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BARCODE is an open-access software that automates high throughput screening of microscopy video data to produce a unique fingerprint or ‘barcode’ of performance metrics that enables optimization and accelerates discovery of soft, active materials.

AvrPm4 is a chimeric powdery mildew effector that is recognized by the wheat kinase fusion resistance protein Pm4. The pathogen can evade Pm4 recognition by expressing the suppressor SvrPm4, an RNase-like effector with multiple roles.

Differential isoform usage is identified with high statistical power from spatial transcriptomics data.

Long-term monitoring reveals that rising sodium concentrations in a large One Water drinking water supply arise from road salts, reclaimed water, and treatment chemicals, highlighting freshwater salinization as a socio-ecological-technological challenge.

TCR-engineered T cells have shown limited efficacy in part due to the absence of co-stimulation leading to limited accumulation in solid tumors. The authors here show engineering the CD8β coreceptor with an intracellular CD28 domain enhances cytokine production, persistence, and tumor control in vivo independent of tumor-associated co-stimulatory ligand encounter.

XRISM observations show the presence of odd-numbered elements chlorine and potassium in Cas A. These findings suggest that stellar activity plays an important role in cosmic chemical evolution, enriching space with elements vital for planets and life.

Hi-C methods for studying 3D genome structure typically require millions of cells and struggle with repetitive regions. Here, authors develop CiFi, combining 3C with PacBio HiFi sequencing, enabling chromatin analysis from as few as 60,000 cells and chromosome-scale assembly from small samples.

A spectroscopic thermal phase curve of GJ 1214b obtained with the JWST in the mid-infrared is reported and a planet with a high metallicity atmosphere blanketed by thick and reflective clouds or haze is found.

Molecular scaffolds bearing 1,1-diaryl-substituted four-membered rings remain difficult to access using traditional synthesis. Now it has been shown that a modular, nickel-electrocatalytic sequence enables the programmable, scalable and chemoselective synthesis of these high-value motifs, offering broad utility across drug discovery and showcasing strategic applications to patented intermediates.

In colorectal cancer, therapeutic resistance is driven by MAPK-dependent epithelial cell plasticity.

Here the authors show that gut metagenomes of Indigenous Australian infants living remotely, display greater diversity and abundance of bacteria, viruses and fungi, compared to non-Indigenous infants living in urban Australia, suggesting that while having access to Western foods, the infants start life with a gut microbiome that retains key features of pre-industrialized societies.

Cells can sense mitochondrial damage through signalling via an unimported mitochondrial targeting sequence.

Prime editing in mammalian cells benefits from a comprehensive list of genetic parts.

Understanding the mechanisms behind clinical immunity to malaria is crucial for developing effective interventions. Here, the authors demonstrate that clinical immunity to Plasmodium vivax develops rapidly after a single controlled human malaria infection, reducing inflammatory responses and protecting against symptoms, while not significantly affecting parasite load.

Genomic analysis of Plasmodium DNA from 36 ancient individuals provides insight into the global distribution and spread of malaria-causing species during around 5,500 years of human history.

JWST data show that the exoplanet WASP-18b has thermally distinct regions of its dayside. The authors mapped the sizes of these regions, measured their temperatures and potentially identify water destruction in the hottest region.

The burgeoning field of dearomatization seeks to leverage the synthetic potential of aromatic molecules through diverse approaches. Here, the authors report an organometallic approach for the synthesis of polyheterocyclic compounds from benzene.

This multi-omic longitudinal analysis of the healthy human peripheral immune system constructs the Human Immune Health Atlas and assembles data on immune cell composition and state changes with age, including responses to cytomegalovirus infection and influenza vaccination.

When analyzing patterns of long-term restoration gains and reversals in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, the study finds that Indigenous lands and agrarian-reform settlements have significantly more long-term restoration gains than private properties.

Mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy associates with context-specific nuclear CpG methylation, supported by a cell model. Heteroplasmy–CpG scores relate to mortality and cardiovascular risk, though direction and mechanisms remain unclear.

Geospatial estimates of the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age across 82 low-income and middle-income countries reveals considerable heterogeneity and inequality at national and subnational levels, with few countries on track to meet the WHO Global Nutrition Targets by 2030.

Genome-wide sequencing of 180 ancient individuals shows a continuous gradient of ancestry in Early-to-Mid-Holocene hunter-gatherers from the Baltic to the Transbaikal region and distinct contemporaneous groups in Northeast Siberia, and provides insights into the origins of modern Uralic and Yeniseian speakers.

Mulholland et al. identify progenitor exhausted T cells, expressing intermediate levels of PD-1 (PD-1^int), as a prominent source of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the murine atherosclerotic aorta and potential cellular targets driving checkpoint inhibition-elicited pro-atherosclerotic immune responses. They further demonstrate elevated levels of circulating PD-1-expressing T cells in individuals with subclinical cardiovascular disease.

