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TREM2 is an important AD risk factor playing essential roles in the microglial response to amyloid pathology. Here, authors show using a TREM2 reporter mouse that TREM2 levels are critical for efficacy of TREM2 agonism informing current clinical efforts.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

The homocatenation of electron-deficient Group 13 metals to form metal-metal multiple bonds through covalent self-assembly remains extremely challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate the synthesis and characterization of N-heterocyclic carbene-stabilized digallyl digallenes which exhibit unsaturated Ga-Ga=Ga-Ga chains with trans-bent geometries.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have limited therapeutic options. Here the authors show that functionally impaired NK cells contribute to immune escape of pre-malignant clones in early stage MDS and that NK adoptive cell therapy can be considered to prevent or delay the development of MDS.

Lasing with multi-pass gain is achieved in a diamond-based X-ray cavity at the European XFEL, opening a path to next-generation X-ray science.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Studying many-body quantum chaos on current quantum hardware is hindered by noise and limited scalability. Now it is shown that a superconducting processor, combined with error mitigation, can accurately simulate dual-unitary circuit dynamics.

The integration of germanium quantum-well devices and low-loss waveguides with silicon substrates shows promise for realizing low-loss, on-chip photonic interconnects.

The development of novel two-dimensional antiferromagnets is crucial for enhancing the performance of spintronic devices. Here, authors realize the synthesis of CrOCl monolayer films and nanosheets that exhibit excellent performance.

Riboswitches are allosteric RNA molecules that change conformation upon ligand binding to regulate downstream genes. Here, the authors use Restricted Boltzmann machines trained on natural sequences to design new riboswitch aptamer domains, and validate their functionality via chemical probing.

Gravitational lens modelling of a million-solar-mass dark object reveals that it cannot be a free-floating black hole or dark-matter halo as predicted by cold dark matter, instead indicating a peculiar and highly concentrated mass distribution.

Fungal diseases threaten crops worldwide. By resolving the cryo-EM structure of fungal succinate dehydrogenase, researchers designed an inhibitor with broad antifungal activity, strong field performance, and reduced environmental toxicity.

Nucleotide second messengers, such as cAMP and c-di-GMP, regulate many physiological processes in bacteria, including biofilm formation. Here, the authors provide evidence of cross-talk between cAMP and c-di-GMP pathways through direct interaction of their effectors, showing that the cAMP receptor protein (CRP) can play regulatory roles at the post-translational level.

Highly strained germanium on silicon samples with up to 3.1% uniaxial strain are fabricated and then investigated by Raman spectroscopy. During optical pumping, changes in both the emission wavelength and output power are observed, indicating that bandgap modification and optical gain are occurring.

A computational workflow, LyMOI, uses LLM, knowledge graphs and other tools to facilitate ’omic analysis and hypothesis generation related to autophagy.

Ge/Si heterojunctions are prominent candidates for spintronics, but the spin-dependent phenomena have been elusive. Here, Giorgioniet al. report long spin relaxation and coherence times in a two dimensional electron gas confined in quantum wells of pure Ge grown on SiGe-buffered Si substrates.

The integration of epitaxial complex oxides on semiconductor and flexible substrates is required but challenging. Here, the authors report the highly heterogeneous epitaxy of transferrable BaTiO_3-δ membrane with enhanced flexoelectricity on Ge (011).

Hole-based spin qubits in planar Ge is a promising system for advancing scalable spin qubit processors. Here the authors demonstrate the strong hole charge-photon coupling and probe Wigner molecule states in a cavity-quantum dot hybrid architecture on planar Ge.

Exemplified by Bi_0.4Sb_1.6Te₃, the authors reveal the reason for low thermal conductivity induced by compositional inhomogeneity lies in randomly aligned edge dislocations induced by random composition distribution.

The MOUNTAINEER phase 2 trial demonstrated the efficacy and safety of tucatinib (HER2-targeted TKI) and trastuzumab (anti-HER2 antibody) in patients with HER2 + , RAS wildtype unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer that had progressed on chemotherapy, resulting in the approval of the regimen. Here, the authors report the updated analysis of the MOUNTAINEER trial.

Protons and neutrons in nuclei form shell structures with energy gaps at magic numbers. These numbers vanish in neutron rich isotopes, creating “Islands of Inversion”. Studies of 84Mo and 86Mo reveal a shift, defining an “Isospin-Symmetric Island of Inversion” influenced by three-nucleon forces.

