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This study elucidates that d-galacturonic acid and d-glucuronic acid regulate apple fruit softening by repressing MdHb1 expression through the MdMYB2/MdNAC14/MdNTL9-MdHb1 regulatory module, offering new insights into postharvest fruit quality control.

Histone crotonylation is implicated in transcriptional regulation. Here, the authors perform genome-wide mapping of histone crotonylation in mouse and human early embryos. Suppression of histone crotonylation results in developmental arrest at 2-cell stage due to impaired transcriptional activity. Embryos from aged female mice exhibit diminished histone crotonylation, while sodium crotonate supplementation facilitates blastocyst formation.

Here the authors apply long read sequencing to identify transcripts expressed during early zebrafish embryogenesis, including transposable elements (TE). They find zygotic TE activation occurs later than zygotic genome activation (ZGA) and has a bias for nuclear localized TE transcripts.

This study leverages single-nucleus multiomics to map cellular senescence atlas in aging human skeletal muscle and uncovers potential targets and senotherapeutics for treating age-associated sarcopenia.

Stimuli-responsive single-component multi-emissive materials offer unique advantages in photoluminescence. Single-component multi-emissive materials with stimuli-responsive properties offer unique advantages in the field of multicolor-tunable photoluminescence.

A high-peak-power low-duty-cycle pulsed fibre laser enables stimulated Brillouin scattering microscopy with pixel dwell times as low as 0.2 ms and spatial resolution as low as 500 nm and 2 μm in the lateral and axial directions, respectively.

Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) are denervated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through unknown mechanisms. Here, the authors show immune cells infiltrating muscle of ALS patients and mouse models, driven by CCL2-CCR2, which can be blocked to protect NMJs.

LaccID, an engineered laccase, enables hydrogen-peroxide-free proximity labeling and electron microscopy (EM) in mammalian cells. Notably, LaccID is selectively active at the cell surface, enabling the mapping of the dynamic T cell–tumor surfaceome and its use as a genetically encodable EM tag, expanding the toolkit for cell-based imaging and proteomics.

This study identifies the compound napabucasin as a promising candidate against refractory Helicobacter pylori infections, demonstrating efficacy compared to standard triple therapy in murine infection models, and probing the mechanism of action.

GeneAgent is a language agent using large language models and self-verification to improve gene-set function annotation.

The genomic organisation of the cattle genome has been assembled to a limited level of resolution. Here using long range nanopore sequencing the authors present a cattle genome assembly concentrating on characterising the immunogenomic loci, particularly T cell receptor (TR), immunoglobulin (IG) and MHC genes, from one animal.

In an analysis of long-term safety events in 783 patients treated with T cell therapy in 38 trials, 2.3% of patients developed second primary malignancies, and vector integration analyses revealed no pathological insertions.

The development of exciplex-type hosts for thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diodes is hindered by a lack of structural information for these donor:acceptor blends. Here, the authors report the pump-probe Step-Scan Fourier transform IR spectra for a D:A exciplex host.

Ferroelectric ordering of water has been at the heart of intense debates due to its importance in enhancing our understanding of the condensed matter. Here, the authors observe ferroelectric properties of water ice in a two dimensional phase under confinement between two graphene layers.

Frequencies for motor kinematics are encoded by the cerebellum through population tuning of firing probabilities, which leads to cerebellar oscillations and corresponding motions.

C–C bond cleavage and recombination provide an efficient strategy for the modification and reconstruction of molecular structures. Herein, the authors report a method to achieve amidation of aryl C(sp2)–H bonds by cleavage and recombination of C–C triple bonds with the participation of nitrous acid esters.

Alfajaro et al identify that a bat MERS-like coronavirus HKU5 uses ACE2 as a receptor from its natural bat reservoir Pipistrellus abramus and American mink. Structural analyses demonstrate a unique interaction between the HKU5 receptor binding domain and bat ACE2. This highlights the receptor flexibility of merbecoviruses and identifies mink as potential intermediate hosts, informing viral surveillance and countermeasure development.

Efficient and stable catalysts are essential for advancing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis. In this study, a strain heterogeneity engineering strategy with single Pt atoms is used to enhance the activity and stability of RuO₂ for the oxygen evolution reaction.

Macrophages play essential roles in the progression and rupture of atherosclerosis. Here, the authors report an adaptable platelet-protein platform tailored for the targeted delivery of both antioxidant nanocatalysts and TRAF6 inhibitor to advance synergistic therapy for atherosclerosis.

Xue et al. report self-powered photoelectrochemical photodetectors based on CuOx decorated AlGaN nanowires with staggered energy band structure. High-energy photons can be absorbed by CuOx to trigger the multiexciton generation effect, enabling an external quantum efficiency of 131.5% at 255 nm.

Receptor tyrosine kinases play a key role in the regulation of intracellular signal transduction revealing their potential for targeted therapy. Here this group reports an aptamer-directed phosphatase recruiting chimeras for direct dephosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the receptor targets thereby inhibiting transmission of phosphorylation signals both in vitro/vivo.

The difluoromethyl group is a crucial fluorinated moiety, and the synthesis of chiral CF₂H-containing analogs is a powerful strategy in drug design and screening. Here, the authors report a strategy for the asymmetric construction of carbon stereocenters featuring a difluoromethyl group via nickel-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling.

Existing photo-controlled CRISPR diagnostic methods suffer from limited universality, high cost, and low detection efficiency. Here, the authors develop a photo-caging strategy designed for the direct repeat (DR) region of Cas12a crRNA, enabling a broadly applicable one-pot detection platform

Current synthetic gene switches face limitations including cytotoxicity and long-term side-effects. Here, authors present an aspirin-activated system, demonstrating the regulation of insulin expression in diabetic mice, restoring glucose levels, alleviating pain, and reducing biomarkers of inflammation.

Ward et al. utilise electronic health records to identify groups of adults (who had received a second booster dose of a COVID-19 vaccine) at elevated risk of COVID-19 death.

Solid-state lithium batteries typically utilize heterogeneous composite cathodes with conductive additives, which limit energy density and cycle life. Here the authors present a cathode material that exhibits efficient mixed conduction and near-zero volume change during cycling, thereby improving battery performance.

The Mizoroki–Heck reaction and its reductive analogue are staples of organic synthesis, but the ensuing products often lack a chemical handle for further transformation. Here the authors present a method to add a heterocycle and transformable halide across a double bond via iridium photocatalysis.

A universal AI-powered pipeline for fast, precise and plug-and-play image analysis of diverse 3D cellular structures across multiple imaging resolutions.

Active chlorine is the most widely used water disinfectant, but its production has environmental consequences. This work shows a photoelectrochemical synthetic route using only solar energy and seawater.

Using fMRI, this study developed a brain signature for affective arousal that demonstrates high sensitivity across valence while remaining distinct from autonomic arousal and wakefulness, offering broad applications.

Together with a companion paper, the generation of a transcriptomic atlas for the mouse lemur and analyses of example cell types establish this animal as a molecularly tractable primate model organism.

Small circular RNAs encoding one or more antigens and enclosed in subcutaneously injected lipid nanoparticles can elicit potent and durable antitumour T cell responses for robust tumour immunotherapy, particularly in combination with immune checkpoint inhibition, as shown in multiple mouse models of tumours.

Acetylation is a posttranscriptional modification widely distributed across RNA types. Here, the authors uncover the role of tRNA ac⁴C12 for translational efficiency and tRNA quality control in both normal and heat stress conditions in mammalian cells.