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In this work, functional antibodies against the cancer-related GPCR NTS1 were generated by immunizing chickens with in silico-designed 3D peptides, offering a strategy for GPCR targeting with potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Here they show that NONO collaborates with HOXA1 to modulate gene expression during early cardiomyocyte differentiation. This interaction facilitates activation of the Wnt signaling pathway, establishing the NONO-HOXA1-Wnt axis as a key mechanism in cardiac development.

Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) drive relapse and therapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, the authors show that increasing the stiffness of LSCs reduces their stemness and enhances their susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated immunotherapy in AML.

Freestanding membranes of hexagonal oxides remain difficult to obtain. In this work, a water-soluble crystalline hexagonal BaAl₂O₄ is found to serve as a sacrificial layer for obtaining freestanding membranes with six-fold or three-fold symmetry.

Fast panoramic rotational ultrasound tomography and photoacoustic tomography are integrated for hybrid rotational ultrasound and photoacoustic tomography, for three-dimensional dual-contrast imaging of soft tissue and vasculature across the human body.

Chemically modified and permeabilized bacteria allow for antibiotic delivery inside biofilms, inducing long-term immune protection and eradicating implant-related infections in preclinical models.

The mitochondrial membranes present a formidable barrier to the delivery of exogenous genes. Here, the authors report on the development of fluorinated lipid nanoparticles to efficiently introduce therapeutic genes into mitochondria, for the correction of mitochondrial genomic defects.

Prostate cancers (PCa) are characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here the authors identify a subset of iron-loaded cancer-associated fibroblasts secreting myeloid cell-associated proteins and driving immunosuppression in PCa.

Atomic level engineering of graphene-based materials is highly demanded for the customized structures and properties. Here, the authors show heteroatom dopant-specific unzipping of carbon nanotubes as a reliable and controllable route to customized 'intact crystalline' graphene-based nanostructures.

A six-stack hybrid complementary transistor technology that uses n-type indium oxide and a p-type organic semiconductor as channel materials can be used to build inverters that exhibit a gain of 94.84 V V⁻¹ and a power consumption of 0.47 µW.

Analyses of whole-genome sequencing data in children and validation in mouse models show that offspring born from blastocyst-stage embryo transfer have shorter leukocyte telomere lengths.

Activation of genes depends on transcription factors and chromatin remodelers. Here, the authors show ARID1A organizes these components through phase separation, co-condensing with specific transcription factors to maintain chromatin accessibility and drive gene expression.

Biological invasions reshape competition within and between species. This global meta-analysis shows that competition reduces trait means and increases trait variation, with stronger impacts of nonnatives on natives.

Traditional concrete testing can be labour-intensive and limited in accuracy, consistency, and real-time applicability. The study uses piezoelectric sensors and deep learning for real-time monitoring of concrete strength, interpreting signals to achieve accurate predictions. This is further validated in highway projects.

Copper-based catalysts are preferred for electrochemical CO₂ reduction to hydrocarbons, which however easily undergo structural reconstruction. Here, the authors report a class of reconstruction-resistant copper sites with tunable electronic structures through σ-π dative bonding interaction.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Eosinophils are involved in eosinophilic airway inflammation such as type 2 asthmatic responses. Here the authors investigate how lysosomes and cathepsin L affect the function and activation of eosinophils and that inhibition of cathepsin L reduces the pathology of allergic asthma in mice models.

In a small trial of patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus and nephritis, treatment with allogeneic T cells with a CD19 chimeric antigen receptor inserted into the T cell receptor locus and deletion of the PD-1 (PDCD1) gene were safe and associated with reduced disease activity.

The realization of high-performance flexible perovskite/crystalline-silicon tandem solar cells requires efficient photocarrier transport and mitigation of residual stress. Here, authors reveal the critical role of perovskite phase homogeneity, achieving flexible devices with efficiency of 29.88%.

Iron metabolism has been shown to play an important role in the development and function of the immune system, but its role in ILC3s is unclear. Here the authors show that CD71-mediated iron metabolism controls ILC3 proliferation and the host response to Citrobacter rodentium infection and CD71 expression is regulated by Ahr signaling.

Zhu and colleagues show that a subpopulation of spleen-derived fibroblasts secrete Gremlin 1, which suppresses chronic myeloid leukemia progression by inducing leukemia stem cell apoptosis through the BMP signaling pathway.

China’s dramatic demographic shift toward population aging raises challenges at the individual, familial and societal levels. Fang et al. review these challenges and emerging policies designed to promote healthy longevity in China.

