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Fungal diseases threaten crops worldwide. By resolving the cryo-EM structure of fungal succinate dehydrogenase, researchers designed an inhibitor with broad antifungal activity, strong field performance, and reduced environmental toxicity.

Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have limited therapeutic options. Here the authors show that functionally impaired NK cells contribute to immune escape of pre-malignant clones in early stage MDS and that NK adoptive cell therapy can be considered to prevent or delay the development of MDS.

A single umbilical cord blood unit of CD34⁺ HSPCs produces a high number of CD19 CAR-iNK cells using a modified cell culture method.

Acute lung injury (ALI) carries high mortality with limited treatment. Here, the authors show in mice a brain-lung circuit wherein CRH neurons activation in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) attenuates ALI by limiting neutrophil hyperactivation.

Lipid nanoparticles are the gold standard for mRNA delivery but suffer from low loading capacity. Here, the authors report on the use of manganese ions to form mRNA rich cores within lipid nanoparticles which increased mRNA loading, reducing the lipid needed and increasing transfection and immune response in vivo.

Alternative polyadenylation is involved in plant responses to various stresses. Here, the authors show how a cis-natural antisense RNA promotes proximal polyadenylation of its cognate SlSPX5 gene in response to phosphate starvation in tomato.

The systemic discovery of metal–small-molecule complexes from biological samples is a difficult challenge. Now, a method based on liquid chromatography and native electrospray ionization mass spectrometry has been developed. The approach uses post-column pH adjustment and metal infusion combined with ion identity molecular networking, and a rule-based informatics workflow, to interrogate small-molecule–metal binding.

By hierarchically assembling single-atom catalysts within the nanopores of ceramic membranes, this cross-scale strategy achieves rapid pollutant removal and exceptional permeability, providing a highly effective platform for advanced wastewater treatment.

An ex vivo model and pre-clinical study in a brain-dead recipient provide enzyme-converted O organs to avoid hyperacute rejection in ABO-incompatible kidney transplant patients.

Efficient chemical synthesis of nucleoside is challenging due to the low reactivity of nucleobases acceptors. Herein, the authors report a protocol for nucleoside synthesis with glycosyl o-(tert-butylethynyl)phenyl thioglycosides as donors.

The authors develop a molecular dopant to avoid the dimerization of the electron-selective material phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester, resulting in enhanced stability and efficiency in inverted perovskite solar cells.

Charge transport and extraction in polycrystalline perovskite films are often hindered by inefficient carrier transfer across grain domain boundaries (GDBs). Here, authors employ supramolecular assisted Rb+ delivery for in-situ GDB bridging, achieving efficiency of 26.02% for perovskite solar cells.

Model thiophene-decorated nickel porphyrins are synthesized to examine how sulfur promotes CO₂-to-CO conversion and tandem CO₂-to-C₂ product conversion in electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Combined theoretical and experimental analyses show that thiophene substituents generate a ligand hole character that modulates the nickel-centred electronic structure, enhancing overall catalytic performance.

The contribution of the extracellular matrix and its degradation to the aging process is not well understood. Here, the authors show that degraded elastin fragments, which increase in the circulation with age, promote aging, while counteracting elastin fragment signals alleviates inflammation, promotes healthy aging and extends lifespan.

The relationship between interacting sites and catalytic mechanisms in single-atom catalysts remains unclear. Here a support engineering strategy is used to tune the binding strength between single-metal atoms and the support, optimizing active Cu sites and enhancing CH₄ formation.

This paper presents TDAC-seq, a targeted chromatin-accessibility-profiling method using cytidine deaminases and long-read sequencing, to resolve the effects of CRISPR edits on single chromatin fibers.

The function of serotonin receptors and the neuroimmune relationship in psoriasis is not fully understood. Here, the authors find HTR2A antagonistic drugs worsened psoriasis outcomes in a study population, and that HTR2A modulation reduced psoriasis severity in imiquimod mouse models and that this involved HTR2A-expressing monocyte-derived Langerhans cells.

Li, He, Liu and colleagues characterize the dynamic bivalent chromatin landscape during mouse peri-implantation development. They find that factor ZBTB17 works with KDM6A/B to resolve transiently maintained bivalent domains and prime gene activation.

The growth of wafer-scale single-crystalline 2D semiconductors on sapphire is important for their electronic applications, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Here, the authors study the influence of air-induced sapphire surface hydrolysis on the growth process of 2D WS₂ and propose an ultraviolet light healing method to repair the degraded substrates.

Kayama et al. present a blueprint for a national genomic surveillance study that conducts genome sequencing of thousands of strains, integrates standardized quantitative antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and characterizes antimicrobial resistance determinants.

An approach combining bioorthogonal chemistry with genetically encoded fluorogen-activating proteins enables subcellular imaging of phospholipids and glycans, as well as the visualization of lipid transport between organelles and lipid asymmetry across membrane leaflets.

Previous approaches to enhance the weak piezoelectric coefficients in ferroelectric polymers depend on synthesis of desired composition and complex processing conditions with low scalability. Here the authors report large piezoelectric coefficient in scalable solution-processed ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) copolymers by modifying C=C and C=O double bonds.

Electrocatalytic co-reduction of CO₂ and nitrate to synthesize urea is a sustainable and promising option to the alternative conventional Bosch-Meiser. Here, the authors report a CeO_x-integrated diatomic electrocatalyst overcomes the traditional trade-off between urea yield and Faradaic efficiency.

