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Most kiwifruit species are vulnerable to high levels of heat stress. Here, the authors report natural variation at the GATA transcription factor binding site of EGY3 gene mediates chloroplastic ROS homeostasis to confer kiwifruit thermotolerance.

A fully integrated, wireless ultrasound imaging wristband—combined with an artificial intelligence algorithm—can be used to track arbitrary hand configurations of the five fingers and the palm in real time during daily activities with a delay of less than 120 ms.

In neuromorphic vision, frame-based benchmarks substantially overestimate performance. Here, the authors introduce latency-aware evaluation framework, bridging the sim-to-real gap.

Biocatalytic strategies typically transform only one alkene isomer into products, limiting the yield. Now a biocatalyst is reported to convert both isomeric silyl enol ethers into chiral α-branched ketones with high efficiency and excellent selectivity.

Gut microbiota editing is a promising strategy for dysbiosis-related diseases. Here, the authors develop an oral phage delivery platform that enables precise microbiota editing, facilitates functional analysis of single species, and supports therapeutic intervention in dysbiosis.

Xiang et al. use patient samples and mouse models of osteoarthritis to examine the link with muscle atrophy. They identify that, in osteoarthritis, senescent macrophages promote ferroptosis in skeletal muscle cells, and they show the therapeutic value of targeting this pathological mechanism.

Individual spectral strain tuning of waveguide-coupled quantum dot single-photon emitters into a thin-film lithium niobate photonic platform is demonstrated, allowing quantum interference of two spatially separated quantum dot single-photon emitters.

Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase-phosphorylated adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) binds to Beclin1 upon lipid deprivation. ADSL-produced fumarate increases Beclin1 K117 dimethylation by inhibiting lysine demethylase 8 activity, resulting in disrupted binding of BCL-2 to Beclin1, enhanced autophagy and liver tumor growth.

An implantable ultrasound-induced wireless electrical stimulator and a machine learning-based pain classifier can generate programmable, closed-loop based self-adaptive electrical stimulation to the spinal cord to manage chronic pain.

SurfDock is a method for predicting protein–ligand complex structures by leveraging multimodal protein information and generative diffusion frameworks. Its results can be generalized to unseen proteins and real-world settings.

Convective self-assembly of particles is widely employed, but some fundamental aspects remain unknown. Here, the authors perform an in-situ SAXS study during the convective self-assembly of colloidal particles at the meniscus, which provides mechanistic insights.

Machine learning can improve scoring methods to evaluate protein–ligand interactions, but achieving good generalization is an outstanding challenge. Cao et al. introduce EquiScore, which is based on a graph neural network that integrates physical knowledge and is shown to have robust capabilities when applied to unseen protein targets.

Wang et al. report that the secretory coat protein complex COPII undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation that is tuned by manganese in the cytosol, to impact lipoprotein secretion.

High-performance THz electromagnetic shielding is demonstrated using 2D β₁₂-borophene nanosheets embedded in a polymer matrix. At a low loading of 0.1 wt.%, the composite has excellent shielding effectiveness and good mechanical properties.

This study reveals that CYBDOM proteins promote drought tolerance by regenerating apoplastic ascorbic acid (AsA) and activating autophagy through interaction with RbohD, and link AsA redox, ROS and selective autophagy in plant stress responses

Direct stereoselective amination of tertiary C–H bonds without the assistance of directing groups is a challenging task in synthetic organic chemistry. Now a nitrene transferase is engineered to aminate tertiary C–H bonds with high enantioselectivity, providing direct access to valuable chiral α-tertiary primary amines.

Here, by analyzing 306481 microbial genomes from human-associated microbiomes, the authors reveal a largely unexplored biosynthetic landscape of ribosomal peptides (RiPPs), identifying protective peptides that obstruct pathogen biofilms and regulate gut microbiota in disease models, underscoring their significant therapeutic potential.

Eddy covariance CO₂ flux measurements across 212 globally distributed sites reveal a threshold above which ecosystem respiration is temperature limited and below which it is water limited.

