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Alkene 1,1- difunctionalization holds significant importance in organic synthesis due to its ability to effectively enhance the complexity and functionality of molecular frameworks. Here, the authors report an electrochemical strategy for 1,1-difunctionalization of halogenated aromatics with unactivated alkenes, using synergistic Fe/Ni catalysis.

Reversible-deactivation radical polymerisations are highly sensitive to oxygen and inhibitors, hindering their industrial application. Here, the authors report a heterogeneous phenanthroline-based conjugated hypercrosslinked polymer photocatalyst for photoinduced copper-catalysed atom transfer radical polymerisations, achieving high oxygen and inhibitor tolerance.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cellular diversity, yet existing models often lack regulatory awareness and scalability. Here, the authors develop RegFormer, a GRN-informed foundation model that improves single-cell analysis, genetic perturbation modelling, and drug response prediction.

High yield and wide adaptation rice are crucial for grain supply and food security. Here the authors report OsPI4Kγ7 which contributes to different “adaptability-yield” trade-offs in japonica and indica, and provides an alternative breeding strategy for raising grain yield in different latitudes.

This study shows that the EBF2 activates brown fat through biomolecular condensation. Disrupting EBF2 condensates impairs thermogenic gene expression, while small molecules that modulate condensate dynamics improve thermogenic programming.

This study discusses a stratosphere-to-surface radiative pathway in the Arctic, whereby stratospheric anomalies modulate high cloud cover through static stability, driving pronounced surface temperature and sea ice variations on subseasonal time scales.

An electrothermal co-design strategy can be used to make flexible transistors based on aligned carbon nanotube arrays with current-gain cut-off frequencies of 152 GHz and power-gain cut-off frequencies of 102 GHz.

Enhancer RNAs and other noncoding RNAs are difficult to monitor in living cells. Here, the authors develop REDDIT, a sensitive reporter for tracking transcription of coding and noncoding RNAs, and use it to identify pathways regulating a lncRNA and an enhancer RNA in stem cells.

UCl₃-type electrolytes show promise for all-solid-state batteries, yet their structure and Li⁺ transport remain debated. Here, authors reveal foreign cations reside in the amorphous phase, which serve as the dominant Li⁺ pathway yielding enhanced conductivity and low-temperature battery performance.

Hybrid perovskites show promise for spintronics but suffer from fast spin relaxation. The authors use isotope engineering, replacing hydrogen with deuterium, to suppress hyperfine interactions, boosting spin lifetime and enabling strong room-temperature spin transport and spin photovoltaic effects.

Grain number per panicle (GNP) is a yield-determining trait of rice. Here, the authors identify a GSK3-like kinase-encoding gene GNP2 and a bZIP transcription factor-encoding gene GNP5, demonstrating their synergistic regulation of GNP and showing that specific allele combinations of these genes enhance rice yield in field conditions.

The Hippo pathway relies on TEAD transcription factors, but how TEAD4 dynamically engages DNA was unclear. Here, the authors show that TEAD4 multimerisation stabilizes DNA binding and YAP recruitment, with VGLL4 modulating this process in a stoichiometry‑dependent manner.

VSIG4 is a co-inhibitory receptor expressed by Kupffer cells. Here, the authors identify a direct binding interaction between VSIG4 and T cell CD5 that can calibrate CD8⁺ T cell responses to liver metastasis. They also design an anti-VSIG4 nanobody to enhance immune checkpoint blockade treatment of mice.

Zhang et al. show that the activation of RIPK1 is suppressed by acetylhypusination in a spermidine-dependent manner. Disruption of this axis contributes to RIPK1-mediated vascular pathology to promote insulin resistance and diabetic kidney pathology.

In this Review, Xia et al. discuss the potential of colchicine as a therapy for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, highlighting evidence from clinical trials and mechanistic studies showing its effects on vascular inflammation, plaque stability, and immune and vascular cell function. They also emphasize that mixed results in recent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular trials highlight the need to integrate mechanistic insights with clinical evidence to refine colchicine use and guide precision anti-inflammatory strategies.

Zhang, Huang, Wang, Long et al. report that NAT10 enhances serine uptake and biosynthesis in an ac4C-dependent mechanism, thereby promoting stemness and progression in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Fe-based polyanionic cathodes are promising for Na-ion batteries but are limited by inactive Na sites and irreversible Na loss. Here the authors employ targeted V³⁺ substitution to tune the Na⁺ coordination environment, activate inert sites and stabilize high-voltage redox for high-performance Na-ion batteries.

