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The authors present bioinspired solid-state proton diode membranes that achieve rectified proton transport by constructing an inherent water-content gradient and asymmetric transport pathways, enables efficient force-electric conversion.

Japonica subspecies has a lower nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) than that of indica rice. Here, the authors show that natural variations in the NIN-like protein 4 (OsNLP4) encoding gene are responsible for the divergence and introgression of the indica OsNLP4 allele into elite japonica cultivar can increase NUE and grain yield.

In maize, ZmDapF1 suppresses the activity of ZmMDH6 in chloroplasts, exacerbating oxidative damage under drought. Knocking out ZmDapF1 or using its favourable allele with lower gene expression enhances drought resilience without yield penalty.

The CMS experiment at CERN reports one of the highest-precision measurements of the W boson mass, finding it in line with standard model predictions and at odds with recent anomalous measurements.

Most kiwifruit species are vulnerable to high levels of heat stress. Here, the authors report natural variation at the GATA transcription factor binding site of EGY3 gene mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis to confer kiwifruit thermotolerance.

Hybrid antiferroelectric–ferroelectric domains and domain walls in K₃[Nb₃O₆(BO₃)₂] are reported, enabled by noncollinear ordering of electric dipole moment.

The inferior heterojunction quality and misaligned energy levels at the buffer/absorber layer hinders development of antimony selenosulfide solar cells. Here, authors introduce low-work-function tantalum pentoxide dielectric layer for field-effect passivation, achieving device efficiency of 10.95%.

Stacking XA48-mediated effector-triggered immunity with XA21-mediated pattern-triggered immunity in Oryza sativa japonica reconstitutes the broad-spectrum resistance from wild rice.

Microorganisms release extracellular vesicles, but their ecological roles in natural environments remain unclear. A year-long multi-omics study reveals that environmental extracellular vesicles mediate metabolite exchange central to carbon and nitrogen cycling while stabilizing microbial communities.

A fully green printing strategy enables biodegradable and recyclable magnetoresistive sensors made from iron-based materials. By combining sustainability with high low-field sensitivity, the work opens a pathway toward environmentally responsible disposable magnetoelectronics.

Millisecond pulsar PSR J0435+3233, with a spin-down rate that is 100 times higher than those of other millisecond pulsars, occupies a unique position on the P–Ṗ diagram. This pulsar challenges classical recycling models and constrains spin-up theories.

Genetic basis of the drought tolerance of upland rice is unclear. Here, the authors report the cloning of a COBRA-like protein encoding gene DROT1 and reveal that it is repressed by ERF3 and activated by ERF71 to help control the balance between growth and drought tolerance in upland rice.

The genetically encoded voltage indicators JEDI3sub and JEDI3hyp enhance monitoring of subthreshold neuronal activity in the awake mouse brain using a variety of two-photon microscopy techniques.

Sweat sensors are important in personalized healthcare using natural oxidase to target biomolecules but these reactions are susceptible to external interference. Here, the authors report tryptophan- and histidine-treated copper metal-organic frameworks which show highly selective activity for ascorbate oxidation and can serve as an efficient ascorbate oxidase-mimicking material in sensitive sweat sensors.

Nanoscale RuO₂ thin films exhibit giant third-order longitudinal electrical transport and Hall effect at room temperature, making it a strong altermagnetic candidate material.

By projecting the multimoded, spatiotemporally structured signal photon onto a single spatial mode to herald the arrival of the idler photon, a diffraction-free single-photon space-time wave packet in the idler that did not traverse the spectral modulator is remotely prepared.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

NeAT is a computational framework that facilitates incorporating adaptive optics into custom or commercial two-photon microscopes. This allows correcting aberrations and conjugation errors in real time in the mouse brain during morphological or functional imaging.

This Review highlights emerging roles of non-m⁶A modifications, such as 5-methylcytosine, N⁴-acetylcytidine and pseudouridine, in plant mRNAs, outlining their effects on mRNA processing, development and stress adaptation, as well as advances in detection methods and future directions.

A thermally evaporated Sb₂Se₃ solar cell featuring an internal n-type/p-type homojunction achieves a power conversion efficiency of 10.15% with a voltage deficit of 0.459 V.

The electronic behaviour of complex oxides such as LaNiO₃ depends on many intrinsic and extrinsic factors, making it challenging to identify microscopic mechanisms. Here the authors demonstrate the influence of oxygen vacancies on the thickness-dependent metal-insulator transition of LaNiO₃ films.

This study reports an alkaline polymer layer-coated proton-exchange-membrane electrolyzer that enables the co-electrolysis of CO₂ and pure water, mitigating salt precipitation and carbon loss. By using an ionomer with a high ion-exchange capacity to optimize the interfacial environment, the system achieves high CO Faradaic efficiency and operational stability, including in scaled-up demonstrations.

