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Single-nucleus chromatin and RNA sequencing identifies epigenetic chromatin domains that confer vulnerability to paediatric brain tumours such as ependymomas, providing insight into the development of such tumours despite ‘quiet’ genomes.

An algorithm that combines deep learning, Bayesian optimization and computer vision techniques can be used to autonomously tune a semiconductor spin qubit from a grounded device to Rabi oscillations.

Physical networks can learn to accomplish tasks on the fly by adjusting their internal parameters. Now it is shown that such physical learning can be achieved in metamaterials that can learn to change shape.

In vitro propagation of the pathogenic bacterium Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, leads to attenuated virulence and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) truncation. Here, Long et al. show that a strain considered to be avirulent (NMII) can be recovered from infected animals, and these isolates display increased virulence and an elongated LPS due to reversion of a 3-bp mutation in a gene.

Neurons in medial entorhinal cortex collectively represent discrete nonlocal positions during immobility. During this nonlocal coding, CA1 is uncoupled from entorhinal cortex. These representations are of task-relevant locations.

In clinical validation of a liquid biopsy assay, the approach enabled fast and accurate molecular diagnosis of EBV⁺ Burkitt’s lymphoma in more than 200 children and young adults in Tanzania and Uganda.

Parkinson’s disease is managed through co-treatment with levodopa and tolcapone, with tolcapone altering the microbiome to increase its capacity to metabolize levodopa, implicating the gut microbiome in drug–drug interaction.

Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Single-cell isoform quantification using Nanopore long reads remains limited by sequencing errors. Here, authors present Longcell, a computational framework that corrects these errors and uncovers splicing variation across cell populations and spatial contexts.

This work introduces a pedigree-derived benchmark for single-nucleotide variants, indels, structural variants and tandem repeats, offering a variant map to validate sequencing workflows or to support the development and evaluation of new variant callers.

Neuroimmune interactions are important in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here the authors characterize the role of NK cells in mouse models of ALS, and in patient tissue.

The meningeal compartment communicates with the brain to modulate homeostatic functions. Here, the authors demonstrate that natural killer (NK) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC) 1 shape synaptic neuronal transmission and affect mouse behavior.

SRCAP depletion causes rapid replacement of H2A.Z by H2A, leading to upregulation of lineage-specific transcription factors. SRCAP also prevents pioneer transcription factor binding by steric hindrance, independently of its H2A.Z-depositing activity.

Imprinting by influenza viruses can cause a deleterious shift of nearly the entire memory recall response against key, conserved epitopes.

Longitudinal metatranscriptomics in a prospective cohort of 1,164 adults hospitalized for COVID-19 reveals that azithromycin offered no apparent anti-inflammatory benefit but enriched the respiratory microbiome with potential pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes.

Robust protein synthesis by the ribosome is required for rapid cancer growth. Here authors present interdictors, small molecule inhibitors of protein synthesis with context-dependent activity that inhibit MYC-driven cancer cell growth in a mouse model.

An improved faba bean reference genome and resequencing of winter and spring faba bean accessions identify genetic determinants of winter hardiness.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission. Its genetic background remains unclear, particularly beyond specific subtypes reported in European populations. Here the authors perform a genome-wide association study covering all disease subtypes in a Japanese cohort.

Reconstructing microbial genomes from 820 reef-building corals collected at 99 reefs across 32 islands throughout the Pacific Ocean highlights the importance of conserving coral reefs as vital reservoirs of molecular diversity.

Measuring the transmission phase of a quantum dot is crucial for the read-out of future topological qubits based on nanowire networks but has not been established yet. Here, the authors demonstrate interferometric read-out of the transmission phase in a nanowire-based architecture.

ROCKET improves experimental structure elucidation by integrating implicit structural knowledge from OpenFold, a trainable reimplementation of AlphaFold2, with X-ray crystallographic and cryo-electron microscopy experiments.

TDP-43 pathology is a key event in ALS/FTD and selectively affects specific neurons in the motor cortex. Here, the authors report which neuron types are affected and demonstrate that transcriptomic changes are cell-type specific.

Molecular glue degraders have consistently been discovered retrospectively, despite their increasing importance. Herein, a high-throughput approach is described that modifies existing ligands into molecular glue degraders.

The mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis requires coordinated protein–lipid signals. Here, Gelles et al. show that a BAX lipid-binding cavity for 2-trans-hexadecenal cooperates with BIM to allosterically activate BAX prior to membrane insertion.

Lee et al. report a mechanism regulating mRNP export mediated by N⁶-adenosine methylation, METTL3 and NUP93 with potential implications for nephrotic syndrome and other human diseases.

