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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome following SARS-CoV-2 infection results from increased serum levels of TGFβ, which impairs the reactivation of virus-specific T cells.

The biophysical dynamic behaviors of artificial lipid droplets (LDs) are still under investigated. Here, the authors construct artificial LDs via the spontaneous interfacial self-assembly of amphipathic phospholipid and protein around tributyrin/2-ethylhexyl acetate in aqueous solution and demonstrate that endocytosis-like behavior can be triggered by the lipase-based hydrolysis reaction.

Criegee intermediates play an important role in atmospheric chemistry but their direct study has proved difficult. Transient infrared absorption spectroscopy has now been used to probe the decay kinetics of the Criegee intermediate CH₂OO directly, revealing that its self-reaction is extremely rapid. This may have important consequences for the interpretation of previous laboratory experiments.

The authors present a soft metalens (SML) with tungsten-gel composite for ultra-broadband transcranial focus, significantly enhancing intracranial sound pressure and spatial resolution. This breakthrough advances underwater sonar, medical ultrasound imaging, and non-invasive detection for energy transmission.

East, South, and Southeast Asia are key regions in the dissemination of seasonal influenza viruses, but major perturbations (e.g., pandemics) may disrupt their role. Here, the authors demonstrate the impact of the 2009 H1N1 and COVID-19 pandemics on seasonal influenza circulation and evolution within Southeastern Asia.

Here, the authors identify lysine-specific demethylase 1 is a homologous recombination (HR) regulator. Its inhibitor induces HR deficiency and sensitizes HR-proficient ovarian cancer cells to PARP inhibitors, which expand the use of PARP inhibitors.

Gold-nanoparticle-coated titania nanowire arrays subretinally implanted in blind mice and monkeys offer advantages in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity towards the restoration of visual function.

The mechanisms underlying diabetic neuropathy remain elusive. Here, the authors identify that UCHL1 deubiquitinase positively regulates insulin signaling and its loss leads to axonal degeneration of sensory neurons.

Rearrangement reactions serve as crucial steps in syntheses of biologically active products and also provide intellectual and conceptual curiosities within the broad field of organic chemistry. Here, the authors report an electrophilic selenylation/semipinacol rearrangement of allenols, catalysed by a chiral Lewis base.

The dynamical axion quasiparticle, which is directly analogous to the hypothetical fundamental axion particle, is observed in two-dimensional MnBi₂Te₄, and has implications for quantum chromodynamics, cosmology and string theory.

Regioselective C–H functionalization of pyridines remains a persistent challenge due to their inherent electronically deficient properties. Here, the authors present a strategy for the selective pyridine C3-H thiolation, selenylation, and fluorination under mild conditions via classic N-2,4-dinitrophenyl Zincke imine intermediates.

Predicting the drug response of patients with cancer is crucial for implementing targeted therapy. Here, Su et al. make patient-derived cell lines and perform targeted sequencing and RNA-seq to identify CDKN2A/2B loss as a predictor of response to CDK4/6 inhibitors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Efficient charge separation plays a crucial role in enhancing artificial photocatalysis. Here, the authors report an alkali etching method to construct an electron transfer layer on BiVO₄:Mo photocatalysts, leading to a charge separation efficiency exceeding 90% at 420 nm.

A complete genome assembly of a crab-eating macaque, revealing 46% fewer segmental duplications and 3.83 times longer centromeres than those of humans, is presented, enhancing understanding of lineage-specific phenotypes, adaptation and primate evolution.

Fur farming represents an important hub of cross-species transmission for viral zoonoses.

To improve the tolerance of perovskite solar cells against high temperatures and temperature variations, Dong et al. covalently cross-link two molecules in the charge transport layer to strengthen adhesion with the perovskite layer.

Although ammonia synthesis represents a major chemical industry, developing highly effective non-iron catalysts is a challenging task. Now it has been shown that anchoring fullerene onto non-iron transition metals separates and activates catalytic sites for hydrogen and nitrogen intermediates, boosting ammonia synthesis rates.

Evidence for the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate COPD is limited. Here, the authors show that long-term treatment with high-dose N-acetylcysteine neither significantly reduced the annual rate of total exacerbations nor improve lung function in patients with mild-tomoderate COPD.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

Interphases are crucial in electrochemical systems, but their role in CO₂ electroreduction remains underexplored. Here, the authors report their importance in improving electrocatalytic performance by systematically investigating 180 molecular modifiers using an automatic electrocatalysis platform.

The authors present a photocatalytic method to selectively oxidize glycerol to hydroxypyruvic acid over rubidium–iridium catalytic pairs on poly(heptazine imides) under visible-light illumination.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by rapid deterioration of liver function in patients with chronic liver disease. Here, the authors show that BTLA expression in CD4⁺ T cells is associated with disease severity and inflammation in hepatitis B virus-related ACLF.

