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Particle processing plays a critical role in advancing solid state batteries. Here, authors show how solvent-free mechanofusion enables mixed conducting matrix coatings on cathode particles and relate coating quality to macroscopic mixing stresses for scalable solid state battery manufacturing.

StructureMASST enables pan-repository MS/MS searches using a chemical name or structure.

A deep learning framework integrates protein language models, protein interactions and domains, medical knowledge graphs and electronic health records to map variants to phenotypes.

The Human Development Multiomic Atlas catalogues single-cell accessibility and gene expression data from human fetal cells across 12 organs, enabling the inference of syntactic rules for motifs that govern cell-type-specific transcription factor binding and chromatin accessibility during human development.

Zehr et al. revealed the 2.7-Å cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of human microtubules in situ in the axon of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell)-derived neurons. It shows an expanded microtubule lattice yet bound to GDP, in contrast to the compacted lattice observed at the iPS cell stage.

ProtAIDe-Dx is a deep joint-learning model that uses plasma proteomics to provide simultaneous probabilistic diagnoses across six conditions associated with aging.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

Development of the pangenome-informed genome assembly (PIGA) workflow enabled the generation of 1,116 diploid genome assemblies (55 de novo and 1,061 pangenome-informed), representing an extensive resource of medically relevant genic variations.

An in vitro toolkit for studying VSG diversification defines key molecular requirements underlying the formation of mosaic VSGs, providing an experimental framework for the exploration of antigen diversification in Trypanosoma brucei and in other pathogenic microorganisms.

This study uses the inception loop framework to map neuronal invariances in mouse V1, revealing a bipartite receptive-field organization linked to segmentation and a synaptic-level hierarchy of increasing invariance supported by the MICrONS dataset.

Researchers created a moiré superlattice in Sb₂Te₃/FeTe bilayers, producing spatially modulated superconducting gaps directly imaged with Josephson scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, tunable by replacing Sb₂Te₃ with Bi₂Te₃.

Topological interfacial coupling enhances PMA in 2D Fe₄GeTe₂, yielding coexisting IMA/PMA components enabling field-free SOT switching at low current density with polarity control, demonstrating reconfigurable logic for low-power spintronics.

The response of Mars’ ionosphere to major solar energetic events has been known, but such observations are challenging. Here, the authors show mutual radio occultation observations revealing that a solar flare in May 2024 enhanced the lowest ionospheric layer of Mars by 278% of its typical size.

Machine learning was used to screen a library of diverse lipids on the basis of their spatial conformation and identify an LNP formulation that enabled organ-targeted mRNA delivery and tumour suppression. The work highlights the critical role of ionizable lipid conformation in LNP engineering.

The authors mapped the continental-scale fraction of age-dependent leaf area index and revealed a widespread increase in the fraction of photosynthetically efficient young leaves across the majority of Amazon rainforests over the past decades.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

Decreased brain volumes and increased NfL levels can be observed earlier than disease diagnosis in short-tandem-repeat-associated neurological diseases.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

A blood-based signature is shown to detect blinding disease risk and discriminate among seven different diseases in multiple cohorts including more than 200,000 individuals, including prospective and population-level cohorts.

A multiplexed RNA detection method exploits crRNA-dependent variability in Cas13a activity on RNA targets for kinetic barcoding and can be used to distinguish among SARS-CoV-2 variants in clinical samples.

Farnesyl pyrophosphate—a mevalonate pathway metabolic intermediate—is an endogenous alarmin that enhances IgG antibody responses through keratinocyte-derived IL-6 and CCL20.

Climate change is altering how plants balance carbon gain and water loss. This study maps global leaf-level water-use efficiency over the past two decades, showing it is highest in regions that are cold or dry, increasing worldwide, and strongly influenced by atmospheric dryness.

Adsorption of trace transition-metal cations endows common Ca/Mg-carbonates and phyllosilicates with catalytic activity for electrochemical CO2 reduction under planetary conditions, potentially promoting prebiotic chemistry and the origin of life.

Preoperative treatment for ER + /HER2- breast cancer is evolving. Here, the authors present the results of the PREDIX LumB trial that showed no difference between using first either neoadjuvant paclitaxel chemotherapy or the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib plus endocrine treatment, in terms of efficacy, and also describe the development of a predictive biomarker for neoadjuvant therapy response.

By incubating isotope-labeled microbial necromass in the field, the study shows that new microbial necromass preferentially associate with organic matter coatings on rough mineral surfaces rather than adhering to bare minerals.

Soil microbes recycle nutrients, but their global nutrient use efficiency is poorly understood. This study finds microbial nitrogen-use efficiency is nearly twice phosphorus-use efficiency, driven by soil carbon content, and is lowest in tundra and boreal forests.

