Search

HIV-1 integrase forms an RNA-binding module on the luminal side of the mature capsid lattice.

Many GPCRs signal from endosomes, which requires active G proteins at this location. Here, the authors describe how active Gα_s accumulates on endosomes and reveal location-biased selectivity in GPCR-mediated G protein activation.

Large biospecimen banks are limited by a lack of fast, flexible, database-like retrieval. Here, authors encode metadata as DNA barcodes on silica-encapsulated samples and demonstrate numerical range, categorical, and Boolean queries, enabling rapid, precise recall from pooled DNA/RNA archives.

Here, the authors develop Q4ddPCR, a high-throughput assay to quantify genetically intact HIV reservoirs by targeting four regions, and demonstrate that it reduces assay dropout to 5%, tracks reservoir decay, and closely correlates with viral outgrowth.

Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributes to plaque progression in atherosclerosis. Here, Ayllon et al. show that the protein TWIST1 drives endothelial cell plasticity in atherosclerosis, promoting plaque growth and stability while reducing features linked to rupture, challenging the view that these cell changes always worsen disease.

DNA methylation heterogeneity and dynamics hinder distinguishing early pathological changes from normal variation. Here, the authors identify stable sites whose disruption is linked to blood cancers, aging, and cardiovascular risk.

Visible-light-mediated intramolecular [2+2] cycloaddition of aza-1,6-dienes gives bridged, not fused, heterocycles, in violation of the ‘rule-of-five’, which dictates that five-membered rings are preferentially formed. This method allows a variety of bridged bicyclic scaffolds to be accessed, enabling drug-relevant properties to be readily tuned.

HECT-type ubiquitin ligases control many cellular processes but remain poorly characterised in their full-length form. Here, the authors present a biochemical analysis and cryo-EM structures of the cancer-associated ligase HECTD3 revealing an interesting domain architecture and mechanistic insights.

De novo Calcineurin (CN) variants cause DEE91, with E282K being the most common. E282K alters CN’s acidic substrate binding pocket to basic, thus shifting substrate preference and dephosphorylation signaling, subsequently impacting neurodevelopment.

Meningiomas are common brain tumors with variable behavior. This study reveals high STING expression across multiple cell types in the meningioma microenvironment. STING agonism triggers tumor cell death via programmed necrosis and pyroptosis, enhancing survival in preclinical models.

Neoantigen-based adoptive T cell therapies represent a personalized approach for cancer immunotherapy. Here the authors describe NEO-STIM, an ex vivo T cell induction platform to STIMulate peripheral blood T cells to generate responses against tumor NEOantigens.

Donahue et al. show that ageing is associated with changes in ER morphology. ER-phagy drives age-associated ER remodelling through tissue-specific factors.

Therapy to allergy often targets a specific allergen without addressing cross-reactivity. Here the authors develop a consensus, cross-reactive allergen, use mRNA-lipid nanoparticle immunization to induce specific, neutralizing IgG responses, but find no therapeutic effects in mouse allergy models, hinting the need for further optimization prior to translation.

For Nature Aging’s fifth anniversary, we acknowledge the essential work that is done by our colleagues, without which Nature Aging’s monthly publication would not be possible. We speak with some of our internal colleagues about the process of making a journal every month. Rebecca Roberts is a production editor at Springer Nature, Mark McGranaghan is a senior sub editor, Lauren Snape is an art editor and Amanda Karmolinski is a senior editorial assistant. In this Q&A, Rebecca, Mark, Lauren and Amanda pull back the curtain and tell us about the various roles that go into putting it all together.

Histological analysis of the human pancreas provides insight into initiation and progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here the authors utilize pancreatic tissue sections across different disease stages and apply whole slide imaging and digital pathology to identify endocrine cell composition, immune cell burden and spatial islet relationships in health and over the course of T1D.

Cue-evoked striatal dopamine release in mice encodes bidirectional trajectory errors, spatially and temporally separated from value coding, reflecting the relationship between the speed and direction of ongoing movement relative to optimal goal trajectories.

People living with multiple long-term conditions often experience reduced quality of life, but evidence from Southeast Asia is fragmented. Here the authors show that commonly used tools indicate moderately reduced yet generally good quality of life, highlighting the need for context-sensitive measurement approaches.

From 2014–2017, marine heatwaves caused global mass coral bleaching, where the corals lose their symbiotic algae. The authors find, this event exceeded the severity of all prior global bleaching events in recorded history, with approximately half the world’s reefs bleaching and 15% experiencing substantial mortality.

How the brain supports speaking and listening during conversation of its natural form remains poorly understood. Here, by combining intracranial EEG recordings with Natural Language Processing, the authors show broadly distributed frontotemporal neural signals that encode context-dependent linguistic information during both speaking and listening..

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

Therapies combining chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown limited efficacy in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here the authors report the results of a pilot phase 1 trial of neoadjuvant modified Folfirinox plus nivolumab in borderline-resectable PDAC, including safety, efficacy and immunological correlates.

Chlorine electrosynthesis from seawater is limited by poor selectivity and stability under industrial-scale conditions. Here atomic-step-enriched ultrafine high-entropy alloy nanowires enable highly efficient chlorine evolution at 10 kA m⁻² for over 5,500 h through dynamic Pt–O active sites, reducing electricity consumption and feedstock costs for next-generation chlor-alkali processes.

