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Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

An early event after lung injury is extracellular matrix remodelling. Here, the authors show that thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) from megakaryocytes/platelets protects the lung’s extracellular matrix, particularly basement protein COL6. Mice without TSP1 had greater lung damage and neutrophil activity, showing TSP1 reduces injury severity.

Complexes possessing coordination spheres that can accommodate nine ligand atoms typically display spherical distributions of these atoms. Here, the authors predict that M-centered [OB-B₇O₇-BO] adopts unusual heptagonal bipyramidal nonacoordination.

Doublet microtubule-associated proteins assemble sperm flagella. Here, the authors use genetic knockout mice show that TEKT1 and TSSK6 are critical for sperm motility and integrity, while TEKT5 and DUSP21 have minor roles, revealing their divergent functions

Two-dimensional (2D) metal halide perovskites exhibit efficient photoinduced emission at room temperature, but control over charge carrier transport remains limited. Here formamidinium-based layered 2D perovskites are developed with high predicted symmetry. The absence of octahedral distortion results in an exciton diffusion length of 2.5 µm.

ROS-mediated sulfenylation or ‘oxidative activation’ of p-GSK-3β can terminate glycogenesis and initiate gluconeogenesis by modulating Gys2 and FoxO1, leading to hepatic insulin resistance.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

Mouse models demonstrate that vagal sensory neurons transmit signals from lung adenocarcinoma to the brain, increasing sympathetic efferent activity in the tumour microenvironment and thereby creating a immunologically permissive environment for tumour growth.

Catalytic enantioselective hydroarylation of alkynes is a concise protocol towards axial, helical, and planar chirality, but most reactions involve noble-metal catalysts. Here, the authors report a copper-catalyzed intramolecular atroposelective hydroarylation of 1-alkynylindoles with (hetero)arenes, affording C─N axially chiral carbazolyl and phenanthryl indoles.

An in situ epitaxial method can be used to grow thin films of antimony trioxide directly on two-dimensional semiconductors, such as tungsten diselenide, creating transfer-free dielectric gate stacks.

A quasi-melting transfer technique enables clean, sequential transfer of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride monolayers from germanium substrates under vacuum conditions. Controlled lattice alignment yields atomically precise, wrinkle-free superlattices with tunable stacking and twist angles, enabling scalable fabrication of high-quality 2D heterostructures for advanced electronics.

Quantum-dot electrochromic devices face challenges such as agglomeration and electrolyte erosion, hindering their commercial potential. Here, the authors address these issues by developing molecular-scale coating strategies, achieving enhanced transmittance modulation and stability, with significant implications for advancing high-performance, cost-effective electrochromic technologies.

Here they identify a functional Thyroid Hormone protein precursor in ascidian, named ScTG-like, and detected the follicle-like structure for TH synthesis. These findings suggest TG-like proteins are conserved in bilaterians, providing insight into the evolution of TH synthesis.

Mechanically interlocked supramolecular compounds have garnered widespread attention but it remains challenging to investigate topological adjustments in such complicated structures. Here, the authors use a bidentate pyridyl ligand featuring an extended π-conjugated plane for coordination-directed self-assembly to engineer three different kinds of sophisticated complexes.

China’s crowded coasts must balance seafood demand with conserving migratory shorebirds that rely on tidal flats along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. This study suggests that well-managed mariculture feeds shorebirds and limits overharvest, benefiting seafood production and biodiversity.

In vivo base editing of a causative mutation that leads to the neurodevelopmental disorder Snijders Blok–Campeau syndrome restores protein dosage and ameliorates molecular and behavioural deficits in a humanized mouse model of the condition.

Single-crystal alloy thin films (SATFs) are appealing for applications in crystal epitaxy, surface catalysis, and energy conversion. Here, the authors report a method to synthesize wafer-scale binary and ternary SATFs with sub-nanometer roughness, which can be used as substrates for the growth of high-quality graphene single crystals.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Differentiating the structural order of the commensurate modulated antiferroelectric can double the energy storage density of ceramics to over 23 J/cm³ while maintaining their efficiency.