Milordini et al. report the design of DNA aptamers that block RAD51-BRCA2 interaction and impair DNA repair in cancer cells. Combined with the PARP inhibitor Olaparib, they trigger synthetic lethality, suggesting potential avenues for cancer treatment.

Targeting individual DNA secondary structures in the genome with small molecules is challenging. Here, the authors develop ATENA, a CRISPR-based platform for targeting specific DNA structures in cells with high precision, helping to elucidate their biological roles and guide therapeutic design.

A gatemon is a transmon-type superconducting qubit made using a hybrid superconductor-semiconductor approach enabling tunability with electric gates. Here the authors demonstrate a gatemon qubit in planar germanium, which is anticipated to have various advantages.

p97-UFD1L-NPLOC4 unfolds proteins for proteasomal degradation, but whether it suffices to extract proteins from lipid bilayers is unclear. We show that the UBH-UBX module in FAF2 and its homologs double p97’s ATPase and unfolding activity, and drives membrane protein extraction.

Detection of hot intracluster gas in SPT2349−56 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array provides new insights into early cluster formation.

In a long-term follow-up of the FAME 2 trial, fractional flow reserve-guided percutaneous coronary intervention plus medical therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease reduced cardiovascular events compared to medical therapy alone, primarily due to a decrease in urgent revascularization events.

How RNA folds into functional structures is still largely uncharacterized. Here, using cryo-EM, SAXS, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the authors create a movie of a medically relevant ribozyme acquiring its functionally active conformation.

Superconductor–semiconductor hybrid systems can bring together physical properties that are promising for fast and coherent quantum technology. Here, Hendrickx et al. realize such a system in planar germanium heterostructures demonstrating excellent quantum dots and tunable Josephson supercurrents.

Specificity in interactions with otherwise common glycan structures is likely achieved through glycan context. Here, the authors show that such glycan context is generated through tunable glycan arrangements that are translated into function by galectins.

On-demand laser-induced frequency tuning of coherent magnons in a 20 nm thick magnet at room temperature is demonstrated. By tuning the laser fluence and magnetic field, red- or blueshift of the frequency up to 40% of its original value are achieved.

Two-dimensional materials show remarkable lubrication properties, yet chemical modifications may hinder such capabilities. Here, the authors show that when graphene is aligned on a Ge(111) substrate, ultra-low friction can be preserved even after graphene fluorination or oxidation.

A colour correction array featuring red-, green- and blue-sensitive organic transistors integrated within a single pixel enables self-adaptive intensity and colour correction.

The study investigates earthquake magnitude scenarios and seismic risk reduction policies for Campi Flegrei, a densely populated volcanic area in southern Italy, which is undergoing a bradyseism-related crisis in 2024.

Plants utilize anion channels to adapt to environmental stresses. Here, authors elucidate the coordinated regulatory mechanisms within the SLAH family and demonstrate that tRNA molecules directly bind to and inhibit the SLAH1 anion channel.

This multicenter study demonstrates use of dried and capillary blood as a minimally invasive, scalable approach for Alzheimer’s biomarker testing in research, with potential as a widely scalable population-based research approach, especially in resource-limited settings.

Researchers demonstrate a receiver based on an all-Si eight-channel avalanche photodiode, which operates at a data rate of 160 Gb s⁻¹ per channel and has an aggregate rate of 1.28 Tb s⁻¹.

Dispersion engineering is pivotal in nonlinear photonics but traditionally fixed by post-fabrication immutability. Here, the authors demonstrate integrated chalcogenide microresonators with arbitrarily reconfigurable dispersion, providing a scalable and reprogrammable architecture for multifunctional photonic circuits.

A singlet-triplet spin qubit using holes in a Ge quantum well is demonstrated, and can be operated at low magnetic fields of a few millitesla.

The impact of ACKR3 constitutive activity is unknown. Here, the authors suppress basal ACKR3 activity using inverse agonistic nanobodies to stabilize an inactive conformation and revealing a role for ACKR3 in basal cell motility.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

Human Glucose-6- phosphate Transporter (G6PT1) is critical for systemic glucose homeostasis. By integrating multiple cryo-EM structures with functional validation, the study elucidates the molecular mechanism of G6PT1 and its dysregulation in glycogen storage disease.

Selective activation of the hepatoportal nerve plexus via peripheral focused ultrasound stimulation improves glucose homoeostasis and enhances glucose tolerance and utilization in rodent models of diabetes and in swine.