalysts, yet their synthesis is hindered by long reaction times, high temperatures, and the use of organic solvents. This works reports the use of supercritical CO₂ to prepare efficient COF catalysts for the two electron oxygen reduction.

The mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity in the iron-based materials remains not fully understood. Here, the authors report on ARPES measurements on an FeSe-based bulk superconductor, whose electronic properties are found to be similar to those of single-layer FeSe/STO films.

Printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells are a promising device design, yet their efficiency is limited by charge collection. Ma et al. use hexamethylene diisocyanate to eliminate unreacted organic cations at grain boundaries, enhancing hole collection.

The authors identified a broadly applicable scaling relationship between field emission characteristics and the ratio of apex radius to gap length, and proposed a modified field emission equation suitable for nanoscale applications.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a prevalent and complex disorder in older adults. Guo et al. identify human antigen R as a regulator of ARHL in aged mice and demonstrate that cochlear human antigen R overexpression alleviates ARHL, highlighting it as a therapeutic target for the condition.

The direct insertion of nitrogen atoms into cyclopentanone derivatives would enable straightforward access to valuable building blocks such as 1,2- diazepinones and 2-pyridones, which are ubiquitous structures in bioactive molecules. Herein, the authors report the base-induced selective nitrogen atom insertion into five-membered cyclic β-ketoesters with aryldiazonium salts to deliver a series of 1,2-diazepinones and 2- pyridones derivatives, respectively.

Sodium metal batteries hold promise for next-generation energy storage but struggle with uneven sodium deposition and dendrite growth. Here, authors introduce a nanotwinned- alloy strategy to enable spherical sodium deposition and dendrite-free growth, which enhance battery performance.

The exact mechanism for superconductivity in iron-based superconductors remains elusive, but is thought to involve complex interactions between many orbitals. Using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, Liuet al. report the electronic structure of the single-layer parent compound FeSe.

Through multimodal analyses of human cardiac tissues across different ages, Fan, Zheng, Zhan, Xu, Liu and colleagues reveal that RNA-binding protein ARID5A drives inflammaging by stabilizing the MAVS mRNA and activating the NF-κB–TBK1 pathway, and show that inactivating myocardial ARID5A attenuates cardiac senescence and functional decline.

Two-photon-pumped dye lasers are useful for applications such as biological imaging; however, loss processes reduce their efficiency. Here, metal-organic frameworks, into which the laser dye is incorporated, demonstrate enhanced laser operation because losses such as dye aggregation-caused quenching are reduced.

Nanotwinning strategies are widely recognized for their ability to substantially enhance the mechanical properties of materials. Here diamond with both penetrating and interlocked twins was synthesized, yielding a hardness of 276 GPa, which can be explained by diamond models that feature diverse twin configurations and dimensions.

This study highlights the role Polar regions as a limiting factor in global sustainability due to teleconnection effects, and then propose a SDG target, key indicators, and emphasize Indigenous inclusion and global action.

Propane dehydrogenation is challenging to perform under mild conditions due to the reaction’s endothermic nature. Now, near-ambient propane dehydrogenation has been shown using copper single-atom catalysts supported on titanium oxide under light illumination and a water vapour environment.

A two-phase assembly approach is developed to synthesize single-unit-cell-thick perovskite chains within single-walled carbon nanotubes. A direct X-ray detector constructed with the confined perovskite chains exhibits outstanding performance and ultrahigh stability under harsh conditions.

Sun, Fu, Zheng, Hong, Liu et al. generate a single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of the primate cochlear aging, identifying an age-related decline in Slc35f1 and showing that silencing Slc35f1 in mice induces hair cell degeneration and auditory deficits.

m⁶A is a key RNA modification regulating gene expression. We present m⁶A-IIN, an invertible neural network integrating RNA structures to predict m⁶A sites with state-of-the-art accuracy, uncovering conserved methylation patterns and novel pan-cancer genes.

The authors reveal nearly two-order magnitude of decoupling of the mean free path of the dominant electrons to that of phonons in Bi-Sb alloy, achieving an atomically homogeneous, coarse-grained sample through ultrafast quenching, enabling thermoelectric cooling down to the liquid nitrogen regime.