LRP8, an apolipoprotein E and reelin receptor with high expression in the brain, is a receptor for tick-borne encephalitis virus.

Here the authors provide an explanation for 95% of examined predicted loss of function variants found in disease-associated haploinsufficient genes in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), underscoring the power of the presented analysis to minimize false assignments of disease risk.

Coordination of benzene by a tungsten complex can minimize the formation of oligomeric aromatic products in Friedel-Crafts Arylation. Here the authors show that coordinating benzene to tungsten through two carbons (dihapto-coordination) enables a rarely observed double protonation of the bound benzene, allowing its subsequent coupling to a second arene without the need of a precious metal or Lewis acid catalyst.

Agricultural practices can degrade soil conditions through the loss of organic matter, a situation that will be exacerbated with growing populations. Here, the authors show that converting cropland to management intensive grazing can rapidly improve soil quality and increase organic matter concentrations.

Metasedimentary rocks atop the downgoing slab oxidize ascending slab-derived dehydration fluids by removing reduced species, according to petrological analysis of subduction complex metasedimentary rocks and reactive transport modelling.

Polygenic risk scores can help identify individuals at higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Here, the authors characterise a multi-ancestry score across nearly 900,000 people, showing that its predictive value depends on demographic and clinical context and extends to related traits and complications.

Together with an accompanying paper presenting a transcriptomic atlas of the mouse lemur, interrogation of the atlas provides a rich body of data to support the use of the organism as a model for primate biology and health.

Titanium diffusion profiles in quartz record the duration of magmatic processes. Here, the authors use a novel way to constrain Ti diffusion coefficients and apply them to determine the time scales involved in the priming of volcanic eruptions.

CAR T cells targeting PSMA and engineered to be resistant to immunosuppressive TGFβ signaling exhibit dose-dependent toxicity and expansion following infusion, with some transient antitumor activity, in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Arctic warming is thought to lead to large losses in soil carbon stocks. Here a 35-year-long fertilization experiment in Alaska shows that increased shrub productivity and changes in plant–microbial feedbacks may eventually reverse trends of carbon loss and restore the soil carbon sink.

Genome-wide association analysis of gout and urate identifies 148 new loci, implicating biological pathways and prioritizing candidate genes involved in inflammatory processes.

Analysis of colorectal cancer bulk gene expression data at the pathway level identifies a poor-prognosis subtype associated with cell differentiation. The subtypes are reproducible in single-cell data and offer biological insights beyond existing stratification strategies.

Protected areas are intended to safeguard wildlife, but their effectiveness has at times been questioned. Barnes, Craigie, and colleagues show that protected areas do offer refuge—maintaining their bird and mammal abundances—but with greater success for larger-bodied species and in more developed nations.

Using well-calibrated statistical methods the authors jointly analyze Undiagnosed Diseases Network genomes, identifying known and novel disease genes. Software is publicly available to support future cross-cohort rare disease discovery efforts.

PEAK pseudokinases are emerging disease targets, which regulate cell migration and proliferation through protein scaffolding. Here, the authors present the cryo-EM structure of the PEAK3/14-3-3 complex and reveal how 14-3-3 modulates PEAK3 localization and protein-protein interactions.

A comparison of alpha diversity (number of plant species) and dark diversity (species that are currently absent from a site despite being ecologically suitable) demonstrates the negative effects of regional-scale anthropogenic activity on plant diversity.

Alarmone synthesis depletes GTP levels leading to a GTP-dependent switch that controls triggered, spontaneous and antibiotic-induced persister formation in Bacillus subtilis.

Promethium remains the least studied element among the lanthanide series because of its scarcity and radiolytic nature. Here, the authors report two new isostructural 2,2’:6’,2”-terpyridine compounds of ¹⁴⁷Pm and ²⁴⁸Cm.

The neural codes underlying working memory are not fully understood. Here the authors recorded neurons in the lateral prefrontal cortex of male macaque monkeys, during a working memory task, and identify activation sequences that encode target locations in the task.

Chemical inhomogeneities between the two members of a binary star system, where the stars presumably are formed from the same material, could be due to planetary engulfment. Such a fate has befallen planets around a quarter of Sun-like (in temperature and surface gravity) stars, according to this sample of more than 100 binary systems.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of 81 prehistoric individuals reveals how the genetic makeup of people from the North Pontic region was influenced by waves of migration during the Eneolithic period and Early Bronze Age.

The stability and performance of organic electrochemical transistors can be improved using a two-step technique in which oxygen is first removed from the solvent and then a chemical dopant is introduced into the organic mixed ionic–electronic conductor.

The heterochromatic 'condensates' may not be conserved across mammals. This study highlights the influence of host genome on nuclear architecture and challenges the hypothesis that heterochromatin and MeCP2 undergo phase separation.