A large-scale photonic accelerator comprising more than 16,000 components integrated on a single chip to process MAC operations is described, demonstrating ultralow latency and reduced computing time compared with a commercially available GPU.

Wang et al. reveal a noncanonical mechanism for EZH2 in binding the oncoprotein cMyc to promote tumorigenesis, and develop a small-molecule degrader, MS177, to target both canonical and noncanonical functions of EZH2 to suppress tumour growth.

The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant has spread rapidly worldwide. Here, the authors characterise a single chain of transmission of Delta in China, and find evidence that it is more infectious and replicates faster during early infection compared to early pandemic lineages.

Here, the authors report structures of corticotropin releasing factor receptor 2 (CRF2R) bound to agonist Urocortin 1 (UCN1) and coupled to G proteins G₁₁ and G_o, offering insight into the structural basis for the ability of CRF2R to couple with multiple G protein subtypes.

The fabrication of artificial crystals by reassembling monolayer semiconductors enables on-demand engineering of their excitonic properties. Here, the authors report an efficient stacking method to fabricate millimetre-scale van der Waals homo-/hetero-crystals, demonstrating enhanced monolayer-like photoluminescence emission and quadrupolar interlayer exciton emission.

A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of the elite Gossypium hirsutum variety ZM113 provides insights into upland cotton short-season adaptation and identifies a repositioned, satellite repeat-rich centromere.

A zeolite-confined Cu single-atom cluster was developed for the electrochemical CO reduction application, which can achieve stable CO-to-acetate conversion at an industrial current density of 1 A cm⁻² at 2.7 V with a high acetate Faraday efficiency for over 1,000 h at atmospheric pressure.

Glass sulfide electrolytes are promising materials for solid-state Li metal batteries, yet limited understanding hinders their progress. Here, the authors decipher the dissolution process of halogen dopants in glass and introduce a synthetic strategy to increase halogen dopant’s dissolution capacity.

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UCAR) is associated with various clinical outcomes such as kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Here, the authors report genome-wide meta-analysis in over 500,000 individuals and find 68 UACR loci, followed by statistical fine-mapping, gene prioritization and experimental validation in flies.

The management of charge carrier recombination and transport in heterojunction back contact solar cells poses significant challenges in achieving a high efficiency. Here, authors analyze various loss mechanisms of devices fabricated by laser patterning, and achieve a certified efficiency of 27.09%.

Traditional bromine chemistry uses Br₂, which is environmentally unfriendly and wasteful. Here, the authors design a scalable electrochemical route to synthesize Br-substituted molecules using NaBr over Co₃O₄ under mild conditions and with high selectivity.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) uses Fenton chemistry to covert hydrogen peroxide in cancer cells to toxic hydroxyl radicals, but endogenous hydrogen peroxide is insufficient to drive sustainable CDT. Here, the authors report a water oxidation CoFe Prussian blue nanoframe to provide sustained, external energy free self-supply of hydroxyl radicals for CDT.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Here the authors show an oxygen gradient chip that separates aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma cells from a heterogeneous tumor mass, mirroring the conditions of the portal vein, hepatic artery, and liver.

High-throughput computational screening of multicomponent molecular photocatalytic systems offers a strategy to minimize the screening of large numbers of photosensitizer–catalyst combinations. Here a machine learning-accelerated approach using multiple descriptors shows strong predictive power in experimentally validated systems for CO₂ reduction.

An interpretable transformer-based model leveraging graph representation learning accurately predicts cancer genes across homogeneous and heterogeneous pan-cancer networks of biological interactions.

Here, the authors performed plasma proteomics and metabolomics analysis and identify the vinculin (VCL) pathway as a key mediator of lung exudation in SARS-CoV-2 infections, particularly associated with Omicron infection. In a mouse model of infection inhibition of VCL leads to reduced lung pathology.

How obesity causes cardiac dysfunction is not fully understood. Here, the authors show that a high fat diet inhibits the activity of RabGAP AS160 in the heart, causing pathological metabolic remodeling and altering calcium signaling.

The cryo-EM structures of SOS1 in the auto-inhibited and activated states reveal that SOS1 undergoes an inhibition–release process upon activation and uses an elevator transport mechanism for Na⁺/H⁺ exchange in response to salt stress.

Macrophages play a key role in atherosclerosis through lipid uptake and inflammation. Here, the authors show that RNF128 promotes atherosclerosis by stabilizing scavenger receptor B1 (SRB1) via polyubiquitination, enhancing foam cell formation and inflammation, while its ablation reduces plaque formation in hyperlipidemic mice.

Analyses of in vivo models, cell lines and patient-derived samples show that apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic subunit 3B (APOBEC3B) not only restrains lung tumor initiation but also that its upregulation is associated with resistance to targeted therapies. This study highlights the complex and context-dependent role of APOBEC3B in lung cancer.