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Despite improving therapeutic options, the prognosis for patients with metastatic castration-resistance prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains poor. Here, the authors identify MCL1 copy number alterations as a prognostic and predictive biomarker, demonstrating its therapeutic potential as a drug target, either alone or in combination, in patients with mCRPC.

Brain-wide recordings in mice reveal that prior expectations are distributed through recurrent loops across all levels of cortical and subcortical processing.

Aqueous two-phase systems have potential as biomimetic materials, but often lack stability and are prone to collapse. Here, the authors use interfacial assembly of chitin nanofibres and cellulose nanocrystals to prepare a biobased system with permeability and switchable motility.

In an integrated analysis of transcriptomic data from the SUBSPACE consortium and public datasets of patients with sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, trauma and burns, dysregulation within four consensus molecular clusters related to myeloid and lymphoid cells is associated with mortality and illness severity.

Speech brain-computer interfaces face challenges scaling across individuals with different brain organization. Using minimally invasive recordings from 25 patients, the authors developed transfer learning methods that enable robust speech decoding even with incomplete brain coverage.

Understanding the mechanisms behind clinical immunity to malaria is crucial for developing effective interventions. Here, the authors demonstrate that clinical immunity to Plasmodium vivax develops rapidly after a single controlled human malaria infection, reducing inflammatory responses and protecting against symptoms, while not significantly affecting parasite load.

Resistance mutations in BCL-2 reduce the clinical efficacy of venetoclax. DeAngelo et al. show stapled BAD BH3 peptides can retain and even enhance binding to these mutants, offering a structurally informed strategy to overcome this mechanism of cancer drug resistance.

Dendritic cells are supplied antigens by other cells such as lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) at late time points after immunization. Here the authors show antigen archiving is defined by a transcriptional program that can predict antigen archiving depending on the priming pathogen, and that boosting of immune responses increases the archiving.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

Graphene systems have the potential to host Wigner crystal states at zero magnetic field. Here, the authors report transport signatures consistent with Wigner crystallization in AB-stacked bilayer graphene at both zero and finite magnetic fields.

Results from the randomized, noncomparative, phase 2 MATISSE trial show that ultra-short neoadjuvant therapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab can prevent surgery and radiotherapy in patients with resectable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, with an early decrease in total lesion glycolysis by [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT associated with response.

Hidden catalysis plagues catalyst development and occurs when an impurity or species generated in situ facilitates the reaction instead of the intended catalyst. Current methods to identify hidden catalysis require time-consuming, labour-intensive mechanistic analyses, so limiting widespread use. A colorimetric indicator has been developed that enables rapid, visual detection of hidden borane catalysis.

A study of several longitudinal birth cohorts and cross-sectional cohorts finds only moderate overlap in genetic variants between autism that is diagnosed earlier and that diagnosed later, so they may represent aetiologically different conditions.

Head motion is an artifact in structural and functional MRI signals, and some traits or groups are more strongly correlated with motion than others. Here the authors describe a method to attribute a motion impact score to specific trait-functional connectivity relationships.

Using two wavelengths to activate different photoreactions in a resin system has attracted attention in the scientific community. Here, the authors use wavelength orthogonal photochemistry to spatially control the curing kinetics of a thiol-ene photopolymerization reaction.

Distinguishing glioblastoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains challenging due to their overlapping pathology features. Here, the authors develop a computational tool, PICTURE, for differentiating similar pathological features enabling improved diagnosis of CNS tumours.

The International Brain Laboratory presents a brain-wide electrophysiological map obtained from pooling data from 12 laboratories that performed the same standardized perceptual decision-making task in mice.

In this study, the authors determine the structure of a Type I-A retron from E. coli FORC82 and reveal the functional interplay between Reverse Transcriptases (RTs) and Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) ATPases.’

Indonesian cattle are unique due to their history of admixture involving both zebu and banteng. Here, Wang et al. identify ~3.5 million novel introgressed SNP variants and provide a genomic map of banteng introgression within and across many cattle breeds, each with unique introgression histories.

Kidney shortages limit treatment options for patients with end-stage kidney disease, prompting exploration of xenotransplantation. Here, the authors show that a genetically modified pig kidney sustained essential functions in a living human for 51 days, informing future clinical strategies.

This work reveals how a regulatory domain in O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA) shapes enzyme flexibility and activity, uncovering mechanisms that help maintain O-GlcNAc balance in cells.

Understanding charge storage in supercapacitors remains a challenge. Here, authors use operando X-ray scattering to show that selective anion immobilization in MOF-based electrodes leads to a cation-driven charge storage mechanism.

An inherently explainable AI trained on 1,015 expert-annotated prostate tissue images achieved strong Gleason pattern segmentation while providing interpretable outputs and addressing interobserver variability in pathology.

Conventional Dendritic cells (cDCs) continually migrate from peripheral tissues in homeostasis. Here, the authors analyse the homeostatic turnover of cDC subsets in the intestine from tissue entry to migration to the draining lymph nodes, noting a dynamic life cycle with changes in transcriptome and proliferation rates.

