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Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Global analysis of obesity trends from 1980 to 2024 in 200 countries and territories using data from 4,050 population-based studies reveals that framing obesity as a single global epidemic masks the highly varied dynamics across countries and age groups.

Precise transcription-repair coordination is required for efficient DSB repair. Here, the authors show that DNA-PK-mediated CRTC2 Ser433 phosphorylation, relocates DNA-PK from transcription to repair complexes and promote NHEJ. Inhibition of CRTC2 sensitizes liver cancer to radioimmunotherapy.

Glycolysis has long been considered a process restricted exclusively to the cytoplasm. Here, the authors show that a functional glycolytic pathway operates inside mitochondria to maintain organelle health, identifying the VWA8-PHB2-GRP75 complex as a critical regulator that offers a promising therapeutic target for mitochondrial diseases like retinitis pigmentosa.

Converting basic chemicals into high-value products via electrosynthesis combines sustainability with economic benefits. Here, the authors report a redox-mediated domino electrosynthesis of N,N-dimethylformamide with industrial-relevant productivity and modularized cathodic integration.

The study presents a planner-initiated framework for siting data centers, integrating reliability screening and market-impact assessment. It expands feasible locations by 9-21% when accounting for operational flexibility and reduces interconnection time by 3.5-4 years, while maintaining stable prices and reducing peak-hour price dispersion.

The authors present exciting metasurface-enabled green-smart window that combines high visible transparency, low IR emissivity for temperature stabilization, and programmable electromagnetic functions from 0° to 80° under both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations to improve the communication quality.

Palaeoproteomic analysis of ancient enamel proteins extracted from Middle Pleistocene Homo erectus specimens from the Zhoukoudian, Hexian and Sunjiadong sites in China suggests that they are a new genetic monogroup, and super-archaic introgression in Denisovans is likely to have originated from H. erectus.

Dong, Ray et al. identify salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) as potential drivers of T cell dysfunction in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of ovarian cancer.

Stabilizing high-valence ruthenium sites is key for efficient acidic water splitting but remains challenging. Here, the authors report an interstitial nitrogen doping strategy to stabilize these sites in ruthenium dioxide, achieving enhanced activity and long-term stability for hydrogen production.

A randomised trial in metformin-treated type 2 diabetes found once-weekly efsubaglutide improved HbA1c and fasting glucose, reduced weight, and enhanced meal-stimulated insulin secretion with mainly mild GI side effects.

The authors propose a 3D holographic method that generates physically consistent complex-valued light fields from multi-layer RGB-D data, achieving photorealistic defocus effects in scenes with transparency and reflection.

Bioinformatic, structural and functional analyses characterize Streptomyces antiquus insecticidal protein (SAIP) as a diphtheria toxin homologue that is lethal to insect cells and targets the Flower protein as a receptor

The efficacy and safety of albumin combined with endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke remain unclear. Here, the authors show in a randomized multicenter trial that albumin treatment reduces infarct volume growth compared with placebo without increasing safety risks.

Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction is often hindered by the competing hydrogen evolution reaction, reducing selectivity for the desired products. Here the authors demonstrate that helical chiral copper electrodes can suppress hydrogen evolution by generating spin-polarized carriers through the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect.

Perovskite solar modules suffer from reverse-bias instability. To address this, Wang et al. promote the assembly of self-assembled monolayers through hydrogen-bonding interactions with a polycarbazole template.

Organic solar cells need acceptor molecules with long exciton diffusion lengths, but most available materials fail in thick films. The authors design new fluorinated quinoxaline acceptors that significantly improve carrier mobilities resulting in superior efficiency in both binary and ternary devices.

Social comparison modulates effort investment by dynamically updating efficacy beliefs, which subsequently govern neural preparation and the strategic allocation of effort in goal-directed behavior.

Modulating synaptic connections remains challenging. Here, the authors show that SynTrogo (Synthetic Trogocytos) is a synthetic astrocyte-neuron interaction system, and reduces synaptic connectivity, which is associated with enhanced plasticity and improved memory.

This study delineates lifespan changes in the sensorimotor-association gradient using multimodal neuroimaging data from 33,247 participants, revealing a pattern aligned with evolutionary, structural, and cognitive hierarchies within a unified neurodevelopmental framework.

The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is central to immunotherapy, but PD-L1 recycling limits durable responses. This study identifies TM9SF2 as a key regulator of PD-L1 trafficking and shows that disrupting its PGK1-dependent complex depletes PD-L1 and enhances antitumor immunity.

Direct observation of second sound in graphite at ambient conditions reveals phonon-hydrodynamic transport. By controlling isotope scattering, this work demonstrates wave-like heat propagation, exceeding conventional diffusive thermal limits.

This systematic analysis of electroactive cardiac patches with different conductivities challenges the widely accepted hypothesis that an implant conductivity similar to normal myocardium is optimal for therapeutic and clinical outcomes, and supports the claim using animal models and patient-specific theoretical modelling.

