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Fluorine-containing binders in battery dry electrode processing raise environmental concerns regarding restrictions on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. Here, authors show that a fluorine-free binder, Parafilm, can be an alternative to enable primer-free high-loading electrodes with stable cycling for sustainable lithium-ion batteries.

The rigid-to-soft transformation and imperceptible, morphology-adaptable nature of a hydrogel–elastomer adhesive bilayer based on ionic–electronic conductive nanomembranes enable the real-time stable monitoring of electrophysiological signals in vivo.

A two-step doping strategy for preparing Nb-doped Ni-rich positive electrode active materials forms nanosized grains and enables reversible multiphase transitions, improving lithium-ion transport and high-power performance of Li-based batteries.

A hydrogel matrix fabricated by cryo-photocrosslinking enables the direct, scalable isolation of extracellular vesicles from diverse biofluids without preprocessing, allowing for in-gel preservation for long-term storage and biomedical applications.

Control of liquid-based materials is important for developing materials based on these, but topological flexibility is limited. Here, the authors report a method for digital fabrication of slippery objects with solid-liquid composite interfaces and geometric design freedom.

The authors synthesize atomically thin, highly disordered RuO₂ nanosheets for efficient oxygen evolution reaction, and reveal that structural disordering causes a greater contribution of the lattice oxygen participation mechanism in acidic media than in alkaline media.

Here the authors identify silicon as an optimal element for anchoring oxygen on copper, nickel or iron surfaces to prevent oxidation. An atomically thin layer of SiMOx (M = Cu, Ni, or Fe) renders the metal surface impermeable to oxygen up to 400 °C while preserving the electrical properties.

Conventional protein oxidation pathways typically involve free diffusion of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which primarily attack the protein surface. Here, the authors report a pathway of protein damage, O₂-confined photooxidation, where O₂ is captured in protein cavities and subsequently converted into multiple ROS which attack the protein interior.

SARS-CoV-2 variants resistant to current antivirals pose a significant threat, especially to high-risk patients. The authors identify a deletion mutation in M^pro that confers resistance to ensitrelvir but increases susceptibility to nirmatrelvir, suggesting potential for sequential or alternative therapeutic strategies in prolonged antiviral treatments.

Therapies and vaccines for COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic, are urgently needed. Here the authors establish and screen an antibody library from a convalescent COVID-19 patient to isolate a neutralizing antibody with the ability to reduce viral titer and alleviate symptoms in ferret, hamster, and rhesus monkey infection models.

mRNA vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2 also sensitize tumours to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

In this protocol, the authors explain how to set up and use the cloud-based Precision Health Integrated Diagnostic (PHIND) system, a smart-toilet-based platform for passive and automated defecation monitoring to provide continuous gut health information.

Identifying the mechanisms underlying the early inflammatory phase of aortic valve disease is crucial for disease prevention. Here the authors perform single-cell RNA sequencing to show the immunomodulatory role of PPARγ in valvular endothelial cells during hyperlipidemia.

Higher dimensional vortical structures are being explored in optical and acoustic systems via complex wave interference. However, deterministic generation has not been reported. Here, the authors demonstrate emergent 3D optical vortices in a gradient-thickness optical cavity.

Mechanochemistry offers a paradigm shift by enabling ammonia synthesis under near-ambient conditions. Here, the authors present an innovative mechanochemical approach that employs silicon nitride as a defect-inducing physical promoter to facilitate ammonia production.

Kang et al. uncover an anterograde signalling pathway that coordinates the transition of chloroplast function from biogenesis to degeneration, ensuring the timely onset of leaf senescence.

IgE is a critical component of the allergic response and therapeutic targeting can alleviate symptomology. Here the authors propose the combined use of Bifidobacterium longum and a FcεRIα extracellular domain linked to a IgD/IgG4 hybrid Fc domain fusion protein called IgE_TRAP and show reduction of mast cell and IgE levels in models of food allergy.

Generation of ultrafast X-rays using lab-based laser sources is promising for numerous spectroscopic and imaging techniques. By generating a long underdense plasma in a solid, Kim et al.show relativistic frequency upshift of a laser pulse to 4.9 nm, caused by reflection from electron nanosheets.