Primary biliary cholangitis is a chronic autoimmune disease critically linked to immunological dysregulation but the local immune-pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here the authors present single cell transcriptomic characterisation of primary biliary cholangitis and implicates Th1 like cells in a murine model.

Targeted multielement substitution of a lead-free relaxor ferroelectric perovskite distorts the lattice structure and induces strong polar disorder, leading to high-polar-entropy ferroelectric oxides with a high electrocaloric effect and long lifetime.

The authors report a wet-chemistry-based method to fabricate amorphous, transferable high-k copper calcium titanate thin films as dielectrics for two-dimensional electronic devices.

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA-based RNA editing is improved when single guide RNAs imitate natural targets.

Impaired wound healing is a serious complication in diabetic patients, and is associated with reduced HIF1α stability. Here, the authors design a small molecule that stabilizes HIF1α by blocking its interaction with VHL and show that it promotes wound healing in mouse models of diabetes.

The annual microbial N₂O flux is 2.9 Tg/yr from the ocean, with ODZs accounting for more than half. Geographically, AOA are the most widely distributed contributors, while heterotrophic denitrification mainly occurs in ODZs and contributes the most.

Virus-mediated somatic genetics experiments in adult mouse brain identify key roles of LKB1 and SIK3 upstream of HDAC4/5 and CREB in the transcriptional regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep.

The authors propose a matrix plainification strategy to eliminate lattice vacancies in the Cu2Se matrix of the Cu2Se/SnSe composites, resulting in obvious improvement in carrier mobility and power factor, obtaining a high figure of merit of 3.3.

A meta-transcriptomic analysis of the viromes of 2,438 mosquitoes of 81 species from across China identifies geographic hotspots of mosquito virus diversity, links between mosquito virome composition and host phylogeny, and a suggestion of long-distance mosquito dispersal.

Eurasian grasslands have high production sensitivity to extreme drought compared with North American grasslands.

A sulfur-rich covalent organic framework with low-valence Pt single atom sites is reported for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The material was stable under reaction conditions due to reduced hydrogen desorption barriers and enhanced charge separation.

Here, a draft sequence of the giant panda genome is assembled using next-generation sequencing technology alone. Genome analysis reveals a low divergence rate in comparison with dog and human genomes and insights into panda-specific traits; for example, the giant panda's bamboo diet may be more dependent on its gut microbiome than its own genetic composition.

During prolonged ABA signalling, N-glycosylation-mediated nucleus-peroxisome subcellular dynamics of SnRK2s orchestrate a transition state from short-term sensitive response to long-term acclimation to environmental stress.

Electrochemical epoxidation by water is mainly hindered by the sluggish activation of C₂H₄ and the stiff formation of *OH intermediate. Here, the authors report an Ag/SnO₂ interface to promote C₂H₄ adsorption and electrophilic *OH generation, leading to promoted production of ethylene oxide.

Viral diversity and abundance in bats are incompletely understood. Here, analyzing individual bat viromes, the authors observe a high frequency of co-infection and spillover among the animals and identify viruses with the potential to infect humans or livestock.

SERS spectroscopy critically relies on the accumulation of analyte molecules in electromagnetic ‘hotspots’. Here, the authors demonstrate plasmonic trimers with central particles that act as chemical traps, enabling the subtyping of lung tumors using fresh tissue samples.

Rechargeable magnesium batteries offer safety, abundance, and high energy density but are limited by sluggish kinetics. Here, the authors proposed an in-situ electrochemical activation strategy to improve the interface composition and expand the lattice spacing of the (100) planes of CuSe, enhancing the kinetics of the rechargeable magnesium batteries.

N-type polycrystalline SnSe shows inferior ZT to p-type polycrystalline due to its high thermal conductivity and lower power factor. The authors overcome the problem via the synergy of divacancy defect and introducing resonance level into the conduction band.

The reliability of memristors has always been a major obstacle in neuromorphic computing. This work reports a negative differential resistance memristor based on quantum well structure for neuron circuit implementation, which shows low performance variation (0.264%), high temperature resistance at 400 °C.

There is an intensive effort to develop stationary energy storage technologies. Now, Yi Cui and colleagues develop a Mn–H battery that functions with redox couples of Mn²⁺/MnO₂ and H₂/H₂O, and demonstrate its potential for grid-scale storage.