Real-space imaging of the edge structures and growth of a two-dimensional ice on a gold substrate is achieved using noncontact atomic-force microscopy with a carbon monoxide tip.

Researchers have developed a noninvasive retina prosthesis based on ultrasound for treating blindness. This device uses ultrasound waves to stimulate the retina, creating artificial vision confirmed through behavior tests, offering a safer alternative to invasive treatments.

Ion–ion interactions are crucial to the functioning of biological and artificial ion channels. Here the authors reveal that hydrated alkali metal ions can form one-dimensional closely packed chain structures at charged surfaces to facilitate ion transport.

Identification of CRISPR-Cas systems by sequence alignment is limited by homolog sequence diversity. Here, the authors develop CHOOSER, and AI framework, for alignment free discovery of CRISPR-Cas systems, including EphcCasλ, which was validated for self-processing and DNA cleavage.

A naturally occurring stand-alone and intermolecular Diels–Alderase, MaDA, has been identified from Morus alba cell cultures. MaDA is a FAD-dependent enzyme, which catalyses the intermolecular [4+2] cycloaddition via a concerted but asynchronous pericyclic pathway between morachalcone A and a diene generated from moracin C. Characterization revealed that MaDA possesses good substrate promiscuity towards both dienes and dienophiles.

Studies of fruit quality traits in pears are lagging behind the other major fruit trees. Here, the authors conduct GWAS of fruit quality and phenological traits in a panel of 312 sand pear accessions using SNPs called from resequencing data, and reveal the involvement of a lignin formation-related protein in regulating stone cell development.

Prime editors can mediate all twelve types of base substitutions and small insertions or deletions in living cells but its efficiency remains low. Here the authors introduce same-sense mutations into pegRNAs to increase base-editing efficiency and the pegRNA secondary structure was altered to increase indel-editing efficiency.

Laser wakefield acceleration offers compact high-energy electron sources, but controlling electron injection remains challenging. The authors experimentally demonstrate a controlled “scissor-cross ionization injection” mechanism that achieves localized, stable, and tunable electron injection using an oblique trigger laser.

Several engineered Cas13 variants achieve targeted RNA degradation with minimal collateral effects.

The design of complementary catalysts to target different C–H bonds in a specific molecule is challenging. Now, a pair of P450-based carbene transferase enzymes is engineered, which can selectively cyanomethylate either a C(sp³)–H or arene C(sp²)–H bond present in the same substrate.

Wang et al. developed a transformer base editor system in which the enzyme activity of the base editor is turned on only at the on-target site, therefore minimizing genome-wide and transcriptome-wide off-target mutations.

A discovery pipeline integrating time-resolved HT-SAXS and fragment screening identifies chemical leads targeting exemplary allosteric states of mitochondrial oxidoreductase apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF).

Strain engineering is effective to improve the carrier mobility of semiconductor materials. Here, the authors demonstrate lattice strain-induced mobility enhancement of an azobenzene compound under photoisomerization and its application in large-scale flexible organic field-effect transistors.

PbFeO₃ is part of a family of lead based perovskites with many intriguing properties; however, difficulties in synthesis have hampered investigation. Here, the authors present a detailed study of the structure of PbFeO₃ observing unique charge ordering and spin orientation among the constituent ions.

Photovoltage measurements on cuprous oxide photocatalyst particles are used to spatiotemporally track the charge transfer processes on the femtosecond to second timescale at the single-particle level.

There are few reports of ferroelectricity due to symmetry breaking transition in A-site-ordered quadruple perovskites. Here, the authors find one with phase transition from a high-temperature centrosymmetric paraelectric phase to a low-temperature non-centrosymmetric ferroelectric phase in a high pressure synthesized compound.

Scanning probe microscopy has been extensively applied to probe interfacial water but the probes tend to disturb the structure of water easily. Here, the authors report submolecular-resolution imaging of water clusters within the nearly non-invasive region by qPlus noncontact atomic force microscopy.