During the influenza pandemic, a large number of deaths resulted from secondary bacterial pneumonia caused by common upper respiratory tract bacteria, such as Staphylococcus. Here, Moon et al, find that the interaction between airway epithelial CD47 and the pathogenic bacterial FnBP is critical in causing bacterial superinfection.

Different types of metabolic rewiring are reported to drive cancer development and as a potential therapeutic target. Here, the authors perform multi-omics analyses in a cohort of human normal and malignant thyroid samples and show association of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism with undifferentiated thyroid cancer.

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells have recently been reported to play a key role in adipose tissue homeostasis. Here, the authors show that adipose tissue iNKT cells mediate immune responses that control adipocyte turnover in mice.

The extracellular matrix is remodeled to form complex interconnected network structures that regulate stem cell behaviors. Here, the authors modulate extracellular matrix-like networks using magnetic nano-blockers, adjusting stem cell behavior by changing ligand inter-cluster connectivity. This dynamic system provides new insights into cell-material interactions for tissue regeneration.

Current diagnostic methods for invasive aspergillosis are time-consuming and poorly sensitive. Here, the authors show that positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-¹⁸F-fluorosorbitol can visualize Aspergillus fumigatus infection of the lungs, brain and muscles in mouse models, and can distinguish pulmonary aspergillosis from other diseases such as Staphylococcus aureus infection and lung cancer.

Constructing atomically flat surface in a single crystal ultrathin film is difficult owing to the coherent merging of trillions of clusters. Here the authors establish the initial growth mechanism of a single crystal Cu thin film with atomically flat surface using atomic sputtering epitaxy.

Seminal fluid is high in sugars, primarily to aid in sperm motility though it is unclear whether they serve other roles. Here they use Drosophila to identify a bioactive sugar, venerose, that stimulates female brain neurons to boost germline stem cell proliferation and sperm storage.

The mechanism behind the severely cold winters experienced by the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in recent years is not fully understood. Here, the authors combine observational analyses and model experiments to reveal a dynamic connection between Arctic sea-ice cover and the polar stratosphere.

Chromosome-scale and haplotype-resolved assembly of Pinus densiflora sheds light on Pinus-specific genome enlargement. Comparison between haplotypes and resequencing of 30 wild accessions show allelic imbalance with roles in flowering regulation and stress resistance.

Uninterrupted monitoring of pressure and temperature at skin interfaces can help to minimize the potential for pressure injuries in hospitalized or bedridden patients. Here, the authors introduce a soft, skin-mountable sensor that can continuously provide readings via antennas mounted under bedding, and demonstrate the functionality and robustness of the devices on patients.

Here, the authors show that higher levels of the gut bacterial clade TANB77 associate with better response to cancer immunotherapy, and further demonstrate in mice that a conserved pilin from TANB77 plays a role in enhancing immunotherapy efficacy, suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue.

An analysis of memory T cells induced by messenger RNA vaccination reveals that they maintain polyfunctionality in response to the Omicron spike protein.

The formation of an immunological synapse is central to the ability of NK cells to lyse target cells. Here the authors show that Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1) might be a good target for cancer immunotherapy as it destabilizes the NK synapse, resulting in defective killing of tumor cells.

Vaccination is often inferior to nature infection for the induction of lasting immunity. Here the authors combine masked TLR7/8 agonist with controlled release of antigens in a kinetically engineered vaccine (KE-VAC) to mimic immune responses during natural infection, and find KE-VAC inducing protective immunity for influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and SFTSV.

The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser (PAL-XFEL) in South Korea has now entered operation with a timing jitter of just 20 fs.

The lack of understanding of mixed transport in ion-permeable conjugated polymer films hinders the advance of organic electrochemical transistors for bioelectronics. Here, the authors elucidate the structure-property-performance relationships for conventional and crystallized PEDOT:PSS films.

Counterfeit medicines are a threat to patient health and public safety. Here, the authors use random patterns formed by fluorescent silk microparticles with various excitation and emission pairs as an edible physical unclonable function that can directly be attached onto the surface of medicines.

M1-like polarization of macrophages is thought to control adipose inflammation and associated insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Here the authors show that macrophage-specific deletion of the OxPhos-related gene Crif1 results in an M1-like phenotype in mice, and that the effects can be reversed by recombinant GDF15.