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GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) often contain regulatory PH domains. In this work, Soubias et al, using an integrated structure-function approach, discovered a mechanism where a GAP PH domain binds directly to a GTPase to induce allosteric changes facilitating GTP hydrolysis.

This study presents FolTAC-dual, a folate receptor-mediated platform for dual degradation of EGFR/HER2 and PD-L1/VISTA, offering a strategy to overcome drug resistance and enhance antitumor immunity for cancer treatment.

Two phase 2 trials, along with translational analysis of prospective cohorts and experimental analysis, indicate that immunosenescence as a mechanism of resistance to immunotherapy can be overcome with the senolytics dasatinib and quercetin in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

The country’s plan to reduce greenhouse gases will largely determine the world’s emissions trajectory, researchers say.

Traditional methods for tuning the dimensions of organic electronic device structures often rely on cumbersome processes with limited resolution. Here, the authors report ultraviolet irradiation in ambient conditions for tuning structural parameters for organic small molecule hole transport layers.

Here, the authors identify a copy number variation containing three enhancers (PIHEC) that drives bilateral constricted ear by co-ordinately regulating HMX1 expression, revealing how aberrant Hmx1 expression in neural crest-derived fibroblasts disrupts outer ear development.

This paper determines the oxygen fugacity of the Chang’e-6 basalts from the South Pole–Aitken (SPA) basin on the farside of the Moon. The results show that the mantle beneath the farside SPA basin is more reduced than that beneath the nearside, as determined by the Apollo and Chang’e-5 basalts.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Using more renewable energy to produce exported goods can cut global trade emissions, but current data lack detail. This study now provides a global dataset of renewable energy use in exports from 2011 to 2022, complementing trade analyses and revealing trends and gaps between countries and industries.

Combining antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting HER2 has been shown to improve efficacy in patients with advanced HER2+ breast cancer. Here, the authors report a randomised phase 2b trial comparing neoadjuvant ARX788 (HER2 ADC) plus pyrotinib (HER1, HER2 and HER4 TKI) against neoadjuvant standard of care (docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab) for the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Dendritic cell-based therapies have been exploited as immunotherapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. Here the authors report a platform integrating antigen-capturing nanoparticles and type 1 conventional dendritic cells for in situ cancer immunization, promoting anti-tumor immunity in preclinical models.

Transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) has been shown to be upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here the authors report that TfR1 can be targeted in hypoxic NPC lesions using ferritin nanozymes.

Surfactant-capped nanoparticles of various sizes, shapes and compositions have been completely enshrouded within a metal–organic framework in a controlled, well-dispersed manner. The resulting hybrid materials exhibit active properties — catalytic, magnetic and optical — arising from the nanoparticles as well as sieving and orientation effects originating from the porous framework.

The DAWN study is a phase 3 clinical trial that demonstrates effective glycemic control of dorzagliatin as an add-on therapy to metfomin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a contagious DNA virus causing lethal disease in swine. This study reveals structures of ASFV RNA polymerase bound to protein M1249L, showing its vital roles in regulating early transcription and packaging.

Here, the authors show that HNC-1664, an adenosine analog with modifications both in ribose and base, has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against positive-strand coronaviruses and negative-strand arenaviruses in vitro and in vivo.

Jin, Du et al. develop a proteomic-based aging clock, called ProteAge, designed to estimate biological age and predict mortality risk using proteomics data from the UK Biobank. Findings reveal clear sex-specific differences in aging trajectories with women showing more complex, nonlinear patterns, whereas men tend to age in a more linear fashion.

The authors reveal the structure and gating mechanisms of BRTNaC1, a myriapod ion channel sensitive to heat and acidity. They show that a proton triggers a ‘twist the wrist’ motion, heat induces broad structural changes and testosterone inhibits channel activation.

Improved treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) can be achieved by inducing differentiation of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). Here, the authors show that zinc finger protein 117 (ZNF117) is a regulator of GSC differentiation via Notch signaling through interaction with JAG2, and can be targeted for therapy.

As cancer is increasingly considered a metabolic disorder, it is postulated that serum metabolite profiling can be a viable approach for detecting the presence of cancer. Here, the authors report a machine learning model using mass spectrometry-based liquid biopsy data for pan-cancer screening and classification.

The SEED study is a phase 3 clinical trial demonstrating a beneficial effect on glycemic control of dorzagliatin, a glucokinase activator, in drug-naive patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Two ‘superbly preserved’ fossil lampreys from the Jurassic period help piece together the past of the unusual jawless fish.

Aging increases the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, the authors present a spatial transcriptome atlas of the human prefrontal cortex in AD, revealing distinct transcriptional alterations.

A screen for clock mutants uncovered a conserved novel auxiliary NuA4 histone acetylase complex, containing orthologs of BRD-8 and BYE-1, needed for maintaining the timely Negative Element expression required for sustaining a normal circadian rhythm.

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing can be applied to FFPE tissues, but isolating intact nuclei remains challenging. Here the authors develop a low-temperature enzymatic dissociation strategy for rapid, high-yield and high-fidelity nuclei extraction, and demonstrate its applicability to single-nucleus sequencing of various sample types.

Lymphocytes need to be slowed down rapidly to enter tissues. Here the authors characterise the arrest of lymphocytes and using a calcium biosensor propose that a rapid drop in extracellular calcium concentration results in integrin activation and lymphocyte arrest.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses in populations of East Asian and European ancestries identify variant–trait associations for 44 hippocampal traits and provide insight into the genetic architectures of hippocampal and subfield volumes.

The luminescence efficiency of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles is hindered by long radiative lifetimes. Here the authors achieve short lifetimes of 2.5 ns in nanoparticles through superfluorescence by aligning a large number of coherently coupled dipoles.

A field trial succeeded in eliminating populations of the mosquito Aedes albopictus through inundative mass release of incompatible Wolbachia-infected males, which were also irradiated to sterilize any accidentally-released females, and so prevent population replacement.

The study shows that basal 20E levels are vital for larval development in Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti, with higher levels in males than in females, and 20E treatment during a specific developmental window induces female-specific lethality.

Subpopulations of Purkinje neurons display distinct transcriptomic responses and functions in associative learning.