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There is an unmet medical need for endometrial cancer patients with mismatch-repair proficient disease. Here, the authors report the primary analysis of the FRUSICA-1 phase Ib/II trial evaluating fruquintinib plus sintilimab in this population, showing an ORR of 32.7%, a median PFS of 8.6 months, and manageable toxicity.

Spiropyran and merocyanine systems are useful due to the photoswitching properties, but do have some limitations. Here, the authors report pyridine-substituted merocyanines as photochromic compounds, with a photoinitiated C-N bond formation.

Achieving fairness while preserving privacy in medical imaging tasks remains a significant challenge. Here, the authors present and comprehensively evaluate a federated learning framework to tackle both fairness and privacy issues, using a flexible regularization term to integrate multiple fairness criteria.

Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells suffer from phase segregation. Zhang et al. show that thiocyanate ions overcome the issue by occupying iodide vacancies while regulating crystallization, enabling perovskite/organic tandem cells with 25.06% efficiency.

Cervical cancer screening and detection can be challenging in regions with limited medical resources. Here, authors develop a low-cost compact microscope and AI-assisted system for cervical precancer screening to identify high-risk cases in these regions.

SLC15A4 is essential for TLR7/8/9-mediated immune responses through a conformation-dependent interaction with TASL. Here, the authors identify two conformation-selective antibodies that differentially target distinct structural states of human SLC15A4.

Wang, Wang, Pan and colleagues uncover a C864–C869 disulfide linkage stimulated by viral RNA that drives RIG-I activation, phase separation and stimulates downstream innate immune signalling.

DNA methylation is a promising method to identify biomarkers, but defining causality can be challenging. Here, the authors propose a causality driven regularization framework to reduce noise and identify potential causative factors.

In a prespecified interim analysis of the multicenter, randomized, phase 3 FLAMES trial, maintenance therapy with a PARP inhibitor in patients with ovarian cancer showed prolonged progression-free survival compared with placebo in all subgroups defined by BRCA or homologous recombination status.

CDK4/6 inhibition is often effective for those with breast cancer but success is limited by adverse reactions. Here, the authors report a phase III randomised trial comparing fulvestrant (oestrogen receptor antagonist) with or without lerociclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative, endocrine-resistant advanced breast cancer.

This study reveals that CYBDOM proteins promote drought tolerance by regenerating apoplastic ascorbic acid (AsA) and activating autophagy through interaction with RbohD, and link AsA redox, ROS and selective autophagy in plant stress responses

A field trial succeeded in eliminating populations of the mosquito Aedes albopictus through inundative mass release of incompatible Wolbachia-infected males, which were also irradiated to sterilize any accidentally-released females, and so prevent population replacement.

Ovarian cancer is common among women and is the leading cause of death from gynaecological malignancies. Here the authors identify two previously unknown genetic variants that increase the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in Han Chinese women.

SLC19A1 is crucial for transporting folates, antifolates and cyclic dinucleotides. Here authors determined outward-open structures of hSLC19A1 with and without bound substrates, revealing detailed mechanisms of substrate recognition and conformational changes during transport.

Here, the authors show that TRIM28-mediated SUMOylation of SARS-CoV-2 NP is critical for its liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) property and subsequent inhibition of innate antiviral immunity. The peptide NSIP-III is applied to unleash such connection by interfering TRIM28 and NP interaction.

Single-pixel holography generates holographic images with a single-pixel detector making this relatively inexpensive. Here the authors report a high-throughput single-pixel compressive holography method for imaging biological tissue which can either provide a large field of view or high resolution.

A CRISPR–Cas9 screen identifies genes that modulate long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) expression in human cells. LINE-1 5′ UTRs have enhancer features and can activate long-range gene expression, including during zygotic genome activation.

A multi-level ordered structure strategy mimicking biological multi-structural features, concurrently unlocks multiple physical property limits. This new paradigm transcends traditional compositional design strategies to break performance bottleneck.

High-quality genome assemblies of grain and vegetable cowpeas and re-sequencing of 344 accessions characterize genomic variations between cowpea subspecies and their domestication and improvement under selection.

Patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer have limited therapeutic options. Here the authors report efficacy and safety of camrelizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody) in combination with famitinib (anti-angiogenic agent) in pre-treated recurrent or metastatic squamous cervical cancer.