Here, the authors show that 2’-O-methylated RNA fragments from ribosomal RNA naturally block TLR7 and TLR8, helping to avoid avoid harmful self-RNA detection and autoimmunity.

The existing ENCODE registry of candidate human and mouse cis-regulatory elements is expanded with the addition of new ENCODE data, integrating new functional data as well as new cell and tissue types.

The SONAR trial showed that the endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan improves kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease, though individual responses varied. Here the authors report exploratory analyses of the SONAR trial that identify urinary clusterin as a potential predictor of kidney disease progression and response atrasentan in type 2 diabetes.

Climate change can alter when and how animals grow, breed, and migrate, but it is unclear whether this allows populations to persist. This global study shows that shifts in seasonal timing are key to helping vertebrate species maintain population growth under global warming.

Analysis of the somatic and transcriptomic profile of 123 acral melanoma samples from Mexican patients helps understand tumour origins and prognosis, and highlights the importance of including samples from diverse ancestries in cancer genomics studies.

KRAS mutations are keenly associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and represent a potential therapeutic target. Here the authors present the findings from a phase I clinical trial testing pooled KRAS mutant peptides in combination with immune checkpoint blockade in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Crystalline materials for optical applications are synthesized in living dinoflagellates.

Accurate determination of population size for highly-mobile marine animals is often prohibitively difficult. Here, Bravingtonet al.estimate the abundance of southern bluefin tuna using a method based on the number of parent-offspring pairs detected genetically in samples from the catch.

TREM2 is an important AD risk factor playing essential roles in the microglial response to amyloid pathology. Here, authors show using a TREM2 reporter mouse that TREM2 levels are critical for efficacy of TREM2 agonism informing current clinical efforts.

Kornfeld-Sylla et al reveal how alpha brainwaves are altered in children and adults with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) and find parallel changes in alpha-like rhythms in juvenile and adult FXS model mice, showing their use for testing potential therapies.

Here the authors present NCATS-SM0225, a small molecule that inhibits ERAD and selectively kills cancer cells by binding VDACs, disrupting calcium homeostasis, and triggering the PERK-STIM1 pathway to degrade ERAD regulators.

A wearable that continuously measures the concentration of a drug is demonstrated in humans.

A national classification system of wetland hydrologic connectivity to streams, which could be applied globally, demonstrates and advances current understanding of how wetland connectivity affects surface water quality.

The substantia nigra and all Parkinson’s disease deep-brain stimulation targets are selectively connected to the somato-cognitive action network rather than to effector-specific motor regions.

The authors use data on the entire Finnish population to develop a machine learning model for predicting COVID-19 vaccination uptake. Important predictors are proxies of socio-economic status, and those at high risk for COVID-19 consequences are less likely to get vaccinated.

The Ocean Equity Index provides a systematic, twelve-criteria framework to assess and improve equity in ocean initiatives, projects and policies, producing structured data that guide evidence-based decisions and support more equitable outcomes for coastal communities and ecosystems.

Cosgun et al. show that, in B cell leukemia, β-catenin expression is maintained at low levels through glycogen synthase kinase 3B (GSK3β)-mediated phosphorylation. Inhibition of GSK3β results in β-catenin–Ikaros–NuRD complex formation, leading to B-ALL cell death through MYC repression.

Real-time imaging in zebrafish shows that macrophages convert fast osmotic wound signals into rapid vessel permeabilization via cPla₂-dependent nuclear membrane mechanotransduction.

Climate limits where insects can live and which species can coexist. Using thermal tolerances of 653 moths on Asian mountains, this study shows warmer temperatures broaden thermal tolerance traits diversity; daily variation has little influence, and strong seasonality mildly weakens this pattern.

Compiling data on floral introductions and European colonial history of regions worldwide, the authors find that compositional similarity of floras is higher than expected among regions once occupied by the same empire and similarity increases with the length of time the region was occupied by that empire.

Experimental evidence demonstrates long-distance remote epitaxial interactions of thin films even through thick amorphous carbon buffer layers and shows that these can be induced through dislocations in the substrate.

Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 58 independent risk loci for major anxiety disorders among individuals of European ancestry and implicates GABAergic signaling as a potential mechanism underlying genetic risk for these disorders.

Natural genetic variation of photosynthesis is an underexplored resource for plant genetic improvement. Here, the authors find allelic variations of YS1 affect Arabidopsis photosynthesis acclimation using genome-wide association study, reverse genetics, and quantitative complementation approaches.

The properties of electronic transport through edge states of three-dimensional quantum Hall-like states are not yet resolved. Now, increasing the surface area of the edges is shown to produce increased conductance, suggesting that chiral surface states are present.

Hepatic glycogenolysis is essential for protein glycosylation and rhythmic secretion by the liver. Disruptions to hepatic glycogenolysis, caused by congenital diseases or physiological factors such as obesity, caloric restriction and changes to meal timing, alter hepatic protein secretion.

Deep brain stimulation tuned to cue-reactivity within the nucleus accumbens region reduced drug cravings, heralding an evocation-based programming strategy for opioid use disorder.