A deep-tissue light source made from mechanoluminescent transducers stimulated by focused ultrasound enables wide imaging of live animal vasculature, and modulation of neuronal activity and behaviour.

Negative regulator of thermotolerance 1 (NAT1) is identified as a negative regulator of thermotolerance in rice through the NAT1–bHLH110–CER1/CER1L module. Modifying NAT1 by targeted gene editing increases wax deposition and enhances thermotolerance in rice.

Conversion-type batteries involving solid–solid transformations can store more energy than intercalation materials; however, their rates and cyclability have been limited by kinetics and incomplete conversion. This study introduces homonuclear dual-atom catalysts that increase the conductivity of insulating solid intermediates to enhance lithium–sulfur (and lithium–air) battery performance.

An Earth system model estimates that natural halogens, of marine biotic and abiotic origin, remove about 13% of present-day global tropospheric O₃. Projections suggest this ratio is stable through 2100, with high spatial heterogeneity, despite increasing natural halogens.

In this study, authors investigate what happens to magma before a volcanic eruption. They find that crystals react to magma flow before it reaches the surface, preserving a mechanical fingerprint of the forces driving eruptions.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Kancharla, Kelly et al. identify an acridone antimalarial potent across all major parasite life stages. Lead candidate T111 shows oral efficacy, low toxicity, and synergy with tafenoquine, providing a unique mechanism to overcome resistance.

Efficient electrical control of domain walls underpins fast, low-energy magnetic memories. Wu et al report field-free domain wall velocities of 1 km s⁻¹ at 20 MA cm⁻² in ferrimagnetic NiCo₂O₄, arising from giant nonadiabatic spin-transfer torque.

Oversimplified synthetic wastewater misjudges fouling drivers and distorts economics. This study reveals that organic synergies counterintuitively mitigate membrane fouling, advocating for compositional fidelity to bridge lab-industry gaps.

In mice, female aggression is governed by an amygdala–to–medial hypothalamus circuit that is strengthened during pregnancy and is dynamically amplified by oxytocin during lactation.

A chemical binding model that accounts for organic matter complexity resolves the interplay between the formation of iron minerals and iron organic matter phases that ultimately determines the ocean’s iron inventory.

N-desethyl-fluornitrazene is a µ-opioid receptor agonist derived from nitazenes that has supramaximal intrinsic efficacy that produces analgesia with minimal adverse effects in rodent models.

A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

The Shastry-Sutherland model consists of orthogonal dimers in a two dimensional plane, and has proved a rich basis for both theoretical and experimental investigation of quantum magnetism. Here, Brassington et al show that Yb2Be2SiO7 hosts an anisotropic variant of the Shastry Sutherland model.

Mechanical modulation of protein conformation enables the reversible induction of strong plasmon-coupled circular dichroism in otherwise achiral plasmonic assemblies.

Encoding polarization information using multiplexed off-axis holography yields a scheme for performing ultrafast chiroptical microscopy.

Fabricating coloured radiative cooling coatings that are easy to produce and do not compromise cooling performance is challenging. Ying Liu et al. develop a one-step fabrication method that yields coloured ethyl cellulose coatings while preserving high solar reflectance.

Here authors define a detailed ontology of point defects in Ti3C2 MXenes through STEM imaging, computer vision and statistical analysis, and MC-MD simulations, providing a framework to understand the 3D structure of MXenes that is applicable to a wide class of 2D materials.

Schiller and colleagues present a systematic comparison of methods that quantify whether pairs of cell types preferentially co-occur in tissues, highlighting their strengths and limitations. This study also introduces COZI for sensitive detection of directional spatial relationships.

Drosophila larvae grow a hundredfold within a few days. Lefranc et al. reveal that gut metabolism is transiently reprogrammed to support unbridled juvenile growth but also adult fitness, showing that early-life metabolism shapes lifelong physiology.

The meningeal compartment communicates with the brain to modulate homeostatic functions. Here, the authors demonstrate that natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC) 1 shape synaptic neuronal transmission and affect mouse behavior.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Atmospheric circulation patterns and mean climate conditions lead to heterogeneity in water isotope–temperature relationships across Antarctica, and accounting for these effects allows for more robust interpretation of temperature proxy records from ice cores.

Spatial transcriptomics and immunofluorescence microscopy of human samples and mouse models reveal that infection-driven cholesterol overload in granulomas impairs macrophage–CD4⁺ T cell interactions and anti-tuberculosis immunity.

Femtosecond laser pulse-induced coherent helicity switching of magnetic vortices in permalloy disks on picosecond timescales is reported.