Zhangjun Fei and colleagues report the draft genome of a Chinese elite watermelon inbred line 97103 and resequencing of 20 diverse accessions that represent the three subspecies of Citrullus lunatus. Comparative genome-wide analyses identify the extent of genetic diversity and population structure of watermelon germplasm.

The authors show an important role for iron in B cell proliferation via histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) demethylation at the cyclin E1 promoter. Using a measles vaccination murine model, they show that iron-deficient individuals have a significantly reduced antibody response to the vaccine when compared to iron-normal controls.

The effects of forests on water yield are uncertain, with some studies indicating that increased evapotranspiration reduces water yield and other showing that forests increase it. Here, the authors analyse published data to settle this debate, finding that afforestation has a positive effect on water yield.

Two cyclic dinucleotide molecules bind within the cavity of human SLC19A1 as a compact dual-molecule unit, whereas folate and antifolate bind to SLC19A1 as a monomer and occupy a distinct pocket of the cavity.

Mcm2 mutation or Pole3 deletion in mouse embryonic stem cells leads to asymmetric parental histone distribution and impaired neural differentiation. Mutation of the Mcm2 histone-binding domain causes defects in pre-implantation development and embryonic lethality.

Histone acetylations are important epigenetic marks for transcriptional activation and respond to metabolic changes. Here the authors develop a lifespan screen and show that inactivation of the histone deacetylase complex activates longevity and protects against stress via trehalose metabolism.

Convergent mutations in hotspots of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron receptor-binding domain can cause immune evasion and maintain sufficient ACE2-binding capability.

Regulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) through the Hippo pathway is well established, but its Hippo-independent regulation remains to be elucidated. Here, the authors show that non-proteolytic ubiquitination presents another means of YAP regulation, promoting its nuclear localization and activity.

A high-throughput yeast display platform is used to analyse the profiles of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) that enable escape from antibodies, and suggests that most anti-RBD antibodies can be escaped by the Omicron variant.

Skeletal muscle stem cells (or satellite cells, SCs) are normally quiescent but activate and expand in response to injury. Here the authors show that induction of DHX36 helicase during SC activation promotes mRNA translation by binding to 5′UTR mRNA G-quadruplexes (rG4) in targets including Gnai2 and unwinding them.

Patients with cystic fibrosis harbour mutations in the CFTR chloride channel and often develop diabetes for reasons that are poorly understood. Here Guo et al.show that CFTR is involved in the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells.

The male-sterilems2 mutant has facilitated commercial production of wheat for over 40 years. Here, Xia et al. map Ms2and describe how a retrotransposon insertion event in the regulatory element of an orphan gene is associated with expression in anthers and development of male sterility.

Antibodies targeting sclerostin can ameliorate postmenopausal osteoporosis but present some cardiovascular risk. Here the authors show that the cardiovascular and skeletal effects of sclerostin are mediated by different loops, suggesting ways to preserve the positive effects on bone formation while avoiding the negative cardiovascular consequences.

Biochemical and structural studies of the interactions between antibodies and spike proteins from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants indicate how these variants have evolved to escape antibody-mediated neutralization.

Evolution of accretion disk and corona during outbursts in black hole binary systems is still unclear. Here, the authors show spectral analysis of MAXI J1820+070 and propose a scenario of a dynamical corona to explain the evolution of the reflection fraction observed by Insight-HXMT.

Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) is frequently downregulated in liver cancer. Here the authors show that loss of LIFR promotes liver tumorigenesis and confers resistance to drug-induced ferroptosis through NF-κB-mediated upregulation of iron-sequestering cytokine LCN2.

Miniaturizing efficient triboelectric nanogenerators remains a challenge. Here, the authors propose a MEMS-based micro triboelectric device for acoustic energy transfer and signal communication which is capable of generating the voltage signal of 16.8 mV and 12.7 mV through oil and sound-attenuation medium respectively with 63kPa at 1 MHz ultrasound input.

Male patients with COVID-19 have higher plasma levels of innate immune cytokines and chemokines such as IL-8, IL-18 and CCL5 and more non-classical monocytes than female patients, whereas female patients mount robust T cell activation maintained even in older age.