The human genome contains approximately 800 G proteincoupled receptors (GPCRs), all characterized by a common 7-transmembrane domain architecture. Here, the authors show that PKD1, an 11-transmembrane protein with a noncanonical transient receptor potential (TRP) channel architecture, functions as a GPCR with unique biochemical properties.

Deep sea sediment microbes recycle key elements such as nitrogen, carbon, and sulphur. Gene activity from Chilean sediments shows communities are fuelled by sinking organic matter and by a sulphur rich cold seep.

Mycobacteria require a conserved ABC transporter to export lipid-linked galactan for cell wall biosynthesis. Here, the authors determined multiple cryo-EM structures of this transporter in complex with a substrate analogue, thereby shedding light on the transport mechanism.

This Swedish population-based cohort study identified an association between exposure to assault/victimization and obsessive–compulsive disorder risk, particularly within the first year after exposure.

Analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes from archaeological canid remains found across Europe and Anatolia shows that a genetically homogeneous dog population was already widely distributed across the region by 15,000 years ago.

Laser-driven neutron sources offer unique advantages for fundamental physics and applications. Here, authors present an experiment at the DRACO PW laser where they achieved for the first time single neutron detection of fast neutrons, establishing LDNSs as a promising, scalable platform for future fast neutron-induced reaction studies.

A dispersive sensing technique, termed the radiofrequency electron cascade, can perform singlet-triplet readout of two exchange-coupled electron spins in a natural silicon planar metal–oxide–semiconductor quantum-dot array.

Superconductivity in twisted bilayer WSe₂ evolves smoothly with twist angle and emerges near Fermi surface reconstruction, linking previously distinct phase diagrams and clarifying its correlated origin.

Immunoglobulin class switch recombination requires the activity of the RNA-degrading enzyme DIS3, and mutations affecting DIS3 exoribonucleolytic activity are common in multiple myeloma, implying that these dominant variants could be causal to B lymphoid tumorigenesis. Here the authors generate knock-in mice carrying the human DIS3 G766R mutation, which leads to plasmacytoid tumorigenesis via impairing the precision of AID-targeting.

Germline and somatic interactions define actionable genomic patterns driving acquired therapy resistance in breast cancer.

The susceptibility of mouse and human T cells to ferroptosis is determined by the balance of systemic polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, highlighting a key role for lipid metabolism and dietary composition in regulating T cell function.

SAVANA is a tool to detect somatic structural variants and copy number aberrations using long-read sequencing data, offering high sensitivity, specificity and compatibility with or without germline controls.

Chromatin plays a central role in gene regulation, but chromatin systems are only known for a few model species. This study analyses chromatin regulatory landscapes in brown algal lineages to elucidate the structural organization and evolution of chromatin in these multicellular eukaryotes.

Geisterfer, Jalihal et al. show spatially distinct effects of Whi3 condensates on target translation in Ashbya syncytia. In vitro, translation is enriched at condensate–solute interfaces but repressed with increased condensate size and RNA valency.

Many GPCRs signal from endosomes, which requires active G proteins at this location. Here, the authors describe how active Gα_s accumulates on endosomes and reveal location-biased selectivity in GPCR-mediated G protein activation.

Epigenetic programming of myeloid and CD4⁺ T cells promotes decay of the SIV reservoir in rhesus macaques and a similar molecular pathway is found in HIV elite controllers.

Single-cell transcriptomics excel in cell subset classification and can be augmented by suitable genotype information. Here the authors devise a long-read sequencing workflow, termed nanoranger, for detection of molecular barcodes from single-cell cDNA and apply this to clonal tracking of acute myeloid leukemia and identification of complex immune phenotypes.

Saturation genome editing of RNU4-2 identifies the functional and clinical impact of variants across the entire gene and delineates variants that cause a new recessive neurodevelopmental disorder distinct from ReNU syndrome.

Researchers show that a disease-causing Tau mutation disrupts the autophagy-lysosome pathway in human neurons, leading to Tau accumulation, and that enhancing autophagy can partially restore protein clearance.

SingleBrain integrates publicly available single-nucleus RNA sequencing and genotype data from 983 individuals of European ancestry, mapping eQTLs across major brain cell types and subtypes and providing insights into the genetic regulation of brain disorders.

A synthetic genetic circuit made up of recombinase-based cell-fate branching devices enables precise control over the ratios of cell types in an offspring population derived from one founder strain, and could be used to build user-defined multicellular aggregates.

In this study, the authors find that ribonuclease 4 (RNase4)-expressing nociceptors, through RNase4, act as regulatory hubs that maintain peripheral nerve stability and coordinate nerve responses to injury, revealing a homeostatic role for nociceptors.

It is shown that an a.c. field exponentially extends the lifetime of a prethermal time crystal realized with nuclear spins in diamond, enabling a narrowband detection of magnetic fields.