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The existence of a long-lived, prethermal regime in many-body systems with tunable heating rates, driven by structured random protocols, is observed using a 78-qubit superconducting quantum processor.

Photocatalysis holds promise for sustainable synthesis, but AI-driven reaction prediction is hindered by limited data. Here, the authors introduce PhotoCatDB, a comprehensive database of 26.7 K reactions, and develop PhotoCat, a transformer-based tool achieving high accuracy in photocatalytic reaction prediction, retrosynthesis, and condition recommendation, as well as experimentally validate the newly discovered photocatalytic reactions.

The structural anisotropy necessary for the powered directional rotation of chemically fuelled molecular motors had previously been provided by chiral fuels or enzymes. Now it has been shown that asymmetry in the organocatalyst itself is sufficient for directional fuelled rotation. This informs how chemical energy is transduced through catalysis, the fundamental process that powers biology.

There is an unmet medical need for endometrial cancer patients with mismatch-repair proficient disease. Here, the authors report the primary analysis of the FRUSICA-1 phase Ib/II trial evaluating fruquintinib plus sintilimab in this population, showing an ORR of 32.7%, a median PFS of 8.6 months, and manageable toxicity.

Copper isotopes in the martian mantle are heavier than those in chondritic precursors, indicating that sulfides extracted isotopically light copper into the core during planetary differentiation. This process resulted in a sulfur-poor mantle and a sulfur-rich core, accounting for the observed depletion of chalcophile elements in the mantle. Isotopic evidence and modeling further reveal the history of martian differentiation, providing new insights into the early evolution of Mars.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Molecular doping is essential for optimizing carrier concentration, charge mobility, and energy levels of organic semiconductors, but efficient n(electron)-type doping remains challenging. Here, the authors present a catalysed n-doping strategy using air-stable, cost-effective, and commercially available soluble organometallic complexes.

The authors report the synthesis of (La_0.9Y_0.1)H₁₀ superhydrides and their characterization using synchrotron-based, spatially resolved x-ray diffraction and electrical transport imaging. They reveal μm-scale structural inhomogeneity with coexisting cubic and hexagonal clathrate phases exhibiting distinct superconducting transition temperatures.

Haplotype-resolved, gap-free genome assemblies for a representative Asian pear (Pyrus bretschneideri, ‘Dangshansuli’) and a European pear (Pyrus communis, ‘Max Red Bartlett’) provide insights into genome evolution and interspecies variation in Pyrus species.

In this study, authors evaluate mass tuberculosis (TB) screening data from 183,808 elderly individuals in China, finding that abnormal chest X-rays significantly increase TB risk.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

A layer-by-layer thermal evaporation strategy enables thermally evaporated inverted perovskite solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 25.19%, maintaining about 95% of their initial efficiency after 1,000 h of operation.

Traditional electrorefining process is limited by deposition potential of the metal itself. Here, the authors explore an in-situ anodic precipitation process based on different solubility of target metal chlorides that can efficiently separate components of aluminum alloys.

Transformations of alcohols, which are ubiquitous in chemistry and are native functionalities in many natural products and bioactive molecules, are cornerstones of organic synthesis. Here the authors describe photocatalyzed cross-couplings of activated alcohols with α-amino acids, providing a direct approach for a variety of unnatural amino acids.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Here the authors report the synthesis of defect-rich boron nitride by flux reconstruction method, which exhibited good reactivity for semihydrogenation of low concentration acetylene in ethylene-abundant gas stream.

A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of allohexaploid bread wheat cv. Chinese Spring (CS-IAAS), along with transcriptomic and proteomic data, highlights wheat genome complexity and its structural and functional features.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

In this study the authors consider the structural variants (SVs) present within cancer cases of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. They report hundreds of genes, including known cancer-associated genes for which the nearby presence of a SV breakpoint is associated with altered expression.

The authors introduce a structural design with a well-ordered local structure for barium titanate-based ceramics, which decreases Curie temperature while preserves a sharp phase transition, enabling tunable polarization, large dielectric constant and intrinsic electrocaloric effect near room temperature.

In this large-scale study, the authors used multimodal neuroimaging and cognitive data from UK Biobank participants to examine the relationship between regional adiposity and brain health.

Replacing animal feathers and wool with synthetic materials can ameliorate the ethical and environmental issues associated with the production of clothing designed to retain warmth. Here the authors present synthetic nanofibre textiles that combine wearability, comfort, lightness and thermal insulation.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

The semileptonic decay channels of the Λc baryon can give important insights into weak interaction, but decay into a neutron, positron and electron neutrino has not been reported so far, due to difficulties in the final products’ identification. Here, the BESIII Collaboration reports its observation in e+e- collision data, exploiting machine-learning-based identification techniques.

Donor exciton delocalization and its impact on photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells remains less explored. Here, the authors found that delocalized excitons are formed in aggregates of the donor polymer D18, and that these delocalized excitons mediate charge generation in solar cells.

The regulatory network governing triplex DNA dynamics remains poorly understood. Now it has been shown that chemoproteomic profiling—aided by the development of a triplex DNA-specific probe—reveals the binding and functional repertoire of proteins that interact with triplex DNA, providing a valuable resource for exploring the biology and translational potential of triplex DNA.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are clinically heterogeneous, with varying degrees of aggressiveness. Here, the authors describe the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of 117 GISTs from 105 patients; they find four molecular subtypes as well as recurrent inactivating YLPM1 mutations in high-risk/metastatic GIST.

Histone crotonylation has been shown to regulate transcription in multiple settings, but its role during preimplantation development has not been examined. Here they show that P300 regulated crotonylation during embryonic development and that H3K18cr marks active promoters in embryos, crucial for transcriptional activation and embryonic fate determination.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

Catalytic syngas conversion is an essential part of sustainable chemical production but is hindered by the trade-off between conversion activity and product selectivity. Here the authors address this challenge by developing a catalytic shunt strategy.

Genetic testing is crucial for precision cancer medicine. Here, the authors develop a one-pot ERA-CRISPR assay to detect variable same-site indels, using an engineered AsCas12a variant with improved mismatch tolerance and broadened PAM scope.

Prime editing systems (PEs) hold great promise though the editing range is limited to downstream sequences of the pegRNA nick. Here, the authors report the extended prime editor system (EXPERT), which overcomes this limitation enabling efficient editing on both sides of the pegRNA nick.

Shadow tomography is efficient for quantum state characterization. Here, the authors implement shadow tomography on photonic states with a single metasurface, which alleviates the complexity in measurement

Understanding the charge storage mechanism of electrode materials is critical for designing electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, authors study Li⁺ intercalation into two-dimensional metal carbides in nonaqueous electrolytes, revealing distinct behavior for different surface terminations.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

A suite of bridged rhodamine dyes (BriDyes) offers excellent brightness, solubility, photostability, and tunable cell permeability along with resistance to photoblueing, making them exceptional all-purpose dyes for fluorescence biomaging.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.