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Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Less is known about the entire microbial pathogen profile of small mammals. Here, the authors analyse 2,408 tissue-resolved metatranscriptomes to map the infectome in small mammals, uncovering high viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic diversity and showing how geography, hosts, and seasons shape zoonotic risk.

Achieving selective and precise modification of macromolecules under biocompatible conditions (such as aqueous solutions, mild temperatures, and neutral pH) remains a significant technical challenge. Here, the authors develop a photoinduced coupling reaction based on N-hydroxy naphthalimide esters, which is effective in biologically relevant conditions.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

Molybdenum disulfide vertical transistors with channel lengths down to one atomic layer can be made with metal electrodes using a mechanical van der Waals transfer process that leads to a high-quality metal–semiconductor interface.

The high trap density associated with tin (II) oxidation impacts the device performance of methylammonium cation-free tin-lead perovskite solar cells. Here, authors employ rubidium acetate for defect passivation and achieve efficient and stable single-junction and all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

An analysis of 140 floras from China reveals that high species diversity exists in granite and mixed landforms, while low species diversity is found in karst, Danxia, and desert landforms. Based on these findings, the authors provide new clues for understanding the assembly and differentiation of mountain floras, highlighting the role of bedrock and landform processes.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Here the authors report that hepatic loss of GTPase-activating protein-binding protein1 (G3BP1) exacerbates MASLD and MASH pathogenesis in a study with male mice. Mechanistically, G3BP1 interacts with SNARE proteins and promotes autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and facilitates nuclear translocation of the transcription factor TFE3.

Molecular recognition is an important biological process where guest and host molecules interact through non-covalent bonding. Yeet al. show that this can be sensed by the dielectric and ferroelectric signals of the final complexes in a series of metal-coordination compounds with different diol molecules.

Ferroelectricity normally exists in either solid crystals or liquid crystals. Here, the authors report a homochiral organic compound which shows ferroelectricity in both solid crystal and liquid crystal phases.

There lacks a comprehensive analysis on the large-scale deployment of solar photovoltaic projects and its impact on poverty alleviation. Here the authors show that solar photovoltaic poverty alleviation pilot policy increases per-capita disposable income in a county by approximately 7%-8%.

In a randomized controlled trial involving patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, treatment with Qiliqiangxin, a traditional Chinese medicine derived from 11 types of plants, decreased the incidence of cardiac events, as compared to placebo.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) modulate all aspects of RNA metabolism. Here the authors introduce a method named HARD-AP that effectively isolates RBPs and their closely associated RNA regulatory complexes from both cultured cells and fresh tissues.

The feasibility of satellite-assisted quantum communication is demonstrated by a field test on the ground. To supress noise due to sunlight the wavelength of 1,550 nm is chosen, and spectrum and spatial filtering technology developed.

By using scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, researchers observe layer-dependent electronic correlations in rhombohedral graphene multilayers at 77 K, revealing the layer-enhanced low-energy flat bands and interlayer interactions.

Lead-halide perovskite compounds have seen a considerable interest for their optoelectronic properties. Here, the authors discover a ferroelectric halide perovskite compound as an alternative pathway towards designing semiconductor ferroelectrics.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can provide important information, but long imaging times are needed to achieve a high spatial resolution, which is why the amount of publicly available high-resolution MSI data for deep learning applications is limited. Liao and colleagues use transfer learning from optical super-resolution images to reduce the amount of MSI data that is needed.

Clonal Vb2 usage is common among patients with mature T cell lymphoma. Here the authors report the generation of allogeneic CAR-T cells selectively targeting TCR Vb2+ on malignant T cells, with limited normal T cell destruction.

Energy density and cyclability are often a trade-off for lithium-ion batteries. The authors develop cobalt- and nickel-free cathodes with both good cycling stability and high energy density through the integration of polyanion units into rocksalt structures.

Phosphorus addition alone reduces phosphorus-acquiring enzyme activities by 14%, while phosphorus combined with nitrogen addition boosts nitrogen-acquiring enzyme activities by 21%, according to a meta-analysis based on 155 field studies across various ecosystems.

Replisomes duplicate genomes while SMC complexes organize the DNA. Replisomes and SMC collide frequently but it is unclear how the collisions are resolved. Here, the authors find that in Bacillus subtilis cells, SMC does not affect replisome progression, but replisomes restrict SMC movement by blocking and unloading it.

Switchable structural and physical bistability in ferroelectric materials can be achieved as result of molecular orbital breaking. Here, the authors describe the photo-mediated bistability in organosilicon Schiff base ferroelectric crystals for the modulation of dielectric, second-harmonic generation, and ferroelectric polarization and showing good in vitro biocompatibility.

While graphite negative electrodes pose dendrite risks, high-potential fast-charging titanium-based alternatives limit battery energy. Here, authors develop a titanium oxide negative electrode with tailored atomic distortions that safely operates at 0.5 V vs. Li ⁺ /Li, boosting cell voltage by 50%.

Human-driven forest fragmentation could have major impacts on ecosystem functioning. This global analysis shows that the relationship between fragmentation and vegetation resilience in forests may differ depending on bioclimatic region and local environmental conditions.

CD8 + T cells are central players in anti-tumour immunity. Here authors identify Cul5, a ubiquitin E3 ligase as an important inhibitor of CD8 + T cell anti-tumour cytotoxicity and persistence via involvement with both T cell receptor and cytokine-regulated central pathways.

The neural mechanisms of memory consolidation during sleep are poorly understood. Here the authors show that isolated theta waves from nucleus reuniens initiate neural ensemble reactivation during sleep required for spatial memory consolidation.

A fuzzy sequencer can exceed the current limit of information efficiency of DNA sequencers for resequencing applications.

Cao et al. report an A-site co-doping strategy by substituting Cs+ cation by alkali metals for perovskite quantum wires embedded in nanoporous alumina template, stabilising the crystal structure and enabling high-colour purity LEDs spanning from blue to green spectral region.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

The authors demonstrate that multiple optical vortex-antivortex clusters initially nested in a propagating light field crystalize into patterns that preserve their lattice structures during propagation over a distance up to several Rayleigh lengths. The showcasing of vortex-antivortex crystallization opens up innovative possibilities for utilizing it in high-capacity optical communication technologies.

A real-time in situ magnetization reprogramming method for magnetic soft robots enables dynamic shape control, cooperative multi-tool manipulation and expanded actuation abilities.

Here, Cai et al. demonstrate that environmental metabolite availability directly impacts glucose utilization and function in trained immunity - trained monocytes prefer lactate over glucose as a physiologic fuel, and lactate regulates trained immunity by altering histone lactylation.

A quantum microsatellite, with a payload weighing only 23 kilograms, in combination with portable ground stations that weigh merely 100 kilograms, is capable of performing space-to-ground real-time quantum key distribution.