This work demonstrates superadiabatic topological pumping on photonic chips, achieving a 20-fold device miniaturization and high-efficiency operation across a 650–920 nm bandwidth, paving the way for ultracompact integrated photonic transports.

Using multislice electron ptychography, the authors precisely resolve oxygen positions in freestanding Hf_0.5Zr_0.5O₂, quantify its ferroelectric polarization, reveal strong suppression at grain boundaries and observe an atomic-scale head-to-head charged domain wall.

Nanobubbles in liquid phase are puzzling, because their internal pressure is estimated to be unphysically large. Here, Shin et al. visualize the dynamics of nanobubbles in water encapsulated by graphene membrane and show fast gas diffusion through ultrathin water layer between two coalescing bubbles.

Ancient DNA can reveal evolutionary and demographic history of a region. Here, the authors analyze ancient human DNA from ShanDong, China to reveal two waves of gene flow from Yellow River populations in the DaWenKou (6-4 kBP) and early dynastic (3.5-1.5 kBP) periods.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with enhanced risk to develop endometrial cancer (EC). Here, the authors show that oleic acid, increased in MS, promotes endometrial cancer by supporting the stability of the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine metabolism ODC1 and polyamine accumulation.

Wang, Chu, Chen, Wei and colleagues discover a subset of tumour-associated macrophages expressing SLC2A1 whose spatial proximity to CD8⁺ T cells drives resistance to anti-PD-L1 treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Lithium metal offers high specific capacity but suffers from dendrite growth and poor cycling stability. Here, authors develop a 3D Li-Zn-Li3N/CNT composite combining ductile Li-Zn alloy and a mechanically robust Li3N-CNTs network, enabling thin, durable electrodes with uniform lithium deposition, demonstrating a pouch-cell with a specific energy of 553 Wh kg-1.

Long-lived trapped-ion entanglement over 10 km of spooled fibre reaches the threshold where establishment exceeds loss, providing a critical building block for scalable quantum repeaters.

Through integrated multi-omics and experimental validation, this study reveals that altered gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism activate TLR3 to induce urothelial injury in interstitial cystitis, identifying a pathway with therapeutic potential.

The complexity of the evolved metabolic networks of flavonoids complicates pathway elucidation and design. Here, the authors identify enzymes that modify isoflavan scaffolds from the genome and transcriptome data of Glycyrrhiza glabra, and reconstruct de novo glabridin biosynthesis in yeast.

The results of a clinical trial of mazdutide, a dual glucagon and GLP-1 receptor agonist, in the context of type 2 diabetes show that it could hold promise as an add-on therapy to conventional oral anti-diabetic drugs.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

Behçet’s syndrome is a chronic inflammatory disease with oral ulcers being the most common symptom. Here authors present results from a phase 2 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial that shows that systemic low dose interleukin-2 could be safely administered to these patients, and the therapy may improve their quality of life.

Defect formation and phase instability remain critical challenges for perovskite/organic tandem solar cells. Jiang et al. address this by designing an additive to modulate the crystallization thermodynamics of wide-bandgap perovskite, achieving a record efficiency of 22.1% in a flexible cell.

Xiaowu Wang, Jian Wu, Guusje Bonnema and colleagues report resequencing and subgenome selection analysis of 199 Brassica rapa and 119 Brassica oleracea accessions representing diverse morphotypes. They identify 4 subgenome loci with evidence of parallel selection among subgenomes and 15 subgenome loci with evidence of parallel selection between species.

Using data from the CoVPN 3008 study, the authors show that the neutralizing antibody correlate of risk holds in people living with HIV. However, the nAb correlate was weaker and shorter-lived in a vaccine-immunity versus hybrid-immunity population.

The study finds elevated CO₂ reduces methylmercury production across 45 freshwater lakes spanning 1200 longitudinal kilometers, specifically 54–96% in eutrophic ones, by shifting methanogenic pathways, highlighting the need to integrate climate drivers for methylmercury risk predictions.