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Schreier et al. report a previously undescribed cytoplasmic condensate, termed the paternal epigenetic inheritance (PEI) granule, that contains the Argonaute protein WAGO-3 and 22G small RNAs and mediates paternal epigenetic inheritance in C. elegans.

An artificial nerve that is based on a vertical n-type organic electrochemical transistor with a gradient-intermixed bicontinuous structure can operate at high frequencies and mimic basic conditioned reflex behaviour in animals.

Authors obtain high n-type thermoelectric power factor in carbon nanotube films for potential application in automated thermal management of electronic devices. They fabricate a high-power density curl-able thermoelectric generator with carbon nanotubes films.

Uncontrollable hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable death. Here, Huang et al. develop a rapid, self-expanding, coagulation-promoting hemostatic powder for non-compressible hemorrhage management.

Organic solar cells need acceptor molecules with long exciton diffusion lengths, but most available materials fail in thick films. The authors design new fluorinated quinoxaline acceptors that significantly improve carrier mobilities resulting in superior efficiency in both binary and ternary devices.

This study presents a prefusion-stabilized vaccine candidate against Hantaan virus. The DNA and mRNA-LNP formats induce lasting neutralizing immunity in female mice, highlighting a promising advance in vaccine development.

A challenge in regenerative medicine is the development of cell-free, non-immunogenic miRNA-delivering scaffolds. Here the authors design a cell-free scaffold capable of efficient and prolonged delivery of miRNA-26a to endogenous cells and show that it can regenerate a full-thickness calvarial bone defect in mice.

Vegetation productivity resilience to fast and slow developing droughts remains poorly understood. This study reports lower resilience, greater sensitivity, and weaker CO₂ fertilization effects under flash drought, indicating limited ecosystem resilience.

Sodium-ion batteries require electrolytes that withstand high voltages and low temperatures for commercial use. Here, authors design a non-flammable sulfonamide solvent with a melting point as low as −86 °C, enabling stable, conductive interphases on both electrodes. This electrolyte allows 1-Ah pouch cells to retain capacity at −60 °C/−70 °C and achieve long cycling stability (up to 81.6% after 1000 cycles at 4.2 V).

This work shows a sustainable, scalable and cost-effective synthetic process from polyacrylonitrile precursors for the production of high-performance carbon anode in lithium-ion batteries.

Here, the authors determine the cryo-EM structures of chicken ROS1, the ROS1/NEL complex, and the ROS1/NEL/NICOL complex, providing structural insight into how vertebrate ROS1 is activated by the NEL/NICOL ligand–co-ligand complex.

Targeted degradation of proteins has therapeutic potential for a range of diseases. Here the authors report on an endosome-phagosome linking assembly for autophagic degradation of membrane and extracellular proteins, demonstrating degradation of a range of proteins of therapeutic interest.

Insufficient efficacy is one of the major impediments for further application of sup-tRNA therapies. Here, authors engineer the body sequence of sup-tRNA^Arg and restored retinal function and vision-guided behavior in a mouse model carrying the RPE65-R44X nonsense mutation.

In this work, authors developed a hermetic hydrovoltaic cell that generates electricity from ambient heat without consuming water. The device operates continuously for 160 h, unaffected by external conditions like wind and light, making it potentially suitable for various challenging environments.

A class of dielectric copolymers called ladderphanes is shown to outperform existing dielectric polymers and composites, with high discharged energy density and charge–discharge efficiency even at temperatures up to 200 °C.

Here the authors study diet-induced weight gain/loss to identify chromatin architectures in adipose tissue (AT) associated obesity in a pig model. They found parallels and species-specific regulatory elements in humans and pigs that underpin AT specialization.

OPC-vascular coupling contributes to myelin maintenance. Here the authors show Cav-1 stabilizes interactions and mediates OPC maturation in ischemia.

Exhausted CD8⁺ T cells increase proteasome activity due to the accumulation of depolarized mitochondria, which drives the selective degradation of mitochondrial proteins and releases of regulatory haem through haemoprotein breakdown.

Small, low-income households and those from the Loess Plateau suffer disproportionate energy burdens, and energy poverty and inequality vary by energy type, region, ethnicity, and income level, according to an analysis that uses household survey data.

Most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma have underlying liver disease and the optimal treatment is, therefore, liver transplantation. When liver transplantation is not possible clinicians must decide whether to resect or ablate the cancer. The author of this Viewpoint article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these two approaches and their use in clinical practice.