Façade-integrated photovoltaics (FIPV) present a promising yet early-stage solution for mitigating building emissions. Combining global building datasets, climate projections and façade-scale simulations, researchers estimate that FIPV could deliver substantial economic and climate benefits.

Retrogressive thaw slumps are a key disturbance resulting from permafrost thaw that impact both vegetation and soil carbon. This study assesses surface greenness recovery times following thaw and shows that recovery can be predicted based on annual ecosystem gross primary productivity.

A chip-less, self-powered electronic patch uses friction-induced electromagnetic waves to achieve wearable motion sensing and long-range wireless communication.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction can simultaneously remove pollutants and produce ammonia but is often limited by hydrogen side reactions. This study shows that nanoconfined CuCo catalysts enable a proton-coupled electron transfer pathway that delivers highly selective, efficient and stable ammonia synthesis.

Single-nucleus chromatin and RNA sequencing identifies epigenetic chromatin domains that confer vulnerability to paediatric brain tumours such as ependymomas, providing insight into the development of such tumours despite ‘quiet’ genomes.

Longitudinal metatranscriptomics in a prospective cohort of 1,164 adults hospitalized for COVID-19 reveals that azithromycin offered no apparent anti-inflammatory benefit but enriched the respiratory microbiome with potential pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes.

Centennial-scale variations in methane carbon isotope ratios are attributed to changes in pyrogenic and biogenic sources that can be correlated with anthropogenic activities, such as varying levels of biomass burning during the period of the Roman empire and the Han dynasty, and changes in natural climate variability.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

In the nonpivotal stage 1 of the randomized phase 3 PRESERVE-003 trial, patients with immunochemotherapy-resistant metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer without actionable genomic alterations treated with the next-generation, pH-sensitive anti-CTLA-4 agent gotistobart had encouraging overall survival outcomes compared to docetaxel.

Genetic analyses in more than 15,000 individuals from across the Americas, including individuals with autism and family members, define the genetic landscape of autism in Latin American populations and identify significant overlap with other ancestries.

Findings suggest that neural crest fate bias predominantly emerges within the neural tube, and that only a minor subset of delaminated progenitors retain multipotency to generate both sensory and sympathetic derivatives.

Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) boronic esters are crucial synthetic intermediates for the synthesis of a variety of BCP-containing drugs with improved pharmacokinetic properties. Here, the authors report a general approach to BCP boronic ester via direct, single-step decarboxylation of carboxylic acids.

Crystal structures of HIV Env trimer with native glycosylation in complex with neutralizing antibodies reveal a glycan shield of high-mannose and complex-type N-glycan and indicate a path for germline-targeting vaccine design.

Grain protein content determines rice nutrition quality. Here, the authors show that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of OsGluA2, encoding a glutelin type-A2 precursor, is responsible for glutelin content difference between the indica and japonica rice subspecies.

Linker histone proteins (H1) play a key role in chromatin regulation, but their behavior in crowded nucleosome environments is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that different H1 variants bind and connect multiple nucleosomes in diverse ways, supporting dynamic chromatin organization.

Climate models overestimate greenhouse gas effects on the temperature difference between Earth’s hemispheres, with this bias strongest in high climate sensitivity models, suggesting future tropical rainfall shifts may be less severe than projected.

Strong optical anisotropy is commonly achieved by complex engineered materials. Here, authors synthesize elemental crystals of type-II red phosphorus made of wavy tubular structures, exhibiting strong birefringence in the visible and near-infrared spectral region. They demonstrate anisotropic photoluminescence, Raman scattering and second-harmonic generation.

Solar-driven biosynthesis using semiconductor biohybrids has the potential to achieve sustainable chemical production, but often it is hindered by inefficient solar energy conversion. Here the authors develop design strategies to tackle this technical challenge.

It remains unclear why some BRCA-deficient high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) do not respond to platinum-based therapy. Here, multi-omic analysis of BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient HGSC attributes co-occurring mutations, DNA repair deficiency and tumor microenvironment features to short survival in these patients.

In a kagome superconductor, sublattice degrees of freedom are shown to govern a distinct density wave phase featuring chiral textures and symmetry properties that align with one of the fundamental frieze symmetry groups.

Daily satellite data reveal that Earth’s artificial lights at night are highly volatile, with frequent brightening and dimming between 2014 and 2022.

This study reported widespread declines in resilience after multi-year droughts and showed that biodiversity and climate strongly shape forest resilience after multi-year droughts, but human footprint makes biodiversity’s contribution consistently and strongly negative.