Arginine addiction induced by argininosuccinate synthase (ASSN1) deficiency has been exploited to treat ASS1-deficient cancers. Here, the authors show an alternative therapeutic approach where ASS1 activity is increased by the pesticide spinosyn A and is shown to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation.

This study presents MAOSS, a multimodal AI model that repurposes non-contrast CT scans and leverages clinical features to detect and stage liver steatosis and fibrosis. Here the authors show MAOSS accurately stratifies cirrhosis progression risk when embedded into the standard clinical workflow, enabling scalable, opportunistic screening for early intervention of steatotic liver disease.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

By developing a powerful cell lineage tracing system, this study reconstructs zygote-to-adult developmental cell phylogenies of Arabidopsis and finds that every shoot branch is founded by exactly three cells, each belonging to a germ layer.

The COMPASSION16 trial showed survival benefits of cadonilimab plus standard therapy in advanced cervical cancer. Here, subgroup analysis confirms consistent progression-free and overall survival improvements across diverse patient profiles.

Loss-of-function mutations in EP300/KAT3B and CBP/KAT3A have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. Here, the authors reveal that the EP300 protein has a role in mediating replication fork protection at sites of replication stalling and show that EP300-mutated cells recapitulate features of BRCA-deficient cancers.

Mechanistic dissection of the FTO/SUZ12/WNT5B axis sheds light on how m⁶A-dependent epigenetic regulation preserves endometrial receptivity during the implantation window.

Zhao et al. demonstrate that AtMCM10 repairs DNA double-strand breaks by forming liquid-like condensates at damage sites, where it directly anneals single–stranded DNA to promote synthesis–dependent strand annealing–mediated homologous recombination.

van Lengerich et al. developed a human TREM2 antibody with a transport vehicle (ATV) that improves brain exposure and biodistribution in mouse models. ATV:TREM2 promotes microglial energetic capacity and metabolism via mitochondrial pathways.

You, Hu et al. discover a population of COTL1^high NK cells regulated by GITRL⁺ macrophages and demonstrate their functional importance in mediating anti-tumour immunity in cancer with impaired tumour-specific MHC-I expression.

This study uncovers how amyloid-β boosts astrocyte calcium activity, increasing cholesterol and disrupting brain waste clearance in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Targeting astrocyte calcium or cholesterol restores clearance and improves cognition.

LSH/HELLS is a chromatin remodeler promoting incorporation of histone variant macroH2A. Here the authors reveal a role for LSH in genome stability, in protecting nascent DNA at stalled forks mediated by macroH2A deposition and RAD51 filament formation.

The DAMPE satellite observed a universal charge-dependent spectral softening in primary cosmic rays, and ruled out mass-dependent softening with >99.999% confidence.

A soft three-dimensional core–shell cable can form reliable free-standing interconnects between soft, rigid and hybrid electronic components, and can be stretched by up to around 800%.

BRCA2 has essential roles in suppressing genome instability at stalled replication forks, but how this is achieved remains unclear. Here, the authors apply Okazaki-fragment sequencing to predict sites of genomic instability caused by head-on transcription-replication conflicts upon BRCA2 loss.

Chen, Cai et al., present a rigorous human-in-the-loop framework for evaluating the medical performance of AI-generated responses to real clinical questions, using a scale aligned with physician career stages. Although some models perform at levels comparable to early-career physicians, substantial rates of incompetent answers and hallucinations demonstrate that unmonitored clinical deployment remains risky, underscoring the continuing need for expert oversight.

LHAASO has detected γ-ray emission with a spectrum extending to 2 PeV from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1849-0001, indicating an extreme particle acceleration efficiency and challenging the current particle acceleration theories.

Orbital hybridization and quantum confinement are used to realize Ising-like superconductivity in trilayers of gallium, which alone is probably not strongly enough spin–orbit coupled to host such superconductivity under high in-plane magnetic fields.

Covert mortality nodavirus, a pathogen previously known to cause important losses in shrimp aquaculture, is identified as being a potential causative agent of an emerging and severe ocular disease in humans, specifically presenting as persistent ocular hypertensive viral anterior uveitis.

Protection of nascent DNA from degradation provides a mechanism that can promote synthetic viability and drug resistance in Brca-deficient cells without restoring homologous recombination at double-strand breaks.

Wang et al. show that promyelocytic leukaemia protein (PML) reduces polyG inclusions via chaperone-mediated disaggregation and proteasome-dependent degradation. This suggests a possible role for PML in various neurodegenerative diseases.