The authors from the ALICE collaboration identify multiple species of mesons and baryons and measure the anisotropic flow with non-flow removal techniques in pp and p-Pb collisions at the LHC, identifying the hallmark of quark flow associated with an expanding quark-gluon plasma.

Alphaherpesvirus infections pose a health challenge due to the lack of effective broad-spectrum antiviral strategies. Here, the authors identify a broadly neutralizing antibody, 16F9, which targets glycoprotein B, offering cross-protection against multiple viruses and demonstrating robust efficacy in mouse models, paving the way for antiviral interventions.

Increased glycolysis in pancreatic cancer promotes immune escape by altering the tumor microenvironment. Here, the authors show that lactate-driven histone lactylation via PCAF increases CXCL1 expression, recruiting neutrophils and enabling immunosuppression, and PCAF inhibition improves anti-PD-1 therapy in pancreatic cancer mouse models.

Weng et al. developed a photocaged lysine-based gain-of-function strategy termed DeKinomics to systematically dissect kinase activity with high specificity and temporal resolution under living conditions.

Treating osteoarthritis associated pain is challenging. Here, the authors on a hydrogel for extracellular RNA scavenging and releasing bevacizumab to block angiogenesis and neurogenesis at the osteochondral interface, mitigating pain and disease progression.

Targeting individual DNA secondary structures in the genome with small molecules is challenging. Here, the authors develop ATENA, a CRISPR-based platform for targeting specific DNA structures in cells with high precision, helping to elucidate their biological roles and guide therapeutic design.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

Inhibited immune response and low levels of delivery inhibit starvation cancer therapies. Here, the authors report on the co-delivery of glucose oxidase and IDO inhibitor 1-methyltryptophan using metal organic frameworks and show amplified release in response to starvation therapy along with immune modulatory effects.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate—a mevalonate pathway metabolic intermediate—is an endogenous alarmin that enhances IgG antibody responses through keratinocyte-derived IL-6 and CCL20.

Therapeutics delivery by using non-viral vectors presents several challenges in the design of an appropriate polymeric structure. Here, the authors report a series of highly branched, biodegradable polymers which show high transfection efficiency in human multipotent adipose derived stem cells and primary astrocytes.

Femtosecond laser synthesized FeCoNiCrMnRu high-entropy alloy nanoparticles on the laser-induced graphene enable an efficient Joule heater with high heater energy efficiency and broadband infrared emissivity.

The rapid degradation during operation of perovskite solar cells may be caused by the limited durability of passivation by ammonium-terminated ligands. Here, the authors reveal the depassivation mechanism of perovskites induced by violet/ultraviolet light, validated in cells with 26.44% efficiency

The domestic chicken Gallus gallus domesticus is a classic model for the study of folliculogenesis. Here the authors integrate multi-omics analyses characterizing the dynamic transcriptome and chromatin architecture in granulosa cells during chicken folliculogenesis.

Zhang, Ma et al. report that ROS-activated O-GlcNAc transferase promotes FOXK2 O-GlcNAcylation and nuclear translocation to upregulate SLC7A11 expression, thereby modulating ferroptosis sensitivity, tumour development and chemoradiotherapy efficacy.

A foundation model validated in a prospective multi-centre cohort of 21,601 patients undergoing low-dose computed tomography screening for breast and lung cancer showed comparable performance to existing screening by radiologists.

A synthetic ligand-responsive condensate approach enables inducible condensate recruitment to different cellular compartments for spatiotemporal control of gene expression and gene product release.

In vivo base editing of a causative mutation that leads to the neurodevelopmental disorder Snijders Blok–Campeau syndrome restores protein dosage and ameliorates molecular and behavioural deficits in a humanized mouse model of the condition.

This study identifies a primary oseltamivir-resistance mutation in influenza hemagglutinin, which arises independently and enhances resistance when combined with a known neuraminidase mutation, underscoring the need for broader antiviral surveillance beyond neuraminidase.

The authors report on a 2D anion-rich NaCl₂ crystal with a Na:Cl ratio of approximately 1:2, which exhibits room-temperature ferromagnetism originating from the spin polarization of electrons in the Cl elements of these crystals.

RNA interference (RNAi) has rapidly advanced since its initial discovery to form the basis of a new class of therapeutics. De Fougerolles and colleagues discuss the challenges in the development of RNAi-based therapeutics, focusing on lead identification/optimization and effective delivery, and review the latest clinical results.