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Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) are a leading cause of female infertility. Here, authors engineer a Tβ4-releasing ECM hydrogel that mimics decidualization to promote endometrial regeneration as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of IUA.

Papaya is a trioecious species with XX females, XY males, and XY^h hermaphrodites, and the combination of Y and Y^h chromosomes is lethal. Here, the authors identify the degeneration of the YY lethality gene on the Y chromosome as the causal balancing lethal factor that reenforces dioecy and stabilizes balanced sex ratios.

How high-fat diet disrupts brain circuits that regulate food intake is unclear. Here, the authors show such a diet downregulates Hcn1 and Gad2 in lateral septum, which in turn disrupts circuit activity and promotes overeating and obesity in mice.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Tan and colleagues develop DNA nanodevices to detect the pH of the lysosomal outer surface, observing an acidic layer generated by TMEM175 that regulates lysosome positioning in response to changes in juxta-lysosomal pH.

Addressing how the nitrogen-induced changes in plant diversity differ from those in soil organisms is critical. This global meta-analysis suggests that nitrogen enrichment has stronger negative effects on plant diversity but modest to negligible effects on soil bacterial and fungal diversity.

Using activity-based chemical probes, oncogenic IDH1-R132H but not the wild type was found to acquire a unique autopalmitoylation at C269. This mutant-specific modification is critical for the enzyme’s abnormal activity in cancer.

Here, in a large-scale clinical trial, the authors associate gut microbiota composition and metabolic status with effectiveness of dietary fiber intervention in prediabetes, and provide a clinically applicable model to guide microbiome-targeted personalized medicine.

All-solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries generally suffer from low ionic conductivity. Here, authors manipulate the lattice of antiperovskite-type Li₂OHCl by potassium ion substitution, which alters the lattice structure and improves the lithium ion transport properties.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Bacteriophages play a pivotal, yet poorly understood, role in shaping antibiotic resistance dynamics in natural environments. A global analysis of 840 groundwater metagenomes reveals that phage–host interactions constrain ARG acquisition via enhanced phage defence.

The authors demonstrate nondestructive optical readout of antiferroelectric hafnium zirconium based memory using a photo-pyroelectric effect, overcoming the long-standing challenge of destructive electrical readout in hafnium-oxide technologies.

How the brain represents and allocates limited working memory resources remains unclear. Here the authors show that the geometry of compositionality in macaque prefrontal neurons underlies the flexible and rational use of limited resources in sequence working memory.

This work reveals critical role of R-Ras2 in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression. R-Ras2 maintains VSMCs function via c-MET-TFII-I axis, with MEG3 stabilizing its mRNA stability. Findings identify R-Ras2 a potential AAA therapeutic target.

Flexible electronics need to balance conductivity and material performance. Here the authors report a PDMS based conductor using in-situ silver nanoparticle formation to optimize these properties.

This study reports a conjugated polymer photocatalyst, TPM-DADK, that enables light-driven hydrogen peroxide production via stable ketyl radicals, achieving efficient electron storage and dynamic exfoliation for enhanced solar-to-chemical conversion.

A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

High-power, tunable accelerator-based terahertz radiation is demonstrated. By electron-beam manipulation through laser heater beating, tunable capability from 7.8 to 30.8 THz, narrow spectral bandwidths (ranging from 7.7% to 14.7%) and pulse energies up to 385 μJ are obtained.

Azeotropic separations of organic mixtures are of interest for chemical manufacturing, though conventional methods must overcome energy-intensive phase transitions. Here the authors, design a pressure driven membrane using spirocyclic poly(vinylene ether ketone) material to separate alcohol-hydrocarbon mixtures.

Modules of foldable crystalline silicon solar cells retain their power-conversion efficiency after being subjected to bending stress or exposure to air-flow simulations of a violent storm.

Monocytes derived from bone marrow leucocytes are chemically conjugated with a Tau-specific aptamer via bioorthogonal chemistry, enabling systemic delivery across the blood–brain barrier and targeted clearance of extracellular Tau in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models.

The mechanisms linking neuropsychiatric and metabolic disorders remain unclear. The authors show a pancreas–hippocampus feedback loop whereby metabolic and circadian factors drive behavioral fluctuations, with potential relevance for bipolar disorder.

The realization of high-performance flexible perovskite/crystalline-silicon tandem solar cells requires efficient photocarrier transport and mitigation of residual stress. Here, authors reveal the critical role of perovskite phase homogeneity, achieving flexible devices with efficiency of 29.88%.

NiFe-based catalysts are promising for water oxidation in alkaline electrolytes, but their dynamic structure under operation hinders the establishment of design principles for improved catalytic performance. Now a water oxidation mechanism on mixed NiFe hydroxide catalysts is proposed that involves dissolved FeO₄²⁻ species acting as co-catalysts.

Infrared (IR)-transparent textiles are promising for thermal management systems, but fabrication from traditional textile methods remains challenging. Here, the authors propose a drawing process for Nylon 6 with high IR-transmittance and temperature reduction.

Alternative splicing crucially affects various biological processes, however, its function in heart development is largely unknown. Here, the authors show an essential role of alternative splicing factor PTBP1 in ventricular chamber development.

Boccella, Yu and colleagues reveal that the transmembrane protein ANTXR1 regulates post-infarction fibrotic remodeling, and its inhibition blocks collagen turnover and improves heart function.

Evidence for the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate COPD is limited. Here, the authors show that long-term treatment with high-dose N-acetylcysteine neither significantly reduced the annual rate of total exacerbations nor improve lung function in patients with mild-tomoderate COPD.

A comparison of alpha diversity (number of plant species) and dark diversity (species that are currently absent from a site despite being ecologically suitable) demonstrates the negative effects of regional-scale anthropogenic activity on plant diversity.