Aqueous electrolyte solutions formulated to extend anion coordination into the secondary solvation shell improve the electrochemical utilization of the Zn metal electrode, leading to more efficient zinc battery performance.

The authors identify Npr1 as a nucleophagy receptor in fission yeast that acts redundantly with Epr1 to degrade nuclear components. Tethering chromatin to the inner nuclear membrane blocks nucleophagy, suggesting a genome protection mechanism.

The flammability of the Li electrode impedes its safe application in a battery. Here, the authors develop a layered Li electrode design to eliminate corrosion between Li metal and fire retardant, and smart release fire retardant against Li combustion during heating conditions, enabling a safe Li metal battery.

Using high-resolution satellite imagery combined with a deep-learning-based framework to build a national energy inventory enables a data-driven assessment of solar–wind complementarity strategies to reduce power variability and enhance renewable energy penetration across China.

Using artificial intelligence, authors model how air pollution may increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. NPC1 is identified via genetic and laboratory analyses as a key pathway that enhances viral entry after exposure to fine particulate matter.

The mechanical stability of catalytic electrodes is crucial for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. Here, the authors report a corrosion strategy to construct an electrode with high mechanical stability by anchoring a blade-shaped catalytic layer onto a dense interlayer.

Solution processing of 2D/3D perovskite structures for solar cells offers limited control over layer formation. Lee et al. propose a dry approach, bringing the 2D and 3D perovskite layers into physical contact, to enhance the quality of the perovskite film.

FILM is a mid-infrared photothermal microscopy variant that involves optical boxcar demodulation-based illumination, denoising and spectral deconvolution. Its relatively gentle nature allows imaging of metabolic processes in organelles in cell culture as well as in Caenorhabditis elegans.

The DAMPE satellite observed a universal charge-dependent spectral softening in primary cosmic rays, and ruled out mass-dependent softening with >99.999% confidence.

CRISPR screening shows that claudin-4 is a receptor for the pro-carcinogenic B. fragilis toxin on colonic epithelial cells, and that this interaction promotes cleavage of E-cadherin, leading to epithelial barrier disruption and inflammation.

A paired electrolysis strategy enables efficient C–N coupling between lignin and various nitrogen sources (nitroaromatics and nitrogen oxides), paving the way for using renewable lignin to produce high-value nitrogen-containing aromatics.

Here, the authors show that the Saccharibacteria Nanosynbacter lyticus strain TM7x elicits limited immune activation in the oral cavity, and binds to gingival epithelial cells via a T4P-dependent mechanism, leading to clustering of TLR2 receptors and subsequent caveolin-mediated endocytosis.

Hydrogen spillover enhances hydrogen production but is hindered by electronic barriers at phase interfaces. Here, the authors report a Ni₁₇W₃-WO₂ with a built-in strain gradient and directional electron transfer to enable non-interfacial hydrogen spillover, delivering high activity and durability.

Severe humid heat stress threatens over 0.2 billion people in China during carbon dioxide removal, driven by unequal temperature/humidity adjustments, as sustained warm moisture transport prevents rapid recovery, according to moist static energy analysis.

Beta-adrenergic signalling modulates histone variant H2A.Z deposition, chromatin accessibility and chromatin loop reorganization to regulate thermogenesis in mouse and human adipocytes.

This study finds that synchronized maturation of gray matter myelination, not just white matter wiring, is strongly linked to the emergence of functional brain networks in newborns.

HorusEye is a foundation model for universal X-ray tomography restoration that learns realistic degradation directly from data. It supports imaging at substantially lower doses and reduces hardware requirements while improving expert analysis and downstream AI performance.

This study found that obesity increases the stress protein REDD1, which drives vascular ageing and high blood pressure. REDD1 activates an atypical NF-κB signaling pathway and microRNAs that switch off genes protecting blood vessels. Blocking this pathway improves vascular and kidney function in obese mice, highlighting a potential therapeutic target.

The authors demonstrate mode-multiplexed holography using current-addressed OAM components in VCSELs to increase channel capacity. Monolithic nanoprinted holograms within 100×100 μm^2 footprint enable dynamic displays with a refresh rate of ~1.93 GHz.

Genome-wide analyses of brain white matter connectome topology reveal shared genetic architecture and causal links with fluid intelligence.

Transcriptomics typically requires cell lysis, precluding longitudinal analyses. Here, the authors use virus-like particles with poly(A)- binding adapters to non-destructively export representative mRNA, enabling repeated transcriptomic profiling of neurons and differentiating stem cells.

By placing colloidal quantum dots emitting in the mid-infrared within a plasmonic resonant cavity, scientists achieve a 270-fold improvement in emission efficiency, with a power conversion efficiency of 6.8% for emission at 5 µm.