Spin-enhanced lateral flow tests use nanodiamonds for the sensitive, robust detection of disease biomarkers. Here, authors report a clinical evaluation of a test for SARS-CoV-2 antigen, finding 95.1% sensitivity (Ct ≤ 30) and 100% specificity, with detection 2.0 days earlier than conventional tests.

Weldy et al. show that smooth muscle expression of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 regulates activation of the double-stranded RNA sensor MDA5 in a novel mechanism of atherosclerosis.

Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) are aggressive and often resistant to therapy. Here, the authors provide a single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of ACCs and normal adrenal glands, finding ecotypes in steroid and microenvironment cells that are associated with clinical outcomes.

Atomistic simulations are important for phase-change materials and devices. Here, the authors present fast and accurate machine-learned potentials, enabling full-cycle device-scale simulations and showcasing applications in studying memory and neuromorphic computing devices.

Researchers induced ploidy reduction in human oocytes generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer, enabling fertilization and embryo development with integrated somatic and sperm chromosomes, highlighting a proof-of-concept for in vitro gametogenesis.

Spatial transcriptomic studies and lineage tracing reveal that, after brain injury, transient profibrotic fibroblasts develop from existing brain fibroblasts, infiltrate lesions, regulate the local immune response and lead to beneficial scar tissue formation.

Here, the authors found that human NAT16 acetylates histidine in vitro and in vivo. Biochemical and structural characterisation uncovered a double-GNAT fold with distinct active site architecture that is conserved across species.

Cell state plasticity of neuroblastoma cells is linked to therapy resistance. Here, the authors develop a transcriptomic and epigenetic map of indisulam (RBM39 degrader) resistant neuroblastoma, demonstrating bidirectional cell state switching accompanied by increased NK cell activity, which they therapeutically enhance by the addition of an anti-GD2 antibody.

Nuclear architecture depends on proper regulation of lamin A/C modifications. Here, the authors show that TAF4A and NF-Y control Kansl2 expression in muscle stem cells, preserving genome stability and supporting muscle regeneration.

The authors use atomistic calculations with machine-learned interatomic potentials to show that dislocation motion in metals like iron and tungsten involves a nearly constant activation entropy, challenging prior models and improving strength predictions.

Kinetics for a multi-cleavage reaction of polyproteins and the viral protease from four human coronaviruses reveals that processing speed and order are not conserved. Moreover, full processing is not always a requirement for complex formation.

The PhenoSphere is a unique plant cultivation facility in which field-like environments can be simulated. Here, the authors find that a single season simulation is superior to an averaged season and to a climatized glasshouse cultivation to elicit field-like phenotypes evaluated in 11 maize lines.

Researchers developed a programmable metamaterial that enables real-time shaping of low-frequency vibrations. Using simple, off-the-shelf components, it unlocks applications ranging from refreshable multi-touch tactile displays to analog computing.

The hyper-diverse tropical forests of the Amazon store vast carbon stocks, but whether this diversity increases their resistance to future drought remains uncertain. This simulation study suggests that higher diversity in plant functional traits increases biomass resistance to both short- and long-term drought.

The authors propose and demonstrate the concept of photonic-electronic arbitrary-waveform generation, overcoming the bandwidth limitations of all-electronic systems. The idea is to exploit quadrature multiplexing of optical waveforms and opto-electronic conversion by phase-stabilized coherent detection.

The performance of inverted perovskite solar cells has been limited by non-radiative recombination at the perovskite surfaces. Here, authors employ phosphonic acids and piperazinium chloride for homogeneous passivation, achieving certified efficiency of 28.9% for 60 cm² perovskite-silicon tandems.

Fresh ice grains from Enceladus’s plume were analysed during the highest-speed fly-by of the Cassini spacecraft. Organic compounds with a range of chemical structures were discovered, suggesting comprehensive subsurface chemistry on Enceladus.

Aortopathy poses a high risk of aortic dissection, particularly during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Here the authors report a retrospective case series of seven women with aortopathy who underwent PEARS, a surgical strategy to prevent aortic root dilatation, and a subsequent pregnancy.

CELLFIE, a CRISPR platform for optimizing cell-based immunotherapies, identifies gene knockouts that enhance CAR T cell efficacy using in vitro and in vivo screens.

The gut microbiome has been associated with pancreatic cancer. This Review summarizes the latest findings of microbiota association studies of tumours of the pancreas and outlines the mechanisms as to how the microbiome influences pancreatic cancer and the clinical potential of harnessing the microbiome in pancreatic cancer.

To address the phase instability issue of perovskites, ammonium propionic acid is introduced to enhance the phase stability of both perovskite layers in perovskite/perovskite/silicon triple-junction solar cells, resulting in improved efficiency and reproducibility.

During an ongoing Ebola virus outbreak, infection before onset of protective immunity from vaccination is a possible scenario. Here the authors show in non-human primates that vaccination shortly before treatment with a monoclonal antibody does not negatively affect effectiveness of the antibody therapy.