Here, Li et al. develop a human liver organoid model to elucidate Dengue virus infection dynamics and identify oxyresveratrol as a potential antiviral candidate, highlighting the NRF2 pathway’s crucial role in mitigating mitochondrial damage and enhancing cellular resistance.

Efficient therapy with biocompatible microrobots has huge potential but still faces challenges. Here, the authors show that magnetobacterial microrobots can be used to actively neutralize inflammatory factors and pseudovirus, by enhancing the tissue penetration of the hybrid cell membranes nanoparticles.

Shoot branching is critical in determining soybean yield. Here, the authors report natural variation of Dt2 in controlling soybean branching number and the interaction of Dt2 with GmAgl22 and GmSoc1a to activate transcription of GmAp1a and GmAp1d.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

The Macaque Biobank initiated by Zhang et al. provides a comprehensive genetic and phenotypic characterization of Chinese rhesus macaques (CRMs). This resource enhances our understanding of the genetic diversity of CRMs and holds potential for biomedical research.

In this attempt at xenotransplantation of a lung from a genetically modified pig into a brain-dead recipient, although the grafted lung initially maintained viability and functionality, antibody-mediated rejection rapidly occurred, contributing to xenograft damage.

In perovskite solar cells, the conventional n–i–p structure employing spiro-MeOTAD as a p-type hole transport layer suffers from poor thermal stability. Now, a non-volatile solid-state additive, 4-(N-carbazolyl)pyridine, is introduced to improve the thermal stability of spiro-MeOTAD and enable solar cells to perform more reliably under harsh conditions.

This study shows that keto-enol tautomerism in 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde (Tp) imine COFs acts as variable electron/hole traps, boosting exciton dissociation and charge transfer. Tp COF (TpBpy) achieves an photocatalytic H₂O₂ generation rate of 8350 μmol h^-1 g^-1 under simulated light, and a solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency of 0.038% in a flow reactor under natural sunlight.

This is a protocol for the large-scale expansion of proliferating human hepatocytes derived from human donor livers. These can be rematured in a three-dimensional culture system and are amenable to genetic manipulation.

This study reports age-dependent negative correlations between temporal changes in maximal leaf area index and growing season length, indicating contrasting leaf acclimation strategies driving vegetation greening in young versus old deciduous broadleaf forests.

Cationic polymers conventionally kill bacteria via physical membrane disruptions. Here, the authors report the development of carbon acid cationic polymers that show potent activity against multidrug-resistant strains in murine infection models and prevent bovine mastitis, and present evidence that these polymers translocate across bacterial membrane aided by N-heterocyclic carbene.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Target identification of natural products plays a critical role in the development of innovative drugs. Here, this group integrates molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations on Bufalin and reports the potential targets as well as its role in reversing endocrine resistance.

Conventional iridium catalysts suffer from instability due to surface amorphization into hydrous IrOx phase during reaction. Here, the authors report how a TiOx@Ti support transforms iridium nanoparticles into stable crystalline IrO2, enabling both high activity and durability in water electrolyzers.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

Si-based hydrogen generation via hydrolysis/methanolysis faces reactivity challenges. Here, zintl-phase alkali–Si alloys, featuring discrete Si clusters with unpaired electrons, efficiently lower activation barriers, enabling high-yield, low-temperature H₂ release.

Methane can be converted into other useful chemicals and fuels via photocatalytic oxidative coupling, yet producing molecules with more than two carbon atoms remains difficult. Here the authors show that highly strained Au confined within the nanopores of TiO₂ can convert methane to propane with high selectivity.

A combination of large-scale phylogenomic analysis, mouse lethality experiments and bacterial growth assays shows that gene loss in the putrescine utilization pathway has enhanced biofilm formation and transmission-related characteristics in the pandemic clone of a bacterial pathogen, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, promoting successive waves of global transmission events.

Soft electronic probes for measuring neural activity can be made scalably in an initially planar form and turned into various three-dimensional geometries through a controlled rolling method.

Li and colleagues report that a septo-enteric polysynaptic circuit that is activated by chronic stress links the brain to the tumor microenvironment to promote colorectal cancer growth.

By modeling the brain communication as an optimal transport problem, CLRIA integrates structural and molecular data, and reveals the bias for hybrid strategy, asymmetric hierarchical signaling, and molecular perspective for state transitions.

The authors show that gymnosperm-specific CYP90J enzymes catalyze biflavonoid C-C coupling, reveal a diradical-based mechanism, and achieve microbial production of amentoflavone via synthetic biology.

In this Stage 2 Registered Report, Buchanan et al. show evidence confirming the phenomenon of semantic priming across speakers of 19 diverse languages.

The insertion of thin layers of cobalt can stabilize β-tungsten under back-end-of-line thermal constraints, allowing a 64-kb spin–orbit torque magnetic random-access memory to be fabricated that offers a spin–orbit torque switching of 1 ns, data retention of more than 10 years and a tunnelling magnetoresistance of 146%.

The immune response involves multiple cell state transitions and complex gene expression changes. Here, the authors establish scIVNL-seq to survey time-resolved RNA dynamics of immune cells during Salmonella infection, revealing distinct RNA control strategies and cell activation patterns underlying immune responses.