The technological applicability of 2D semiconductor thin films is normally limited by the trade-off between their synthesis temperature and electrical performance. Here, the authors report a low-temperature polymer-free solution-based method to deposit high-mobility wafer-scale MoS₂ thin films, showing large-scale logic circuits and heterogeneous device integration.

The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and accumulation of circulating free (cf) DNA increase with age but it is unknown whether DNA fragments cause joint inflammation. Here authors show that cf DNA levels are higher in RA patients and that in a rat adjuvant-induced arthritis model, the exonuclease TREX1 suppresses synovial inflammation via promoting the degradation of cf DNA and inhibiting a senescence-like cellular state.

The mechanisms that regulate the tissue-specific localization and functions of innate lymphoid cells are poorly understood. Xiong and colleagues find that CCR10⁺ innate lymphoid cells are selectively programmed in skin-draining lymph nodes for cutaneous homeostatic regulation.

A hybrid cathode interfacial layer (AZnO-F3N) is developed, delivering 21.0% efficiency along with excellent stability, mechanical robustness and broad versatility, highlighting its potential to advance organic solar cells.

Ageing is associated with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), which is linked to increased risks of hematological malignancies. Here the authors uncover an epigenetic mechanism through which mutant p53 drives clonal hematopoiesis through interaction with EZH2.

A deeper knowledge of the immune cell profile within the brain cancer tumor microenvironment (TM) could identify targets to improve immunotherapy efficacy. Here, in glioblastoma, the authors find haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the TM, which are associated with poor prognosis and increased immunosuppression.

In mitochondria transplantation, the limited activity and yield of mitochondria constrain their clinical application for mitochondrial diseases. Here, authors develop a method for producing mitochondria-enriched extracellular vesicles, which offer high-quality, abundant mitochondrial material for transplantation.

Here, the authors show that mechanical loading promotes subchondral bone osteocytes to secrete extracellular vesicles containing miR-23b-3p, which accelerates osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting mitophagy and disrupting cartilage metabolism.

The ASAP4 family of genetically encoded voltage indicators allows recording of action potentials and subthreshold activity with either one- or two-photon microscopy over extended periods of time.

Vertebral osteoblasts in mouse and human are formed from a precursor skeletal stem cell population that is distinct from long bone skeletal stem cells in function, location and transcriptional programme.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Lung tissue-resident memory T cells play critical roles in the response to and protection to subsequent re-exposure and infection with influenza viruses. Here the authors explore vaccine induced lung resident memory T cells and their role in protection to heterosubtypic influenza infection in mice and ferrets.

A bonding and debonding strategy is used to stack epitaxially grown semiconductor monolayers into various structures with precise control of the layer number and interlayer twist angle.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Missing modality challenges longitudinal omics studies. Here, the authors introduce LEOPARD, a pioneering neural network that uses style transfer to re-entangle omics data, enabling robust imputation and unlocking fresh insights into predictive healthcare and biological temporal dynamics.

The intestine is an important immunological organ in embryonic life, preparing the infant for the microbial colonization following birth. Here authors show that between gestational weeks 14 and 22, the human foetal intestine is first populated by myeloid and innate lymphoid cells, followed by the development of lymphoid cells and a wider range of proliferation-capable immune cell types.

The immune regulatory mechanism for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remains elusive. Here, the authors identify a c-kit⁺ cDC1 subset, which can be depleted by Desulfovibrio_sp.-induced H₂S via autophagic cell death and contributing to uncontrolled inflammation for MASH progression.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) play a multifaceted role in the brain. Here, the authors show that OPCs regulate neuronal metabolism by forming contacts with neuronal somata, facilitating lysosomal release from neurons.

Development of efficient upconversion (UC) phosphors that emit under irradiation in the NIR II region is challenging - most UC materials rely on the presence of sensitizers absorbing at shorter wavelengths. Here, authors synthesize Er³⁺ doped ternary sulfides phosphors with visible UC efficiency up to 2.6% and long emission lifetimes under 1532 nm irradiation, via an excited state absorption mechanism.

ASXL2 mutations are mostly found in a subset of leukemia patients with certain genetic aberrations; however the role of this protein in normal hematopoiesis and related malignancies is still unclear. Here the authors use a knock-out mouse model to uncover the role of Asxl2in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis.

The apelin receptor regulates heart and metabolic health via G-protein and β-arrestin signaling pathways. Here, authors present receptor-β-arrestin complex structures with distinct stoichiometries that provide insight into biased signaling, guiding targeted drug design.